Abrigos com pinturas rupestres de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (Pala Pinta, Penas Róias e Cachão da Rapa). Paisagens, signos e cultura material

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arqueologia

Rede de turismo sustentável na região de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro

O turismo tornou-se um dos maiores sectores da economia a nível mundial. Tem a capacidade de relacionar os aspetos económicos, sociais, culturais e ambientais de forma a agir como uma força motriz para o seu reforço mútuo. É uma atividade económica relevante em regiões de baixa densidade. A problemática deste estudo está diretamente relacionada com o desenvolvimento local assente no turismo. A presente dissertação tem como principal objetivo contribuir para a criação, em Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, de um destino turístico capaz de trabalhar em rede. A região em estudo é de baixa densidade, com uma população envelhecida e socialmente deprimida. Contudo, pelas suas características endógenas únicas e pelos seus valores naturais e culturais, tem potencialidade para apostar num desenvolvimento assente no turismo. Com o objetivo de perceber o que estaria a condicionar o desenvolvimento da região, realizaram-se entrevistas e inquéritos a diferentes entidades: agentes políticos, agentes turísticos, associações de desenvolvimento local, agricultores e vitivinicultores. Através dos resultados obtidos verificou-se que na generalidade há consenso entre as entidades. Os principais obstáculos identificados em relação ao desenvolvimento local foram: evolução demográfica, rendimento médio mensal, interação entre entidades e apoio do poder local. As características mais valorizadas da região foram: paisagem natural e humanizada, património cultural, agricultura e gastronomia. Apesar da não interação entre entidades, as mesmas reconhecem as vantagens que podem resultar do trabalho em rede para o desenvolvimento local. Contudo, há temáticas em que é notória a divergência de opiniões, tais como: acesso a serviços de educação e saúde, a transformação do IP4 em A4 e a construção da barragem de Foz Tua. Os resultados permitiram concluir que, apesar de haver consenso sobre a importância do turismo e do trabalho em rede, o maior obstáculo ao desenvolvimento é a falta de interação e coordenação entre as diferentes entidades.

Wild species used in the traditional pharmacopoeia of Trás-os-Montes (Portugal)

XX Symposium of Brazilian Medicinal Plants & X International Congress of Ethnopharmacology. S. Paulo, Brasil.

Variabilidade ou Convergência? Análise Regional da Fecundidade em Portugal (1980-2009)

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Gestão do Território

Castor fiber na gruta do Caldeirão. Existência, distribuição e extinção do castor em Portugal

Beaver only had been found in Portugal in a Chalcolithic locality, the Vila Nova de S. Pedro castrum. It has now been identified in the Upper Paleolithic (Solutrean) from Gruta do Caldeirão, near Tomar. The species has been found recently at «Gruta do Almonda»; 4 teeth were collected in bed C, older than a Solutrean sequence (see Anexo for details). The species seems to have been rare, as it was also the case with portuguese Miocene Castoridae Enroxenomys minutus and Chalicomys jaegeri. If account is taken of the presence in the Middle Ages until Castille of words meaning beaver (relared to the popular latin Fiber/Biber), it is obvious that these animais still existed then. Such nouns were largely predominant over rhe rather erudite latin (greek deríved) words as Castor,-óris and derived ones, as it could be expected. This allowed us to recognize that veiro should be the corresponding word with Fiber affinities in archaic portuguese. It was previously supposed to mean only expensive furs then imported into Portugal. Indeed it was also a zoonym. Anywày, beaver should be scarce by XIIIth century since it is not included in the quite detailed price list imposed by the «Lei da Almotaçaria» from December 26, 1253 (see Quadro II). Toponyms in veiro and derived words (fig. 2; Quadro III) (plural, feminines, diminutives, inhabited places) give a resrrictive view of rhe Middle Age distribution. Some of them are certainly older than Portugal itself (firsr half of XIlth cenrury); others existed by the XIVth century bur were probably older. Some rare toponyms seem to be derived from the erudite latin Castor,-óris. Nothing suggests that these words were still in use as zoonyms during the Middle Ages. All toponyms are located in regions near rivers and other freshwaters ecologically suitable for beavers, so we can approximately retrace its former, Middle Age disrribution in Portugal (fig. 2; Quadro III). Most of them are locared in the Center-West and Northwest of Portugal, with a suitable c1imate (rainfall in general over 800 mílimerers per year); the only sure geographical exception is Veiros, in Alto Alentejo province, in a region with comparable precipitations and less dry climate conditions than mosr of the territories South of rhe Tagus. There are less and less of these toponyms towards rhe South and the inner part of the country, and they are enrirely lacking in all drier regions from Trás-os-Montes, Beira, Alentejo beyond Tagus' basin, and in Algarve. Nothing suggests beavers lived there, No post-medieval toponym is known, nor any reference after middle XVth century. No such locality was at, or close by to, any frontier. Hence the hypothesis of veiro (et al.} as meaning but points where expensive furs (supposedly known as veiros in general but without c1early saying from what animal they were obrained from) is to be discarded. During the Middle Ages, beaver discriburion concerned all the main river basins from Minho to Tagus ones. Quite rarefied in rhe XIIIth, the beavers may have disappeared from Portugal during the XVth century. Ecological requiremenrs restricted their former distriburion. Vulnerability to natural causes (i.e., severe drought) and to human pressure may have accounted heavily for this species' extinction. Last (1446) reference for Portugal known to us suggests the species was by then almost extinct.

Castor fiber na gruta do Caldeirão Existência, distribuição e extinção do castor em Portugal

Beaver only had been found in Portugal in a Chalcolithic locality, the Vila Nova de S. Pedro castrum. It has now been idenrified in the Upper Paleolithic (Solurrean) from Gruta do Caldeirão, near Tomar. The species has been found recently at «Gruta do Almonda»; 4 teeth were collected in bed C, older than a Solutrean sequence (see Anexo for details). The species seems to have been rare, as it was also the case with portuguese miocene Castoridae Enroxenomys minutus and Chalicomys jaegeri. If account is taken of the presence in the Middle Ages until Castille of words meaning beaver (related to the popular latin Fiber/Biber), it is obvious that these animals still existed then. Such nouns were largely predominant over the rather erudite larin (greek derived) words as Castor, -óris and derived ones, as it could be expected. This allowed us to recognize that veiro should be the corresponding word with Fiber affinities in archaic portuguese. It was previously supposed to mean only expensive furs then imported into Portugal. Indeed it was also a zoonym. Anyway, beaver should be scarce by XIIIth century since it is not included in the quite detailed price list imposed by the «Lei da Almotaçaria» from December 26, 1253 (see Quadro II). Toponyms in veiro and derived words (fig. 2; Quadro III) (plural, feminines, diminutives, inhabited places) give a restrictive view of the Middle Age distribution. Some of them are certainly older than Portugal itself (first half of XIIth century); others existed by the XIVth century but were probably older. Some rare toponyms seem to be derived from rhe erudite latin Castor, -óris. Nothing suggests that these words were still in use as zoonyms during the Middle Ages. All toponyms are located in regions near rivers and other freshwaters ecologically suitable for beavers, so wecan approximately retrace irs former, Middle Age distribution in Portugal (fig. 2; Quadro III). Most of them are located in the Center-West and Northwest of Portugal, with a suitable c1imate (rainfall in general over 800 milimeters per year); the only sure geographical exception is Veiros, in Alto Alentejo province, in a region with comparable precipitations and less dry climare conditions than most of the territories South of the Tagus. There are less and less of these toponyms towards the South and the inner part of the country, and they are enrirely lacking in ali drier regions from Trás-os-Montes, Beira, Alentejo beyond Tagus' basin, and in Algarve. Nothing suggests beavers lived there, No pose-medieval toponym is known, nor any reference after middle XVth century. No such locality was at, or close by to, any frontier. Hence the hypothesis of veiro (e: al.) as meaning but points where expensive furs(supposedly known as veiros in general but without clearly saying from what animal they were obtained from) is to be discarded. During the Middle Ages, beaver distribution concerned all the main river basins from Minho to Tagus ones. Quice racefied in the XIIIth, the beavers may have disappeared from Portugal during the XVth century. Ecological requirements restricted their former distribution. Vulnerability to natural causes (i.e., severe drought) and to human pressure may have accounted heavily for this species extinction. Last (1446) reference for Portugal known to us suggests the species was by then almost extinct.

Propriedades antioxidantes e compostos bioactivos em vinhos portugueses monocasta

Tem sido atribuída ao vinho a designação de alimento antioxidante, devido ao seu alto teor em compostos polifenólicos, pelo que o seu consumo moderado pode apresentar efeitos benéficos para a saúde do consumidor. Neste trabalho foram estudados 228 vinhos portugueses monocastas (190 tintos, 30 brancos e 8 rosés), produzidos em 8 regiões do país, (Alentejo, Algarve, Península de Setúbal, Lisboa, Tejo, Verdes, Dão e Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro) a partir de 12 castas tintas (Alfrocheiro, Alicante Bouschet, Aragonez-Tinta Roriz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Castelão, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Syrah, Tinta Miúda, Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira e Vinhão) e 6 castas brancas (Antão Vaz, Arinto, Chardonnay, Fernão Pires, Malvasia Fina e Verdelho). Estes vinhos foram avaliados quanto à sua composição fenólica por HPLC-DAD, propriedades antioxidantes (reacção de Folin-Ciocalteu, poder de redução férrica, FRAP e capacidade de sequestração do radical DPPH) e foram caracterizados por UV-VIS. Observaram-se correlações fortes entre as actividades antioxidantes dos vinhos e as suas características cromáticas, nomeadamente as suas absorvâncias a 420, 520 e 620 nm, mas também com as absorvâncias a 280 nm, 320 nm ou 360 nm que correspondem a compostos fenólicos não corados. As castas Alicante Bouschet e Petit Verdot destacaram-se quanto às suas propriedades antioxidantes, enquanto as regiões da Península de Setúbal e do Dão revelaram ter características que favorecem a actividade antioxidante dos vinhos nelas produzidos, por comparação com vinhos das mesmas castas produzidos noutras regiões. A análise de HPLC permitiu detectar 52 compostos fenólicos (17 ácidos hidroxibenzóicos ou derivados, 8 flavanóis ou procianidinas, 12 ácidos hidroxicinâmicos e 7 flavonóis) presentes na maior parte dos vinhos tintos analisados. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho evidenciam a complexidade de factores que determinam as propriedades biológicas e composição fenólica dos vinhos tintos, rosés ou brancos, e que incluem casta, parâmetros edafo-climáticos e características do processo de vinificação.

Anomaly diagnosis in ceramic claddings by thermography - A review

With the increasing importance given to building rehabilitation comes the need to create simple, fast and non-destructive testing methods (NDT) to identify problems and for anomaly diagnosis. Ceramic tiles are one of the most typical kinds of exterior wall cladding in several countries; the earliest known examples are Egyptian dating from 4000 BC. This type of building facade coating, though being quite often used in due to its aesthetic and architectural characteristics, is one of the most complex that can be applied given the several parts from which it is composed; hence, it is also one of the most difficult to correctly diagnose with expeditious methods. The detachment of ceramic wall tiles is probably the most common and difficult to identify anomaly associated with this kind of cladding and it is also definitely the one that can compromise security the most. Thus, it is necessary to study a process of inspection more efficient and economic than the currently used which often consist in semi-destructive methods (the most common is the pull off test), that can only be used in a small part of the building at a time, allowing some assumptions of what can the rest of the cladding be like. Infrared thermography (IRT) is a NDT with a wide variety of applications in building inspection that is becoming commonly used to identify anomalies related with thermal variations in the inspected surfaces. Few authors have studied the application of IRT in anomalies associated with ceramic claddings claiming that the presence of air or water beneath the superficial layer will influence the heat transfer in a way that can be detected in both a qualitative and a quantitative way by the thermal camera, providing information about the state of the wall in a much broad area per trial than other methods commonly used nowadays. This article intends to present a review of the state of art of this NDT and its potentiality in becoming a more efficient way to diagnose anomalies in ceramic wall claddings.

Conocimientos acerca de plantas en la nueva ruralidad. Cambio social e agro ecología en en Parque Natural de Montesinho (Portugal)

Perifèria. Revista de recerca i formació en antropologia, N.10

Flora aromática e medicinal do nordeste português: espécies, usos e saberes da Terra-Fria Transmontana

Actas do II Colóquio Nacional de Plantas Aromáticas e Medicinais, Setembro 2007, pp. 68-78

Medicinal plants: Past and present uses in several communities from the North-eastern Portugal

XX Symposium of Brazilian Medicinal Plants & X International Congress of Ethnopharmacology. S. Paulo, Brasil.

José e Jacinta nem sempre vivem nos mesmos lugares: reflexões em torno de uma experiência de etnografia multi-situada

Ethnologia - Antropologia dos processos identitários, Lisboa

L'émigration en tant que processus de déplacement et de recomposition de l'habitat

Sociedade e Território - Enjeux sociaux et transformations du territoire, Nº Especial, Lisboa, p. 53-56

Ir à terra - mobilidade transnacional e construção de sedentariedades imaginadas

Relações sociais de espaço, homenagem a Jean Remy, Lisboa, org. Casimiro Balsa p. 199-218.

Estratigrafia e interpretação paleogeográfica do Cenozóico continental do norte de Portugal

Palaeogeographic and tectono-sedimentary interpretation of northern Portugal, in which previous studies (geomorphology, lithostratigraphy, mineralogy, sedimentology, palaeontology, etc.) were considered, is here proposed. Cenozoic shows different features according to its morphotectonic setting in the eestern region (Trás-os-Montes) or near to the Atlantic coast (western region, Minho and Douro Litoral areas). Although in the eastern region the sedimentary record is considered late Neogene, in some places Paleogene (?) was identified. This oldest record, represented by alluvial deposits, was preserved from complete erosion because of its position inside Bragança-Vilariça-Manteigas fault zone grabens. Later sedimentary episodes (upper Tortonian-Zanclean ?), represented by two allostratigraphical units, were interpreted as proximal fluvial braided systems of an endorheic hydrographic network, draining to the Spanish Duero Basin (eastwards); nowadays, they still remained in tectonic depressions and incised-valleys. Later on, eastern sedimentation becomes scarcer because Atlantic fluvial systems (e.g. the pre-Douro), successively, captured previous endorheic drainages. The proximal reaches of the allostratigraphic unit considered Placencian is recorded in Mirandela (western Trás-os-Montes) but the following fluvial episode (Gelasian-early Pleistocene ?) was already documented in east Trás-os-Montes, preserved in high platforms and in tectonic depressions. Placencian and Quaternary sedimentary records in the western coastal zone, mainly represented by terraces, are located in the Minho, Lima, Alverães, Cávado and Ave large fluvial valleys and in the Oporto littoral platform. In conclusion, northern Portugal Tertiary sedimentary episodes were mainly controlled by tectonics, but later on (Placencian-Quaternary) also by eustasy.