La filosofía cínica y la literatura hispanoamericana de vanguardias

Este trabajo analiza la influencia de la filosofía cínica en la literatura vanguardista europea, en general, e hispanoamericana, en particular. En la primera parte se estudia en qué medida los escritores hispanoamericanos de la primera mitad del siglo XX pudieron verse influidos por la filosofía cínica. En la segunda parte se exploran qué ideas, motivos o actitudes de corte cínico son identificables en el seno de la literatura de vanguardias escrita por autores hispanoamericanos. PALABRAS CLAVE: Literatura hispanoamericana. Literatura de vanguardias. Filosofía cínica. Literatura y filosofía. Teriofilia.

Los cachorros, de Mario Vargas LLosa, ¿una historia pasada que no puede repetirse?

El reciente otorgamiento del Premio Nobel1 de Literatura2 al escritor peruano Mario Vargas Llosa3 nos permite acercarnos tanto al perfil del autor como a una de sus obras breves: el cuento de 'Los cachorros' llevado al cine por el director mexicano Jorge Fons. El conjunto nos induce a la reflexión y al análisis para ver que situaciones concretas, imprevistas, cambian la vida de las personas,también de las más jóvenes; y a considerar el trasunto ético que ello conlleva como responsabilidad social. Este aspecto puede interesar a adolescentes y jóvenes de secundaria y de bachillerato por la cercanía con la que suelen percibir el problema que se trata, al compararlo con otros análogos.

El escepticismo identitario en la obra de Jorge Luis Borges

Este trabajo estudia la actitud de Borges respecto de la identidad, en general, y la identidad nacional, en particular. En la primera parte realizo una breve exposición de la tradición escéptica, de la que Borges es deudor, centrándome especialmente en el tratamiento que ésta le da al tema de la identidad. En la segunda parte, estudio de qué modo el escepticismo identitario se concreta en la obra de Jorge Luis Borges ; ABSTRACT: This paper explores the attitude of Borges with regard to identity, specifically the national identity. In the first part I study the skeptic tradition, that is predominant in Borges works, specially in connexion with the subject of identity. In the second part, I study how identitary skepticism appears in borgean litterature. KEYWORDS: Jorge Luis Borges. Skepticism. Identity. Nationalism. Latin american literature. Michel de Montaigne.

Reseña del Congreso Internacional 'Humanismo, mestizaje y escritura'. Universidad de Sevilla, 28-30 de octubre de 2009

Este Congreso Internacional"Humanismo, mestizaje y escritura", que conmemoraba los 400 años de la publicación de los Comentarios reales del Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, se celebró en la Universidad de Sevilla del 28 al 30 de octubre de 2009. El evento, organizado por Carmen de Mora (Universidad de Sevilla), Guillermo Serés (Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona) y Mercedes Serna (Universidad de Barcelona), con apoyo de la Asociación Española de Estudios Hispanoamericanos (AEELH) y la Universidad de Sevilla, fue un éxito de contenido, de organización y de público.

Escepticismo y conservadurismo progresista en la obra de Jorge Luis Borges

A lo largo de más de dos milenios los pensadores escépticos han compartido concepciones políticas semejantes. El hecho de que muchos de estos rasgos sean reconocibles en Borges refuerza la interpretación escéptica de su obra que he defendido en mi tesis doctoral y en diversos artículos. Analizaré, en primer lugar, la actitud política, conservadora, tradicionalmente asociada al escepticismo; en segundo lugar, el modo en que Borges participa de dicho conservadurismo progresista; y, en tercer lugar, aquellas características del pensamiento borgeano que pueden llevarnos a considerarlo como un intelectual según la definición que propone del mismo Edward W. Said en Representations of the intellectual.

Nihilismo y voluntad de engaño en El astillero, de Juan Carlos Onetti

En este artículo se estudia la novela El astillero de Juan Carlos Onetti a la luz de los conceptos nietzscheanos de"nihilismo" y"voluntad de engaño"

The effects of employment uncertainty and wealth shocks on the labor supply and claiming behavior of older American workers

Unemployment rates in developed countries have recently reached levels not seenin a generation, and workers of all ages are facing increasing probabilities of losingtheir jobs and considerable losses in accumulated assets. These events likely increasethe reliance that most older workers will have on public social insurance programs,exactly at a time that public finances are suffering from a large drop in contributions.Our paper explicitly accounts for employment uncertainty and unexpectedwealth shocks, something that has been relatively overlooked in the literature, butthat has grown in importance in recent years. Using administrative and householdlevel data we empirically characterize a life-cycle model of retirement and claimingdecisions in terms of the employment, wage, health, and mortality uncertainty facedby individuals. Our benchmark model explains with great accuracy the strikinglyhigh proportion of individuals who claim benefits exactly at the Early RetirementAge, while still explaining the increased claiming hazard at the Normal RetirementAge. We also discuss some policy experiments and their interplay with employmentuncertainty. Additionally, we analyze the effects of negative wealth shocks on thelabor supply and claiming decisions of older Americans. Our results can explainwhy early claiming has remained very high in the last years even as the early retirementpenalties have increased substantially compared with previous periods, andwhy labor force participation has remained quite high for older workers even in themidst of the worse employment crisis in decades.

Geographical deviations in foreign trade statistics: A study into European trade with Latin American Countries, 1925

We have analyzed the spatial accuracy of European foreign trade statistics compared to Latin American. We have also included USA s data because of the importance of this country in Latin American trade. We have developed a method for mapping discrepancies between exporters and importers, trying to isolate systematic spatial deviations. Although our results don t allow a unique explanation, they present some interesting clues to the distribution channels in the Latin American Continent as well as some spatial deviations for statistics in individual countries. Connecting our results with the literature specialized in the accuracy of foreign trade statistics; we can revisit Morgernstern (1963) as well as Federico and Tena (1991). Morgernstern had had a really pessimistic view on the reliability of this statistic source, but his main alert was focused on the trade balances, not in gross export or import values. Federico and Tena (1991) have demonstrated howaccuracy increases by aggregation, geographical and of product at the same time. But they still have a pessimistic view with relation to distribution questions, remarking that perhaps it will be more accurate to use import sources in this latest case. We have stated that the data set coming from foreign trade statistics for a sample in 1925, being it exporters or importers, it s a valuable tool for geography of trade patterns, although in some specific cases it needs some spatial adjustments.

Translations and Translators of English-language Literature in Catalan Literary Publications and Series between 1868 and 1910

Translations into Catalan of English and American authors during the final quarter of the nineteenth century are few and far between. Numerically, English-language literature most likely ranks fifth or sixth among all the translations of this period. We take inventory here of translations found in Catalan magazines from this time (the oldest dates from 1868) and in published series that came out at this time (if these continued until later, we trace them up to their final year). At the same time, the translators are examined, including reference, where available, as to whether the translations are direct or indirect. Finally, we consider some possible causes for the low English-language volume in Catalan translation during the period.