Modelação numérica de um dispositivo pontual de aproveitamento de energia das ondas

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Modelação numérica de corpos flutuantes – extratores pontuais

Os conversores pontuais de energia das ondas baseiam-se no movimento de um flutuador. Neste trabalho modela-se a resposta de um corpo flutuante quando excitado por ondas regulares e irregulares. Ao contrário da engenharia naval, onde se pretende minimizar os movimentos de um navio face à agitação, na conversão da energia das ondas interessa que o comportamento do corpo flutuante seja ressonante. No entanto, ambos os problemas são modelados pelos mesmos modelos matemáticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é o desenvolvimento de um modelo numérico que permita conhecer o movimento do flutuador quando livre ou ligado a um sistema de conversão de energia Power Take-off (PTO). Nesta dissertação considera-se que o corpo tem apenas liberdade para efetuar movimentos de arfagem. A resolução numérica da dinâmica do extrator apoia-se na teoria linear, sendo nesta dissertação efetuada com recurso ao código comercial Ansys – AQWA, de utilização comum em problemas offshore. Numa primeira fase simulam-se situações para as quais existem resultados publicados na bibliografia, validando-se a metodologia utilizada. Posteriormente, estuda-se o comportamento do sistema de extração para ondas regulares e estados do mar típicos. Variam-se os coeficientes de amortecimento, elásticos e a massa quer do flutuador quer do sistema PTO, otimizando a extração de energia. Utilizam-se análises no tempo e na frequência. O estudo permitiu concluir que é fundamental, do ponto de vista da eficiência energética, que o sistema funcione com características ressonantes, o que é conseguido quando a velocidade do flutuador está em fase com a força de excitação hidrodinâmica. O ajuste da condição de ressonância é conseguida variando os coeficientes elásticos e massa do PTO ou a massa do flutuador.

O centro de arte colecção Manuel de Brito - Génese, desenvolvimento e perspectivas de crescimento da instituição

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Museologia

Verification of analog circuits in power-down mode

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Eletrotécnica e Computadores

Switching mode power amplifier for bluetooth applications

Modern fully integrated transceivers architectures, require circuits with low area, low cost, low power, and high efficiency. A key block in modern transceivers is the power amplifier, which is deeply studied in this thesis. First, we study the implementation of a classical Class-A amplifier, describing the basic operation of an RF power amplifier, and analysing the influence of the real models of the reactive components in its operation. Secondly, the Class-E amplifier is deeply studied. The different types of implementations are reviewed and theoretical equations are derived and compared with simulations. There were selected four modes of operation for the Class-E amplifier, in order to perform the implementation of the output stage, and the subsequent comparison of results. This led to the selection of the mode with the best trade-off between efficiency and harmonics distortion, lower power consumption and higher output power. The optimal choice was a parallel circuit containing an inductor with a finite value. To complete the implementation of the PA in switching mode, a driver was implemented. The final block (output stage together with the driver) got 20 % total efficiency (PAE) transmitting 8 dBm output power to a 50 W load with a total harmonic distortion (THD) of 3 % and a total consumption of 28 mW. All implementations are designed using standard 130 nm CMOS technology. The operating frequency is 2.4 GHz and it was considered an 1.2 V DC power supply. The proposed circuit is intended to be used in a Bluetooth transmitter, however, it has a wider range of applications.

Fouling of a drinking water system in relation to hydraulic circumstances and customer complaints

In a “perfect” drinking water system, the water quality for the consumers should be the same as the quality of the water leaving the treatment plant. However, some variability along the system can lead to a decrease in water quality (such as discolouration) which is usually reflected in the number of the customer complaints. This change may be related to the amount of sediment in the distribution network, leading to an increase in turbidity at the water supply. Since there is no such thing as a perfect drinking water system, the behaviour of particles in a drinking water network needs a suitable approach in order to understand how it works. Moreover, the combination of measurements, such as turbidity patterns and the Resuspension Potential Method (RPM) aid in the prevention of discoloured water complaints and intervention in the treatment upgrade or the network cleaning. Besides sediments there is also bacterial regrowth in the network, which is related to the water quality and distribution network characteristics. In a theoretical drinking water system higher velocities, temperature and shorter residences times lead to wider bacterial growth. In this study we observe velocity and residence steady-states and bacterial does not seem to be related to either. It can be concluded that adequate measurements of RPM, customer complaints and bacterial concentrations allow a wider knowledge on particle behaviour in drinking water systems.

Renewable Power Sources

Of all of the sources of renewable energies available one can argue that the most abundant and accessible are solar power, radiation, and the energy of the tides (70 % of the earth surface is covered by water). The tidal wave energy hasn’t seen a widespread distribution yet, mainly due to the lack of interest of the governments, most of the coastal areas of the world are exclusive responsibility of the governments, thus not easily open for private venture. Considering solar power, there exist two main fields of application, land based systems and space based systems. The former systems are still in a very embryonic phase, with Japan being the lead researcher in the field, with an experimental satellite-power station to be launched before 2010. Land based systems, on the other hand, are well studied, with major research and application programs in all known forms of solar power production. Given a minimum value of incident radiation, and applying the appropriate system, (i.e. power plant type), for any given area the solar power becomes an income-producing industry.

Chimpanzees Share Forbidden Fruit

PLoS ONE - www.plosone.org, V.9, e886

How human schematization and systematic errors take effect on sketch map formalizations

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies

Low-voltage low-power CMOS analogue circuits for Gaussian and uniform noise generation

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MAY 25-28, 2003, Bangkok, Thailand. (ISI Web of Science)

Power-and-area efficient 14-bit 1.5 MSample/s two-stage algorithmic ADC based on a mismatch-insensitive MDAC

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, pp. 220 – 223, Seattle, EUA

Low-power 6-bit 1-GS/s two-channel pipeline ADC with open-loop amplification using amplifiers with local-feedback

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, pp. 2258 – 2261, Seattle, EUA

New low-power 1.5-bit time-interleaved MDAC based on MOS capacitor amplification

15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, Malta

Análise do uso da energia na FCT-UNL (edifícios II, VII, VIII, IX e X) e estudo dos comportamentos relativos ao uso da energia

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia do Ambiente, perfil Gestão e Sistemas Ambientais

Electrical ageing studies of polymeric insulation for power cables (estudo do envelhecimento eléctrico do isolante polimérico de cabos eléctricos

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Engenharia Física - Física Aplicada pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia