Declarative approach to data extraction of web pages

Thesis submitted to Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia of the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Computer Science

L'homme armé no Cancioneiro de Resende

No Cancioneiro Geral de Garcia de Resende, que recolhe muita da poesia surgida ou circulada na corte portuguesa durante a segunda metade do século XV, 1 há um número significativo de trovas que fazem referência à prática musical, ou que utilizam termos técnicos oriundos da teoria da música. Estas trovas mereceram a Mário de Sampayo Ribeiro (na década de 1940) e a João de Freitas Branco (bastante mais tarde) comentários ou referências breves, mas permanecem em geral desconhecidas e inexploradas.2 Uma das secções do Cancioneiro mais ricas, deste ponto de vista, é aquela que transmite, numa seqüência coerente, as trovas endereçadas a Dom Diogo, Duque de Viseu, tendo como tema uma cena de pancadaria ocorrida enfre dois cantores profissionais.

Escalation of conflict in FMCG industry: A negotiation case

This work project develops a case-study to be used in Negotiation courses, both in Masters programs and in executive education workshops. The case-study is based on a real-life negotiating situation in Belgium between Unilever, the second largest Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) company in the world, and Delhaize, one of the most important Belgium’s retailers, with a significant international presence. We also present an analysis of the negotiation based on relevant literature. First, a brief literature review is presented about how to deal with multiple-issue negotiations and how to deal with processes of escalation of conflict. These concepts are then applied to the analysis of the case-study.

Relatório de estágio e de investigação: introdução à prática profissional e as tecnologias de informação e comunicação na Escola Secundária João de Barros

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Ensino da Biologia e Geologia

Internet na educação: contributo para a construção de redes educativas com suporte computacional

Tese de doutoramento em Ciências da Educação

Contribuição para a caracterização geoambiental dos sapais do Estuário do Sado

Os estuários e sapais estuarinos são zonas húmidas que, devido à sua localização privilegiada e características únicas de riqueza natural, atraíram desde há muito populações que se fixaram nas suas margens, constituindo pólos de desenvolvimento e concentração de actividades humanas, sofrendo o impacte negativo da acção antrópica, principalmente durante o século XX. No presente estudo, cujo tema central é o ambiente de sapal do estuário do Sado (Península de Setúbal), apresentam-se resultados de um estudo sedimentológico e geoquímico de uma sondagem curta, recolhida no sapal do Faralhão (margem norte do estuário), visando contribuir para a caracterização geoambiental dos ecossistemas de sapal deste estuário e para a identificação da contribuição antrópica em metais pesados nos sedimentos vasosos estudados. Perspectivando uma aplicação pedagógica, apresenta-se uma proposta de estudo do sapal de Corroios (estuário do Tejo), composta por diversos materiais de apoio ao trabalho de campo e de laboratório, direccionados para alunos do ensino secundário. Com esta proposta, pretende-se contribuir para a sensibilização dos professores para a necessidade de, junto dos seus alunos, promoverem motivações que conduzam ao estudo dos ecossistemas de sapal, perspectivando a consciencialização da vulnerabilidade destes ambientes e a assumpção de medidas de defesa do património natural.

Moodle nas escolas portuguesas - números, oportunidades, ideias

Este artigo é principalmente o produto de um percurso pessoal de perto de 4 anos de trabalho com Moodle, em que tive a possibilidade de o usar do ponto de vista do aluno, professor, formador, administrador e membro de comunidade. Desde 2005, nos dois anos e meio em que trabalhei como bolseiro de apoio à gestão da iniciativa Moodle@FCTUNL, tive o privilégio de estar numa faculdade que o adoptou “organicamente”, e em contacto com pessoas que tiveram um papel importante na sua disseminação pelo menos a nível das escolas portuguesas, tais como Vítor Duarte Teodoro (FCTUNL), João Correia de Freitas (antiga CRIE e FCTUNL), Paulo Matos (eCRIE, FCTUNL, EDUCOM) e Rui Páscoa (EDUCOM). Pretendo aproveitar este privilégio e experiência para divulgar algumas impressões, perspectivas e dados sobre o Moodle, especialmente em Portugal, contribuindo com algumas ideias para a realização do potencial das escolas e das pessoas que a fazem (nós) e que vislumbro no uso desta ferramenta. Apresento assim inicialmente algumas preocupações face à falta de uma coordenação clara de esforços quanto ao uso efectivo do Moodle nas escolas portugueses, divulgando de seguida alguns indicadores genéricos do Moodle a nível internacional e nacional, com especial ênfase para o ensino público básico e secundário, de forma a contribuir para um ponto de situação nacional. Finalizo com algumas ideias do potencial que vejo no Moodle como “sistema operativo” das escolas, numa perspectiva de rede e envolvendo aspectos técnicos, de organização e gestão, currículo e pedagogia, avaliação e investigação e formação de professores.

Automatic learning for the classification of chemical reactions and in statistical thermodynamics

This Thesis describes the application of automatic learning methods for a) the classification of organic and metabolic reactions, and b) the mapping of Potential Energy Surfaces(PES). The classification of reactions was approached with two distinct methodologies: a representation of chemical reactions based on NMR data, and a representation of chemical reactions from the reaction equation based on the physico-chemical and topological features of chemical bonds. NMR-based classification of photochemical and enzymatic reactions. Photochemical and metabolic reactions were classified by Kohonen Self-Organizing Maps (Kohonen SOMs) and Random Forests (RFs) taking as input the difference between the 1H NMR spectra of the products and the reactants. The development of such a representation can be applied in automatic analysis of changes in the 1H NMR spectrum of a mixture and their interpretation in terms of the chemical reactions taking place. Examples of possible applications are the monitoring of reaction processes, evaluation of the stability of chemicals, or even the interpretation of metabonomic data. A Kohonen SOM trained with a data set of metabolic reactions catalysed by transferases was able to correctly classify 75% of an independent test set in terms of the EC number subclass. Random Forests improved the correct predictions to 79%. With photochemical reactions classified into 7 groups, an independent test set was classified with 86-93% accuracy. The data set of photochemical reactions was also used to simulate mixtures with two reactions occurring simultaneously. Kohonen SOMs and Feed-Forward Neural Networks (FFNNs) were trained to classify the reactions occurring in a mixture based on the 1H NMR spectra of the products and reactants. Kohonen SOMs allowed the correct assignment of 53-63% of the mixtures (in a test set). Counter-Propagation Neural Networks (CPNNs) gave origin to similar results. The use of supervised learning techniques allowed an improvement in the results. They were improved to 77% of correct assignments when an ensemble of ten FFNNs were used and to 80% when Random Forests were used. This study was performed with NMR data simulated from the molecular structure by the SPINUS program. In the design of one test set, simulated data was combined with experimental data. The results support the proposal of linking databases of chemical reactions to experimental or simulated NMR data for automatic classification of reactions and mixtures of reactions. Genome-scale classification of enzymatic reactions from their reaction equation. The MOLMAP descriptor relies on a Kohonen SOM that defines types of bonds on the basis of their physico-chemical and topological properties. The MOLMAP descriptor of a molecule represents the types of bonds available in that molecule. The MOLMAP descriptor of a reaction is defined as the difference between the MOLMAPs of the products and the reactants, and numerically encodes the pattern of bonds that are broken, changed, and made during a chemical reaction. The automatic perception of chemical similarities between metabolic reactions is required for a variety of applications ranging from the computer validation of classification systems, genome-scale reconstruction (or comparison) of metabolic pathways, to the classification of enzymatic mechanisms. Catalytic functions of proteins are generally described by the EC numbers that are simultaneously employed as identifiers of reactions, enzymes, and enzyme genes, thus linking metabolic and genomic information. Different methods should be available to automatically compare metabolic reactions and for the automatic assignment of EC numbers to reactions still not officially classified. In this study, the genome-scale data set of enzymatic reactions available in the KEGG database was encoded by the MOLMAP descriptors, and was submitted to Kohonen SOMs to compare the resulting map with the official EC number classification, to explore the possibility of predicting EC numbers from the reaction equation, and to assess the internal consistency of the EC classification at the class level. A general agreement with the EC classification was observed, i.e. a relationship between the similarity of MOLMAPs and the similarity of EC numbers. At the same time, MOLMAPs were able to discriminate between EC sub-subclasses. EC numbers could be assigned at the class, subclass, and sub-subclass levels with accuracies up to 92%, 80%, and 70% for independent test sets. The correspondence between chemical similarity of metabolic reactions and their MOLMAP descriptors was applied to the identification of a number of reactions mapped into the same neuron but belonging to different EC classes, which demonstrated the ability of the MOLMAP/SOM approach to verify the internal consistency of classifications in databases of metabolic reactions. RFs were also used to assign the four levels of the EC hierarchy from the reaction equation. EC numbers were correctly assigned in 95%, 90%, 85% and 86% of the cases (for independent test sets) at the class, subclass, sub-subclass and full EC number level,respectively. Experiments for the classification of reactions from the main reactants and products were performed with RFs - EC numbers were assigned at the class, subclass and sub-subclass level with accuracies of 78%, 74% and 63%, respectively. In the course of the experiments with metabolic reactions we suggested that the MOLMAP / SOM concept could be extended to the representation of other levels of metabolic information such as metabolic pathways. Following the MOLMAP idea, the pattern of neurons activated by the reactions of a metabolic pathway is a representation of the reactions involved in that pathway - a descriptor of the metabolic pathway. This reasoning enabled the comparison of different pathways, the automatic classification of pathways, and a classification of organisms based on their biochemical machinery. The three levels of classification (from bonds to metabolic pathways) allowed to map and perceive chemical similarities between metabolic pathways even for pathways of different types of metabolism and pathways that do not share similarities in terms of EC numbers. Mapping of PES by neural networks (NNs). In a first series of experiments, ensembles of Feed-Forward NNs (EnsFFNNs) and Associative Neural Networks (ASNNs) were trained to reproduce PES represented by the Lennard-Jones (LJ) analytical potential function. The accuracy of the method was assessed by comparing the results of molecular dynamics simulations (thermal, structural, and dynamic properties) obtained from the NNs-PES and from the LJ function. The results indicated that for LJ-type potentials, NNs can be trained to generate accurate PES to be used in molecular simulations. EnsFFNNs and ASNNs gave better results than single FFNNs. A remarkable ability of the NNs models to interpolate between distant curves and accurately reproduce potentials to be used in molecular simulations is shown. The purpose of the first study was to systematically analyse the accuracy of different NNs. Our main motivation, however, is reflected in the next study: the mapping of multidimensional PES by NNs to simulate, by Molecular Dynamics or Monte Carlo, the adsorption and self-assembly of solvated organic molecules on noble-metal electrodes. Indeed, for such complex and heterogeneous systems the development of suitable analytical functions that fit quantum mechanical interaction energies is a non-trivial or even impossible task. The data consisted of energy values, from Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, at different distances, for several molecular orientations and three electrode adsorption sites. The results indicate that NNs require a data set large enough to cover well the diversity of possible interaction sites, distances, and orientations. NNs trained with such data sets can perform equally well or even better than analytical functions. Therefore, they can be used in molecular simulations, particularly for the ethanol/Au (111) interface which is the case studied in the present Thesis. Once properly trained, the networks are able to produce, as output, any required number of energy points for accurate interpolations.

Uma Linguagem específica do domínio para uma abordagem orientada aos objectivos baseada em KAOS

Trabalho apresentado no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Informática, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

O percurso de São João de Deus - do valor da assistência à expressão da Azulejaria

No percurso da história da assistência em Portugal a figura de São João de Deus assume um papel ímpar.

Relatório de estágio de Mestrado em Ensino de Biologia e de Geologia no 3.º ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário

Relatório de Estágio Pedagógico apresentado, na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Biologia e de Geologia

Reresentações de S. João de Deus na Azulejaria da grande Liboa

Actas XVI Colóquio de História Militar : O serviço de saúde militar nas comemorações do IV centenário dos Irmãos Hospitaleiros de S. João de Deus em Portugal; vol. I - 2006 - p.489-494

Estudo da conservação de uma obra em sabão de João Pedro Vale

Departamento de Conservação e Restauro Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa.Dissertação de Mestrado Conservação e Restauro, Arte Contemporânea

Ciberativismo : como as novas formas de comunicação estão a contribuir para a democratização da comunicação

Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências da Comunicação, especialização em Estudo dos Media e do Jornalismo.

Task-based learning : fonte de sucesso e motivação na apredizagem de uma língua estrangeira

Relatório apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau Mestre em Ensino de Inglês e de Língua Estrangeira (Espanhol) no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário