The First privatization : selling SOEs and privatizing public monopolies in fascist Italy, 1922-1925

[cat] El primer govern feixista d’Itàlia va aplicar una política de privatització a gran escala entre 1922 i 1925. El govern va privatitzar el monopoli estatal de llumins, el monopoli estatal d’assegurances de vida, va vendre la major part de la xarxa i serveis de telefònica pública a empreses privades, va reprivatitzar el major productor de productes metàl·lics, i va atorgar concessions a empreses privades per construir i explotar autopistes de peatge. Tot i que algunes consideracions ideològiques van poder tenir alguna influència, la privatització va ser usada sobre tot com un instrument polític per construir confiança amb els grans industrials i per augmentar el suport al govern i al Partito Nazionale Fascista. La privatització també va contribuir a equilibrar el pressupost públic, qüestió aquesta que va ser el principal objectiu de la primera fase de la política econòmica feixista.

Networks of people in specialty production: family firms in the iron and steel Wire industries in Spain (1870-2000)

Capital intensive industries in specialized niches of production have constituted solid ground for family firms in Spain , as evidenced by the experience of the iron and steel wire industries between 1870 and 2000. The embeddedness of these firms in their local and regional environments have allowed the creation of networks that, together with favourable institutional conditions, significantly explain the dominance of family entrepreneurship in iron and steel wire manufacturing in Spain, until the end of the 20 th century. Dominance of family firms at the regional level has not been not an obstacle for innovation in wire manufacturing in Spain, which has taken place even when institutional conditions blocked innovation and traditional networking. Therefore, economic theories about the difficulties dynastic family firms may have to perform appropriately in science-based industries must be questioned

Auction theory, sequential local service privatization, and the effects of geographical scale economies on effective competition

A sequential weakly efficient two-auction game with entry costs, interdependence between objects, two potential bidders and IPV assumption is presented here in order to give some theoretical predictions on the effects of geographical scale economies on local service privatization performance. It is shown that the first object seller takes profit of this interdependence. The interdependence externality rises effective competition for the first object, expressed as the probability of having more than one final bidder. Besides, if there is more than one final bidder in the first auction, seller extracts the entire bidder¿s expected future surplus differential between having won the first auction and having lost. Consequences for second object seller are less clear, reflecting the contradictory nature of the two main effects of object interdependence. On the one hand, first auction winner becomes ¿stronger¿, so that expected payments rise in a competitive environment. On the other hand, first auction loser becomes relatively ¿weaker¿, hence (probably) reducing effective competition for the second object. Additionally, some contributions to static auction theory with entry cost and asymmetric bidders are presented in the appendix

Foreign trade traps in the european periphery: Spain, 1870-1913

In this article we research into the difficulties that foreign trade imposed onSpanish process of integration into the international economy in the years priorto the First World War. We start out by examining some features of the foreigntrade structure of the country. By means of an econometric analysis of importand export series, it is possible to observe the presence of a trend towards tradedeficit, which was in force when Spain grew at a rate similar to that of itstrading partners. We also check that, in the absence of these compensatorymechanisms, adjustment in foreign payments could be reached by means ofprotective measures and the exchange rate.

Gender and family firms: an interdisciplinary approach

This study contributes to developing our understanding of gender and family business, a topic so crucial to recent policies about competitive growth. It does so by providing an interdisciplinary synthesis of some major theoretical debates. It also contributes to this understanding by illuminating the role of women and their participation in the practices of the family and the business. Finally, it explores gender relations and the notion that leadership in family business may take complex forms crafted within constantly changing relationships. Leadership is introduced as a concept that captures the reality of women and men in family firms in a better way than other concepts used by historians or economists like ownership and management.

Networks of people in specialty production: family firms in the iron and steel Wire industries in Spain (1870-2000)

Capital intensive industries in specialized niches of production have constituted solid ground for family firms in Spain , as evidenced by the experience of the iron and steel wire industries between 1870 and 2000. The embeddedness of these firms in their local and regional environments have allowed the creation of networks that, together with favourable institutional conditions, significantly explain the dominance of family entrepreneurship in iron and steel wire manufacturing in Spain, until the end of the 20 th century. Dominance of family firms at the regional level has not been not an obstacle for innovation in wire manufacturing in Spain, which has taken place even when institutional conditions blocked innovation and traditional networking. Therefore, economic theories about the difficulties dynastic family firms may have to perform appropriately in science-based industries must be questioned

Against the mainstream: Nazi privatization in 1930s Germany

The Great Depression spurred State ownership in Western capitalist countries. Germany was no exception; the last governments of the Weimar Republic took over firms in diverse sectors. Later, the Nazi regime transferred public ownership and public services to the private sector. In doing so, they went against the mainstream trends in the Western capitalist countries, none of which systematically reprivatized firms during the 1930s. Privatization in Nazi Germany was also unique in transferring to private hands the delivery f public services previously provided by government. The firms and the services transferred to private ownership belonged to diverse sectors. Privatization was part of an intentional policy with multiple objectives and was not ideologically driven. As in many recent privatizations, particularly within the European Union, strong financial restrictions were a central motivation. In addition, privatization was used as a political tool to enhance support for the government and for the Nazi Party.

The First privatization : selling SOEs and privatizing public monopolies in fascist Italy, 1922-1925

[cat] El primer govern feixista d’Itàlia va aplicar una política de privatització a gran escala entre 1922 i 1925. El govern va privatitzar el monopoli estatal de llumins, el monopoli estatal d’assegurances de vida, va vendre la major part de la xarxa i serveis de telefònica pública a empreses privades, va reprivatitzar el major productor de productes metàl·lics, i va atorgar concessions a empreses privades per construir i explotar autopistes de peatge. Tot i que algunes consideracions ideològiques van poder tenir alguna influència, la privatització va ser usada sobre tot com un instrument polític per construir confiança amb els grans industrials i per augmentar el suport al govern i al Partito Nazionale Fascista. La privatització també va contribuir a equilibrar el pressupost públic, qüestió aquesta que va ser el principal objectiu de la primera fase de la política econòmica feixista.

Guía Managgend: Indicadores de gestión y de género para la completividad y crecimiento de los sectores públicos y privado de Cataluña en una sociedad del conocimiento compleja

La actual crisis económica, del modelo de producción y de las gravesconsecuencias que está teniendo en el tejido industrial, productivo,económico, de consumo, de diferentes sectores, así como la pérdidade competitividad y el descenso de nuestra productividad como casi lamás baja de Europa, nos lleva a buscar soluciones y alternativas en lagestión empresarial y en la dirección de las organizaciones públicas yprivadas, como uno de los factores estratégicos que podrían ayudar a colaborar a la salida de la crisis.

Guia Managgend: Indicadors de gestió i de gènere per a la competitivitat i creixement dels sectors públic i privat de Catalunya en una societat del coneixement complexa.

L'actual crisi econòmica, del model de producció i les greus conseqüències que està tenint en el teixit industrial, productiu, econòmic, de consum, de diferents sectors, així com la pèrdua de competitivitat i el descens de la nostra productivitat com quasi la més baixa d'Europa, ens porta a cercar solucions i alternatives en la gestió empresarial i a la direcció de les organitzacions públiques i privades,com un dels factors estratègics que podrien ajudar a col·laborar a la sortida de la crisi.

Arquitectura, societat i construccíó de Gírona entre 1936 i 1955

Anàlisi de l'arquitectura de Girona entre l'any de l'aixecament militar del general Franco contra la República i elconsegüent inici de la Guerra Civil (1936) fins a l'any en què Espanya va ser admesa per ingressar a l'ONU (1955)

Redistribució, nivell de preus i renda per càpita a les comarques gironines

Aquest article analitza el nivell de vida (renda per càpita) i el nivell de preus a les comarques gironines

Premsa diària i comunicació política: La percepció del projecte de reforma de l'Estatut de Catalunya en 12 diaris espanyols

La recerca que es presenta en aquest article analitza la percepció del projecte de nou Estatut de Catalunya a la premsa espanyola. L’estudi s’ha fet a partir dels editorials i de les portades publicades en dotze diaris de tot l’Estat entre els dies 1 d’octubre i 15 de desembre de2005. El projecte de nou Estatut de Catalunya va provocar un debat sobredimensionat que va convertir els mitjans en una autèntica «arena política», un locus públic on mitjans i polítics van desplegar múltiples estratègies ideològiques cooperatives o competitives. L’article conclou que el nou Estatut va patir un rebuig sever en la majoria de diaris, especialment en alguns d’àmbit estatal, i tracta d’identificar les diferències de matís entre els dotze rotatius.El treball també dissecciona els punts forts i febles del projecte estatutari segons els rotatiusanalitzats.

Aspectos clave de las negociaciones en la China empresarial actual

En este trabajo hemos realizado un recorrido por todos aquellos aspectos relevantes para entender cómo se llevan a cabo las negociaciones en la China empresarial actual.

Les transformacions de la masoveria gironina en el segle XX

Article que estudia les característiques i les transformacions de la masoveria durant el segle XX a les comarques gironines