Escriure (correctament) per al web

The article presents the requirements of written text to be read on the web, as well as the general recommendations for editing text aimed at facilitating its reading. After introducing the overview of reading of written text, techniques, and strategies, the author turns to factors that condition reading on the web, as well as other specifics. Based on these elements, a series of recommendations is offered for good practices for writing correctly for the web, organised by the three basic components of written text: style or tone, structure, and presentation (orthographic and typographic corrections). Also introduced are tools that can be useful for improving text editing in a corporate environment

Babel y la Biblioteca, máscaras del mito en la lingüística

Los manuales de historia de la lingüística tratan del mito bíblico de Babel y del nacimiento de la gramática en Alejandría de manos de Dionisio de Tracia. Estos pasajes de la historia, que corresponden a épocas diferentes, remiten a dos problemas fundamentales de la lingüística: por una parte, el origen del lenguaje y la diversidad lingüística; por la otra, la invención de la gramática como instrumento para la edición de textos y para el conocimiento formal de la lengua. Pese a las diferencias, Babel y la biblioteca de Alejandría tienen en común una naturaleza mítica. Sus relatos contienen elementos de la ficción y de la realidad que suelen pasar desapercibidos. El artículo señala estos elementos y establece ciertas afinidades entre Babel y la biblioteca, de suerte que articulados componen un ciclo narrativo. // Abstract.- Babel and the Library, the myth masks in Linguistics. History textbooks of linguistics explain the biblical myth of Babel and the birth of grammar in Alexandria at the hands of Dionysius Thrax. These passages of history, which correspond to different times, refer to two fundamental problems of linguistics: first, the origin of language and linguistic diversity and on the other, the invention of grammar as a tool for text editing and formal knowledge of the language. Despite the differences, Babel and the library of Alexandria share a mythical nature. These stories contain elements of fiction and reality that often go unnoticed. The article points out these elements and establishes affinities between Babel and the library, so that it should be considered as a narrative cycle. Keywords: Babel, Library of Alexandria, myth, story, grammar, institution, Dionysius Thrax.

Internship report: improving asymmetric term extraction from bilingual text

Estudi elaborat a partir d’una estada a Xerox Research Centre Europe a Grenoble, França,entre juny i desembre del 2006. El projecte tradueïx termes tècnics anglesos a noruec. És asimètric perquè no tenim recursos lingüístics per a la llengua noruega, però solament per a l'anglès. S’ha desenvolupat i posat en pràctica mètodes que comprovaven contigüitat ("local reordering" i permutació selectiva) per a millorar el funcionament d’una eina anterior. Contigüitat és quan una paraula es traduïx en paraules múltiples, aquestes paraules han de ser adjacents en l'oració. A més, s’ha construït una taula de les operacions de recerca per als termes tècnics i s’ha integrat aquesta taula en un programa de demostració.

Un llibre de text a la Barcelona de principis del segle XIX: el "Lecciones de Historia Natural" d'Agustí Yàñez i Girona

El "Lecciones de Historia Natural", publicat a Barcelona l'any 1820, és considerat el primer llibre de text sobre història natural original i publicat en llengua castellana. El seu autor, Agustí Yàñez, fou un personatge molt conegut de la societat barcelonina de la primera meitat del segle XIX i una peça principal en el desenvolupament de l'ensenyament universitari de la farmàcia i en la difusió de la ciència a la societat. L'estudi del seu llibre de text i el d'altres fonts permeten copsar com s'ensenyava la història natural al Col·legi de farmàcia de Barcelona en aquell període.

Arquitectures d'Aprenentatge Automàtic per al Reconeixement d'Estructures Lingüístiques en el Text

Estudi realitzat a partir d’una estada al Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab, del Massachusetts Institute of Technology, entre 2006 i 2008. La recerca desenvolupada en aquest projecte se centra en mètodes d'aprenentatge automàtic per l'anàlisi sintàctica del llenguatge. Com a punt de partida, establim que la complexitat del llenguatge exigeix no només entendre els processos computacionals associats al llenguatge sinó també entendre com es pot aprendre automàticament el coneixement per a dur a terme aquests processos.

Development of a tool for the construction of "ground truth" for complex color images with text

Aquesta memoria resumeix el treball de final de carrera d’Enginyeria Superior d’Informàtica. Explicarà les principals raons que han motivat el projecte així com exemples que il·lustren l’aplicació resultant. En aquest cas el software intentarà resoldre la actual necessitat que hi ha de tenir dades de Ground Truth per als algoritmes de segmentació de text per imatges de color complexes. Tots els procesos seran explicats en els diferents capítols partint de la definició del problema, la planificació, els requeriments i el disseny fins a completar la il·lustració dels resultats del programa i les dades de Ground Truth resultants.

Generación de interfaces para aplicaciones por línea de comandos

Generación dinámica de interfaces web basadas en ficheros descriptivos XML para el control de la parametrización compleja y ejecución de programas por línea de comandos. La necesidad surge con la aplicación mlcoalsim, utilizada por investigadores de la UAB, cuya parametrización requiere la edición manual de un fichero de texto la sintaxis del cual es complicada y pesada. Con la generación de interfaces web se pretende ayudar a los usuarios en la correcta parametrización y ejecución de aplicaciones como mlcoalsim.

El català naixent : Estudi filològic d'un text del segle XI: Jurament de compareixença

Estudi filològic d'un dels texts escrits més arcaics de la llengua catalana, el 'Jurament de compareixença'. S'analitzen els trets lingüístics, llatins i romànics, que presenta el text i s'hi conclou que la romanització de la llengua d'aquest text pot ser ja suficient com per a considerar-lo un dels primers texts escrits en llengua catalana.

Use and availability of scholarly journals in Catalan academic libraries

This paper presents the results of a survey of academics affiliated to the universities that are members of the Consortium of Academic Libraries of Catalonia (CBUC), and an analysis of the availability in the libraries of these universities, of the references cited in a sample of articles published by these academics. The results reflect the major importance that researchers assign to scholarly journals as the main source of scientific information. Most state that they use electronic journals either exclusively or in any case more than print journals, a preference that is higher among younger scholars. With regard to frequency of reading, four out of ten researchers state that they read journals virtually every day, while nine out of ten report that they do so at least once a week. Scholars claim that the obstacles they face when trying to download an article are related to the lack of subscriptions. However, the availability study showed that most of the articles cited in their publications are available at least at one of the CBUC libraries. Though most researchers keep a copy of the articles they consult, just over a third of them use some kind of reference management software.

Traducció d'un text tècnic sobre sistemes d'enllumenat: Erco. Einkaufswelten

L’objectiu del present treball és la traducció i l’anàlisi d’una publicació tècnica especialitzada sobre sistemes d’enllumenat, els quals han adquirit una rellevància notable, tant des del punt de vista arquitectònic de l’edifici, com des de la tecnologia de control lumínic que afavoreix l’estalvi energètic.

Les set vides del paper: formats de presentació i models de distribució en línia dels treballs publicats en revistes científiques digitals

Study of the publication models and the means of accessing scientific literature in the current environment of digital communication and the web. The text introduces the concept of journal article as a well-defined and stable unit within the publishing world, and as a nucleus on which professional and scholarly communication has been based since its beginnings in the 17th century. The transformation of scientific communication that the digital world has enabled is analysed. Descriptions are provided of some of the practices undertaken by authors, research organisations, publishers and library-related institutions as a response to the new possibilities being unveiled for articles, both as products as well as for their creation and distribution processes. These transformations affect the very nature of articles as a minimal unit -both unique and stable- of scientific communication. The article concludes by noting that under varying documentary forms of publisher aggregation and bibliographic control -sometimes simultaneously and, even, apparently contradictory- there flourishes a more pluralistic type of scientific communication. This pluralism offers: more possibilities for communication among authors; fewer levels of intermediaries such as agents that intervene and provide added value to the products; greater availability for users both economically speaking and from the point of view of access; and greater interaction and wealth of contents, thanks to the new hypertext and multimedia possibilities.

Measuring researchers' use of scholarly information through social bookmarking data: a case study of BibSonomy

This paper explores the possibility of using data from social bookmarking services to measure the use of information by academic researchers. Social bookmarking data can be used to augment participative methods (e.g. interviews and surveys) and other, non-participative methods (e.g. citation analysis and transaction logs) to measure the use of scholarly information. We use BibSonomy, a free resource-sharing system, as a case study. Results show that published journal articles are by far the most popular type of source bookmarked, followed by conference proceedings and books. Commercial journal publisher platforms are the most popular type of information resource bookmarked, followed by websites, records in databases and digital repositories. Usage of open access information resources is low in comparison with toll access journals. In the case of open access repositories, there is a marked preference for the use of subject-based repositories over institutional repositories. The results are consistent with those observed in related studies based on surveys and citation analysis, confirming the possible use of bookmarking data in studies of information behaviour in academic settings. The main advantages of using social bookmarking data are that is an unobtrusive approach, it captures the reading habits of researchers who are not necessarily authors, and data are readily available. The main limitation is that a significant amount of human resources is required in cleaning and standardizing the data.

Electronic journals, scholarly communication and libraries

The recent surge in scientific electronic journals began when libraries began having access to the WWW in the mid-1990s. The shift from paper to digital has affected the traditional alignment and role of the primary "stakeholders" -mainly authors, publishers, universities and libraries. The author offers a brief review of the history of the scholarly journal followed by the evolution of e-journals in during the past two decades. The article then focuses on the implications that these have had on traditional library processes and services such as selection, acquisitions, cataloguing, storage, preservation and user services. In the conclusion the author speculates on the long term effect of Web-based publishing on the format of the traditional scholarly journal as it has existed for over 300 years.

A qualitative study of the impact of electronic journals on scholarly information behavior

A qualitative study of the impact of electronic journals on the information behavior of academics at Catalan universities shows that academics now read more, and more widely. However, their reading is becoming more superficial; they are compelled to improve their discrimination skills in order to decide what to read in more depth. The electronic accessibility of journals means that academics now make fewer library visits. Web browsing and TOC e-mail alerts are replacing physical browsing, and searching is a very popular option for keeping up to date with developments. Internet search engines, especially Google and Google Scholar, are becoming important sources of information for academics. However, they face problems in managing their personal scientific information.

Philo of Alexandria's De opificio mundi (LIII-LXI): discovering the essential features of Greek and Western Misogyny in a Platonising Jewish Text

The aim of this article is to show the Western centuries-old misogynist tradition from its origins in Greece by analysing a text by the allegorical interpreter of the Bible Philo of Alexandria, his De opifico mundi, which on many occasions is read by him from a Platonic point of view. The accurate analysis of the chapters devoted to the creation of the woman by God proves to what extent it is not possible to understand this text if one does not take into account a Greek philosophical tradition which was already centuries-old.