22 resultados para project design
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RESUMO - O aumento da incidência das doenças crónicas representa um desafio enorme para todos os Sistemas de Saúde, pelo que a assistência de Saúde a doentes crónicos se tornou num problema das sociedades ocidentais. Os países mais pobres são os que mais sofrem, embora nos países desenvolvidos também se verifique um aumento notável das doenças crónicas. Estima-se que estas representem mais de 60% do total das doenças mundiais no ano 2020 (WHO, 2001). A adaptação dos actuais modelos de saúde aos doentes crónicos não atingiu os objectivos, o que conduziu a que, de há alguns anos a esta parte, se procure alternativas mais eficazes e eficientes. Uma das pressões do mercado que se fazem sentir será caracterizada por uma maior aposta na Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção da doença. O conceito de “Saúde” migrou de “não existência de doença” para “Bem-estar Físico e Psicológico”. Desta forma, o foco dos cuidados de saúde teve que ser adaptado, o que conduziu a uma situação em que o âmbito da prestação de cuidados de saúde é um contínuo de serviços que vai desde a promoção da saúde, medicina preventiva e medicina curativa aos cuidados continuados e cuidados paliativos. As tecnologias de informação e comunicação desempenharão um importante papel nesta tendência, permitindo estabelecer ligações contínuas entre os consumidores e prestadores de cuidados de saúde. Por outro lado, as potencialidades da Internet, das comunicações móveis, dispositivos portáteis e do instrumental electrónico, tornam-se evidentes no desenvolvimento de serviços de e-Saúde: para monitorização, seguimento e controlo dos doentes extra hospitalar - serviços estes centrados no doente. O objectivo geral do presente estudo consiste no desenho de um projecto de investigação para posterior avaliação da percepção do estado de saúde dos doentes seguidos na consulta de hipocoagulação do Hospital de Santa Marta. Devido à escassez de investigação na temática deste trabalho em Portugal, procedeu-se a um trabalho exploratório, descritivo, de carácter comparativo e enquadrado na abordagem quantitativa. O campo de análise consiste em comparar doentes que fazem anticoagulação oral, seguidos na consulta de cardiologia (consulta convencional), com os doentes seguidos no programa Airmed (através das comunicações móveis). 4 Para avaliação da percepção do estado de saúde foi utilizado o questionário SF-36.----ABSTRACT - The increasing incidence of chronic diseases represents an enormous challenge to the Health Systems and on cause of that, the Health Assistance to chronic patients became a concern of the Occidental society. The Countries with lower economical resources are the ones that suffers the most, but also the Developed countries have a noticeable increase of chronic diseases. It is estimated these will represent over 60% of total diseases world wide in 2020 (WHO,2001). The adaptation of the actual Health Models to chronic patients did not achieved it’s goals, what leaded to look for more effective and efficient alternatives. One of the more sensitive market pressure factor is to look for a better Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. The concept of “Health” merged from “Disease absence” to “Physic and Psychic Wellness”. In this way the Health Care focus had to be adapted, what drove to a status where the scope of the Health care is a continuum of services that goes from the Health Promotion, Preventive and Curative to Continued and Palliative Medical Care. The Information and Communication Technologies will play a crucial role in this trend, allowing to establish continued connections between patients and Health Care providers. In parallel the potential of the Internet, mobile communications, portable devices and electronic instruments became evident to deploy e-Health services: to monitor, follow-up and control of patients outside the Hospital. The overall objective of the present study is an Investigation Project Design to further evaluate the health status perception of the patients followed in the consultation for Hypocoagulation in the “Hospital de Santa Marta”. Due to lack of investigation in this thematic, in Portugal, this study is developed in an exploratory way, descriptive, comparative, within a scope of a quantified approach. The analysis field consists on comparing patients prescribed with oral anticoagulants and followed-up at the
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The work agenda includes the production of a report on different doctoral programmes on “Technology Assessment” in Europe, the US and Japan, in order to analyse collaborative post-graduation activities. Finally, the proposals on collaborative post-graduation programme between FCTUNL and ITAS-FZK will be organised by an ongoing discussion process with colleagues from ITAS.
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Flexible forms of work like project work are gaining importance in industry and services. Looking at the research on project work, the vast majority of present literature is on project management, but increasingly, problems concerning the quality of work and the efficiency of project teams become visible. The question now is how project work can be structured in order to simultaneously provide efficient and flexible work and healthy working conditions ensuring the development of human resources for a long time. Selected results of publicly funded research into project work will be presented based on case studies in 7 software development /IT consulting project teams (N=34). A set of different methods was applied: interviews with management/project managers, group interviews on work constraints, a monthly diary about well-being and critical incidences in the course of the project, and a final evaluation questionnaire on project outcomes focusing on economic and health aspects. Findings reveal that different types of projects exist with varying degree of team members’ autonomy and influence on work structuring. An effect of self-regulation on mental strain could not be found. The results emphasize, that contradicting requirements and insufficient organizational resources with respect to the work requirements lead to an increased work intensity or work obstruction. These contradicting requirements are identified as main drivers for generating stress. Finally, employees with high values on stress for more than 2 months have significantly higher exhaustion rates than those with only one month peaks. Structuring project work and taking into account the dynamics of project work, there is a need for an active role of the project team in contract negotiation or the detailed definition of work – this is not only a question of individual autonomy but of negotiation the range of option for work structuring. Therefore, along with the sequential definition of the (software) product, the working conditions need to be re-defined.
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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies
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The participation of the Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA (Stuttgart, Germany) and the companies User Interface Design GmbH (Ludwigsburg, Germany) plus MLR System GmbH (Ludwigsburg, Germany) enabled the research and findings presented in this paper; we would like to namely mention Birgit Graf and Theo Jacobs (Fraunhofer IPA) furthermore Peter Klein and Christiane Hartmann (User Interface Design GmbH).
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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores
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Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, vol. 22, n.1, March 2004, p. 47–62
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Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estatística e Gestão de Informação
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
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Chlamydia trachomatis has a unique obligate intracellular developmental cycle that ends by the lysis of the cell and/or the extrusion of the bacteria in order to allow for re-infections. While Chlamydia trachomatis infections are often asymptomatic the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis is usually late, occurring after manifestation of persistency. Investigations on the consequences of long-term infections and the molecular mechanisms behind it will reveal light to what extent bacteria can modulate host cell function and what the ultimate fate of host cells after clearance of an infection is. Such studies on the host cell fate could be greatly facilitated if the infected cells become permanently marked during and after the infection. Therefore, this project intends to develop a new genetic tool that would allow permanently labeling of Chlamydia trachomatis host cells. The plan was to generate a Chlamydia trachomatis strain that encodes a recombinant CRE recombinase, fused to a secretory effector function of the Chlamydia type 3 secretion system (T3SS). Upon translocation into the host cell, this recombinant CRE enzyme could then, owing to its site-specific recombination function, switch a reporter gene contained in the host cell genome. To this end, the reporter line carried a membrane-tagged tdTomato (mT) gene flanked by two LoxP sequences followed by a GFP gene. The translocation of the recombinant CRE recombinase into this cell line was designed to trigger the recombination of the LoxP sites whereby the cells would turn from red fluorescence to green as an irreversible label of the infected cells. Successful execution of this mechanism would allow to draw a direct link between Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the subsequent fate of the infected cell.
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Due to the importance and wide applications of the DNA analysis, there is a need to make genetic analysis more available and more affordable. As such, the aim of this PhD thesis is to optimize a colorimetric DNA biosensor based on gold nanoprobes developed in CEMOP by reducing its price and the needed volume of solution without compromising the device sensitivity and reliability, towards the point of care use. Firstly, the price of the biosensor was decreased by replacing the silicon photodetector by a low cost, solution processed TiO2 photodetector. To further reduce the photodetector price, a novel fabrication method was developed: a cost-effective inkjet printing technology that enabled to increase TiO2 surface area. Secondly, the DNA biosensor was optimized by means of microfluidics that offer advantages of miniaturization, much lower sample/reagents consumption, enhanced system performance and functionality by integrating different components. In the developed microfluidic platform, the optical path length was extended by detecting along the channel and the light was transmitted by optical fibres enabling to guide the light very close to the analysed solution. Microfluidic chip of high aspect ratio (~13), smooth and nearly vertical sidewalls was fabricated in PDMS using a SU-8 mould for patterning. The platform coupled to the gold nanoprobe assay enabled detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using 3 8l on DNA solution, i.e. 20 times less than in the previous state-of-the-art. Subsequently, the bio-microfluidic platform was optimized in terms of cost, electrical signal processing and sensitivity to colour variation, yielding 160% improvement of colorimetric AuNPs analysis. Planar microlenses were incorporated to converge light into the sample and then to the output fibre core increasing 6 times the signal-to-losses ratio. The optimized platform enabled detection of single nucleotide polymorphism related with obesity risk (FTO) using target DNA concentration below the limit of detection of the conventionally used microplate reader (i.e. 15 ng/μl) with 10 times lower solution volume (3 μl). The combination of the unique optical properties of gold nanoprobes with microfluidic platform resulted in sensitive and accurate sensor for single nucleotide polymorphism detection operating using small volumes of solutions and without the need for substrate functionalization or sophisticated instrumentation. Simultaneously, to enable on chip reagents mixing, a PDMS micromixer was developed and optimized for the highest efficiency, low pressure drop and short mixing length. The optimized device shows 80% of mixing efficiency at Re = 0.1 in 2.5 mm long mixer with the pressure drop of 6 Pa, satisfying requirements for the application in the microfluidic platform for DNA analysis.