Processo de formação e processo de desenvolvimento: contributo para a compreensão do processo de mudança de atitude num projecto de desenvolvimento rural integrado

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Educação: área de Educação e Desenvolvimento

Dos percursos de autoformação aos processos de transformação: uma produção singular de sucesso educativo em meio rural

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Educação: área de Educação e Desenvolvimento

Identidade do jovem rural confrontando com estereótipo de Jeca Tatu: um estudo qualitativo com os jovens da EFA Rei Alberto I

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Educação, na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa e do Diplôme d' Université François Rabelais de Tours

A escola de ensino fundamental rural no desenvolvimento do seu meio: um estudo comparativo

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Educação, na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa e do Diplôme d' Université François Rabelais de Tours

Evaluación del programa brasileno de biodiésel como fuente de desarrollo rural sostenible para la región semiárida del Nordeste de Brasil

Debido a preocupaciones ambientales y de abastecimiento de energía, se buscan alternativas renovables al petróleo. En 2004, fue lanzado, en Brasil, el Programa Nacional de Producción y Uso de Biodiésel con el objetivo de sustituir el diesel y fomentar la inclusión social de los agricultores familiares, especialmente de las regiones más pobres. El biodiésel representaría así una nueva fuente de renta y de desarrollo sostenible para las zonas productoras de oleaginosas. A partir del estudio realizado en la región Semiárida del Estado de Ceará, se observó que la baja remuneración de la producción agrícola y el reducido número de empleos generados hacen del mercado del biodiésel un suplemento de la renta familiar. Ambientalmente, la durabilidad se ve comprometida por el problema endémico de la sequía – agravado por el cambio climático – y las prácticas agrícolas tradicionales. Parece igualmente necesario fomentar los cultivos cuya producción, tradición cultural y uso potencial sean compatibles con la lógica de la agricultura familiar. En definitiva, el programa, a través del Sello Combustible Social, representaría un componente de una matriz de políticas para el desarrollo rural sostenible de la agricultura familiar, entre las cuales estarían la adaptación del sistema productivo y de apoyo y acceso a la tierra.

O desafio do desenvolvimento rural num contexto de mudança demográfica: Lezíria do Tejo 2001-2021

Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estatística e Gestão de Informação

Memórias da resistência rural no sul - Couço (1958-1962)

Numa aldeia do sul de Portugal, inscrita numa História que lhe granjeou uma reputação nas lutas contra o Estado Novo, utiliza-se a Antropologia para interrogar os mecanismos de transmissão da memória e a sua capacidade estruturante, com o pano de fundo das classes e da luta de classes. Entre uma memória colectiva que se universaliza em momentos de crise social e a emergência de conjunturas translocais, favoráveis a formas de luta locais, hibridizam-se métodos entre a antropologia e a história para acompanhar os quotidianos e os momentos de luta acesa no Couço, entre as eleições presidenciais de 1958 e as greves pelas 8 horas de trabalho em 1962.

Geography of the Information Society

All every day activities take place in space. And it is upon this that all information and knowledge revolve. The latter are the key elements in the organisation of territories. Their creation, use and distribution should therefore occur in a balanced way throughout the whole territory in order to allow all individuals to participate in an egalitarian society, in which the flow of knowledge can take precedence over the flow of interests. The information society depends, to a large extent, on the technological capacity to disseminate information and, consequently, the knowledge throughout territory, thereby creating conditions which allow a more balanced development, from the both the social and economic points of view thus avoiding the existence of info-exclusion territories. Internet should therefore be considered more than a mere technology, given that its importance goes well beyond the frontiers of culture and society. It is already a part of daily life and of the new forms of thinking and transmitting information, thus making it a basic necessity essential, for a full socio-economic development. Its role as a platform of creation and distribution of content is regarded as an indispensable element for education in today’s society, since it makes information a much more easily acquired benefit.”…in the same way that the new technologies of generation and distribution of energy allowed factories and large companies to establish themselves as the organisational bases of industrial society, so the internet today constitutes the technological base of the organisational form that characterises the Information Era: the network” (CASTELLS, 2004:15). The changes taking place today in regional and urban structures are increasingly more evident due to a combination of factors such as faster means of transport, more efficient telecommunications and other cheaper and more advanced technologies of information and knowledge. Although their impact on society is obvious, society itself also has a strong influence on the evolution of these technologies. And although physical distance has lost much of the responsibility it had towards explaining particular phenomena of the economy and of society, other aspects such as telecommunications, new forms of mobility, the networks of innovation, the internet, cyberspace, etc., have become more important, and are the subject of study and profound analysis. The science of geographical information, allows, in a much more rigorous way, the analysis of problems thus integrating in a much more balanced way, the concepts of place, of space and of time. Among the traditional disciplines that have already found their place in this process of research and analysis, we can give special attention to a geography of new spaces, which, while not being a geography of ‘innovation’, nor of the ‘Internet’, nor even ‘virtual’, which can be defined as one of the ‘Information Society’, encompassing not only the technological aspects but also including a socio-economic approach. According to the last European statistical data, Portugal shows a deficit in terms of information and knowledge dissemination among its European partners. Some of the causes are very well identified - low levels of scholarship, weak investments on innovation and R&D (both private and public sector) - but others seem to be hidden behind socio-economical and technological factors. So, the justification of Portugal as the case study appeared naturally, on a difficult quest to find the major causes to territorial asymmetries. The substantial amount of data needed for this work was very difficult to obtain and for the islands of Madeira and Azores was insufficient, so only Continental Portugal was considered for this study. In an effort to understand the various aspects of the Geography of the Information Society and bearing in mind the increasing generalised use of information technologies together with the range of technologies available for the dissemination of information, it is important to: (i) Reflect on the geography of the new socio-technological spaces. (ii) Evaluate the potential for the dissemination of information and knowledge through the selection of variables that allow us to determine the dynamic of a given territory or region; (iii) Define a Geography of the Information Society in Continental Portugal.

Internet Geography: New Spaces of Information

The objective of great investments in telecommunication networks is to approach economies and put an end to the asymmetries. The most isolated regions could be the beneficiaries of this new technological investments wave disseminating trough the territories. The new economic scenarios created by globalisation make high capacity backbones and coherent information society polity, two instruments that could change regions fate and launch them in to an economic development context. Technology could bring international projection to services or products and could be the differentiating element between a national and an international economic strategy. So, the networks and its fluxes are becoming two of the most important variables to the economies. Measuring and representing this new informational accessibility, mapping new communities, finding new patterns and localisation models, could be today’s challenge. In the physical and real space, location is defined by two or three geographical co-ordinates. In the network virtual space or in cyberspace, geography seems incapable to define location, because it doesn’t have a good model. Trying to solve the problem and based on geographical theories and concepts, new fields of study came to light. The Internet Geography, Cybergeography or Geography of Cyberspace are only three examples. In this paper and using Internet Geography and informational cartography, it was possible to observe and analyse the spacialisation of the Internet phenomenon trough the distribution of the IP addresses in the Portuguese territory. This work shows the great potential and applicability of this indicator to Internet dissemination and regional development studies. The Portuguese territory is seen in a completely new form: the IP address distribution of Country Code Top Level Domains (.pt) could show new regional hierarchies. The spatial concentration or dispersion of top level domains seems to be a good instrument to reflect the info-structural dynamic and economic development of a territory, especially at regional level.

Internet Geography: Spaces of Innovation

Information Society plays an important role in all kinds of human activity, inducing new forms of economic and social organization and creating knowledge. Over the last twenty years of the 20th century, large investments in telecommunication networks were made to approach economies and put an end to the asymmetries. The most isolated regions were the beneficiaries of this new technological investment’s wave disseminating trough the territories. The new economic scenarios created by globalisation make high capacity backbones and coherent information society polity, two instruments that could change regions fate and launch them in to an economic development context. Technology could bring international projection to services, products and could be the differentiating element between a national and an international economic strategy. So, the networks and its fluxes are becoming two of the most important variables to the economies. Measuring and representing this new informational accessibility, mapping new communities, finding new patterns and localisation models, could be today’s challenge. In the physical/real space, location is defined by two or three geographical co-ordinates. In the network/virtual space or in cyberspace, geography seems incapable to define location, because it doesn’t have a good model. Trying to solve the problem and based on geographical theories and concepts, new fields of study came to light. Internet Geography is one example. In this paper and using Internet Geography and informational cartography, it was possible to observe and analyse the spacialisation of the Internet phenomenon trough the distribution of the IP addresses in the Portuguese territory. This work shows the great potential and applicability of this indicator to regional development studies, and at the same time. The IP address distribution of Country Code Top Level Domains (.pt for Portugal) could show the same economic patterns, reflecting territorial inflexibility or, by opposition, new regional hierarchies. The spatial concentration or dispersion of top level domains seems to be a good instrument to analyse the info-structural dynamic and economic development of a territory, especially at regional level. At the same time it shows that information technologies are essential to innovation and competitive advantage.

Política de desenvolvimento rural na União Europeia: agricultura, ambiente e território

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ordenamento do Território e Planeamento Ambiental

Knowledge Society and Geography: A Theoretical Approach

The transition process between information and knowledge is faster and so the inputs that influence social and political practises. The dissemination of information is now determinant in terms of territorial competitiveness and both public and private sector take large benefits when the data-information- knowledge value chain repeats itself trough space and time. Mankind depends nowadays on the creation and diffusion of good and reliable information. Speed is also important and the greater the speed, the faster the opportunities for global markets. Information must be an input for knowledge and obviously for decision. So, the power of information is unquestionable. This paper focuses on concepts like information, knowledge and other, more geographical and tries to explain how territories change from real to virtual. Knowledge society appears on an evolutional context in which information dissemination is wider and technological potential overwrites traditional notions of Geography. To understand the mutations over the territories, the causes and the consequences emerges the Geography of the Knowledge Society, a new discipline inside Geography with a special concern about modern society and socio-economical developing models.

Cultura tradicional e meio rural

pp. 99-119

Geodupa - a geography-driven partial membership algorithm

Trabalho apresentado no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Informática, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Promoção da saúde oral: uma experiência de prevenção de cárie num concelho rural

Resumo: A cárie dentária, um problema que tem atingido populações em grande parte do mundo, é a doença de maior prevalência da cavidade oral, gerando graves consequências económicas e sociais. Esta doença tem sido estudada ao longo do tempo em diferentes países com o emprego de diversos índices, geralmente para o estudo da sua prevalência, a avaliação de medidas preventivas e o adequado planeamento das acções e serviços de saúde oral. O objectivo deste Projecto foi determinar se a escovagem quando realizada na escola com pasta fluoretada, e supervisionada pelos professores, duas vezes por dia, seria ou não eficaz na diminuição das populações microbianas de Streptococcus mutans e Lactobacillus e na consequente diminuição da incidência de cárie dentária. Material e métodos: Foram seleccionadas todas as crianças (universo = 178), com idades compreendidas entre os 5, 6 e 7 anos, residentes no Concelho de Aljustrel e a frequentar o pré-escolar e o primeiro ciclo do ensino básico oficial. Foi realizada a escovagem bi-diária com pasta fluoretada a 500 ppm F-, na escola, segundo o método de Bass modificado, supervisionado pelos professores titulares de turma, que tiveram formação da técnica de escovagem utilizada. Durante os 3 anos de estudo foram realizadas 6 observações dentárias e recolhas salivares para contagem de Streptococcus mutans e Lactobacillus e avaliação da capacidade tampão da saliva. Resultados: O grupo de estudo no início da intervenção apresentava valores dos índices de cárie dentária mais elevados do que os do grupo de controlo (mais 0,109 no CPO-S, 0,0749 no CPO-D, 1,505 no cpo-s e 0,831 no cpo-d), porém sem diferenças de significância estatística. A análise estatística dos resultados não veio confirmar este pressuposto uma vez que o grupo de estudo apresentou um aumento percentual ligeiramente maior do índice CPO-D (12,5%) do que o grupo de controlo (11,6%). Para além deste aspecto, ao contrário do que seria de esperar, não foi possível detectar nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significativa em nenhum dos índices de cárie dentária (cpo-s, cpo-d, CPO-S e CPO-D) entre o grupo de estudo e grupo de controlo entre a 1ª e última observação.Ainda que os resultados do estudo aqui apresentado tenham ficado aquém do esperado, deveria ser efectuada a escovagem diária na escola, uma vez por dia, com pasta fluoretada a 1000 ppm F-, atendendo a que esta medida contribui para a promoção da saúde e prevenção da doença e é facilitadora da construção de estilos de vida saudáveis.-------ABSTRACT: Dental caries, a problem that has affected populations worldwide, is one of the most prevalent diseases of the oral cavity, causing severe economic and social consequences. This disease has been studied over time in different countries with the use of various indices, usually for the knowledge of its prevalence, evaluation of preventive measures and appropriate planning of actions and oral services. The aim of this study was to determine whether toothbrushing when performed in schools, with fluoride toothpaste, and supervised by teachers twice a day, was effective in reducing microbial populations of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus with consequent reduction in the incidence of dental caries. Material and Methods: All children aged 5, 6, and 7 years, from Aljustrel County, attending official pre-school and first cycle of basic educatio were selected. Toothbrushing was performed twice a day with toothpaste with 500 ppm F-,in the school, according to the modified Bass method, supervised by professors in the class, who were trained in the brushing technique used. During the study period were performed 6 observations of the dental status, and were also collected saliva for the count of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus, and assessment of buffering capacity of saliva. Results: The study group at the beginning of the intervention had higher values of dental caries than the control group (more than 0,109 in DMF-S, 0, 0749 in DMF, dmf-s 1,505 and 0,831 in dmf-t) although without statistical significance. The expected results were not confirmed, since the study group had a slightly higher percentage increase of the DMF-T (12,5%) than the control group (11,6%). Apart from that, contrary to what one would expect, we could not detect any statistical significant difference in any of the indices of dental caries (dmf-s, dmf-t and DMF-S, DMF-T) between the study and the control group in all study periods. Although the study results were not has expected, toothbrushing should be performed daily at school, once a day with fluoride toothpaste with 1000 ppm F-, since this measure contributes to health promotion and disease prevention and encourages healthy lifestyles.