Decisions of technology innovation: the role of indicators

This work presents research conducted to understand the role of indicators in decisions of technology innovation. A gap was detected in the literature of innovation and technology assessment about the use and influence of indicators in this type of decision. It was important to address this gap because indicators are often frequent elements of innovation and technology assessment studies. The research was designed to determine the extent of the use and influence of indicators in decisions of technology innovation, to characterize the role of indicators in these decisions, and to understand how indicators are used in these decisions. The latter involved the test of four possible explanatory factors: the type and phase of decision, and the context and process of construction of evidence. Furthermore, it focused on three Portuguese innovation groups: public researchers, business R&D&I leaders and policymakers. The research used a combination of methods to collect quantitative and qualitative information, such as surveys, case studies and social network analysis. This research concluded that the use of indicators is different from their influence in decisions of technology innovation. In fact, there is a high use of indicators in these decisions, but lower and differentiated differences in their influence in each innovation group. This suggests that political-behavioural methods are also involved in the decisions to different degrees. The main social influences in the decisions came mostly from hierarchies, knowledge-based contacts and users. Furthermore, the research established that indicators played mostly symbolic roles in decisions of policymakers and business R&D&I leaders, although their role with researchers was more differentiated. Indicators were also described as helpful instruments to conduct a reasonable interpretation of data and to balance options in innovation and technology assessments studies, in particular when contextualised, described in detail and with discussion upon the options made. Results suggest that there are four main explanatory factors for the role of indicators in these decisions: First, the type of decision appears to be a factor to consider when explaining the role of indicators. In fact, each type of decision had different influences on the way indicators are used, and each type of decision used different types of indicators. Results for policy-making were particularly different from decisions of acquisition and development of products/technology. Second, the phase of the decision can help to understand the role indicators play in these decisions. Results distinguished between two phases detected in all decisions – before and after the decision – as well as two other phases that can be used to complement the decision process and where indicators can be involved. Third, the context of decision is an important factor to consider when explaining the way indicators are taken into consideration in policy decisions. In fact, the role of indicators can be influenced by the particular context of the decision maker, in which all types of evidence can be selected or downplayed. More importantly, the use of persuasive analytical evidence appears to be related with the dispute existent in the policy context. Fourth and last, the process of construction of evidence is a factor to consider when explaining the way indicators are involved in these decisions. In fact, indicators and other evidence were brought to the decision processes according to their availability and capacity to support the different arguments and interests of the actors and stakeholders. In one case, an indicator lost much persuasion strength with the controversies that it went through during the decision process. Therefore, it can be argued that the use of indicators is high but not very influential; their role is mostly symbolic to policymakers and business decisions, but varies among researchers. The role of indicators in these decisions depends on the type and phase of the decision and the context and process of construction of evidence. The latter two are related to the particular context of each decision maker, the existence of elements of dispute and controversies that influence the way indicators are introduced in the decision-making process.

An analysis of teachers' environmental concerns: use of a conceptual change model

Tese de doutoramento em Ciências da Educação

Development of Chitosan and Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Blended scaffolds for cell culture using supercritical fluids technology

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Química e Bioquímica

Design of a doctorate programme on technology assessment: A sabbatical leave project

The work agenda includes the production of a report on different doctoral programmes on “Technology Assessment” in Europe, the US and Japan, in order to analyse collaborative post-graduation activities. Finally, the proposals on collaborative post-graduation programme between FCTUNL and ITAS-FZK will be organised by an ongoing discussion process with colleagues from ITAS.

Information technology service management: an experimental approach towards IT service prediction

Dissertation presented to obtain a Masters degree in Computer Science

Unified cooperative location system

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática.

Learning with tangible interfaces

Trabalho apresentado no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Informática, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

The intersection of people, technology and local space. PPGIS and Web in practice for participatory planning

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies

Learning in higher education: strategies to overcome challenges faced by adult students – lessons drawn from two case studies in Portugal

This paper appears in International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education edited by Lawrence A. Tomei (Ed.) Copyright 2007, IGI Global, www.igi-global.com. Posted by permission of the publisher. URL:http://www.idea-group.com/journals/details.asp?id=4287.

Surveillance technology and strategy for management of Portugal's EEZ

EEZ International, Summer 2003, p. 43-47

Zonal distribution of gold and platinium group elements in the Mondunguara deposits Mozambique

The Mondunguara copper mines are situated in mountainous terrain in west-central Mozambique. The mineralization consists of chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, common pcntlandite, cobaltpentlandite, pyrite and several minor oxides and sulphides in tabular ore bodies deeping steep to the north. Gold was known to occur in small quantities but no systematic sampling and analysis for precious clements was ever done. Mineralogical and geological evidence has shown that the ores are magmatic in origin and were derived from gabbro-peridotitic magma dykes saturated in sulphides when intruded. The ore bodies show a clear zonation. Platinum group elements as well as pure gold are associated with high temperature hexagonal pyrrhotite. This pyrrhotite being of no use is generally discarded to the tailing dumps. Late hydrothermal phases are enriched in native silver, silver tellurides as well as electrum.

The idempotent-separating degree of a block-group

Semigroup Forum, nº76 (2008), pg.579-583

Microencapsulation technology: a powerful tool for human embryonic stem cells expansion and cryopreservation

Dissertation presented to obtain a Master degree in Biotechnology at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Gestão de bloco operatório : modelos de gestão e monitorização

RESUMO - A consciência de uma necessidade clara em rentabilizar a capacidade instalada e os meios tecnológicos e humanos disponíveis no Bloco Operatório e face ao imperativo de um cabal desempenho e de uma adequada efectividade nestes serviços levou-nos à realização deste estudo. Objectivos: O trabalho de projecto centrou-se em quatro objectivos concretos: Elaboração de uma grelha de observação de Modelos de Gestão de Bloco Operatório; Observação de seis Modelos de Gestão de Blocos Operatórios em experiências nacionais e in-loco, de acordo com a grelha de observação; Avaliação da qualidade gestionária na amostra seleccionada à luz dos modelos existentes; Criação de uma grelha de indicadores para a monitorização e avaliação do Bloco Operatório. Metodologia: Na elaboração da grelha de observação dos Blocos Operatórios recorremos a um grupo de peritos, à bibliografia disponível e à informação recolhida em entrevistas. Aplicámos a grelha de observação aos seis Blocos Operatórios e analisámos as informações referentes a cada modelo com a finalidade de encontrar os pontos-chave que mais se destacavam em cada um deles. Para a elaboração da grelha de indicadores de monitorização do Bloco Operatório realizámos uma reunião recorrendo à técnica de grupo nominal para encontrar o nível de consenso entre os peritos. Resultados: Criámos uma grelha de observação de Modelos de Gestão de Bloco Operatório que permite comparar as características de gestão. Esta grelha foi aplicada a seis Blocos Operatórios o que permitiu destacar como elementos principais e de diferenciação: o sistema de incentivos implementado; o sistema informático, de comunicação entre os serviços e de débito directo dos gastos; a existência de uma equipa de gestão de Bloco Operatório e de Gestão de Risco; a importância de um planeamento cirúrgico semanal e da existência de um regulamento do Bloco Operatório. Desenhámos um painel de indicadores para uma monitorização do Bloco Operatório, de onde destacamos: tempo médio de paragem por razões técnicas, tempo médio de paragem por razões operacionais, tempo médio por equipa e tempo médio por procedimento. Considerações finais: Os Blocos Operatórios devem ponderar a existência das componentes mais importantes dos Modelos, bem como recolher exaustivamente indicadores de monitorização. A investigação futura deverá debruçar-se sobre a relação entre os indicadores de monitorização e os Modelos de Gestão, recorrendo à técnicas de benchmarking. -------------------ABSTRACT - This study was driven by the need to optimise available capacity, technology and human resources in the Operating Room and to address the corresponding goals of adequate performance and effectiveness. Objectives: This project focuses on four specific objectives: development of an observation grid of operating room management models; in-loco observation and documentation of six national operating room, according to the grid; assess the quality of management in the selected sample relative to existing management models; create a set of indicators for monitoring and evaluating operating rooms. Methodology: The design of the observation grid was based on experts’ consultation, a literature survey and information gathered in various interviews. The observation grid was applied to six operating rooms and the information for each management model was analysed in order to find its key characteristics. We used the Nominal Group Technique in order to develop a set of indicators for monitoring and evaluating operating rooms. Results: An observation grid was created for operating rooms management models, which allowed comparing management characteristics. This grid was applied to six operating rooms allowing disentangle its main features and differentiating characteristics: implementation of incentive systems; IT systems including information flow between services; inventory and expense management; existence of a management team and effective risk management; importance of weekly planning and regulations. We designed a set control indicators, whose major characteristics are the following: the average down time due to technical reasons, the average down time due to operational reasons, the average time per team and the average time per procedure. Final Conclusions: Operating rooms should consider the most relevant characteristics of management models and collect exhaustive information on control indicators. Future research should be devoted to assessing the operating room performance according to management models, using control indicators and benchmarking techniques.

Uma extensão da representação de Munn e o grau de separação dos idempotentes de um block-group

Actas do Encontro de Algebristas Portugueses 2005, Braga, Portugal, Centro de Matemática da Universidade do Minho, (2006),p. 105-116