Anais de História de Além-Mar

FCT

Anais de História de Além-Mar

FCT

Anais de História de Além-Mar

http://www.cham.fcsh.unl.pt/ext/pages/publicacoes_anais.htm

História da língua portuguesa no Japão e as problemáticas do seu ensino

A presente dissertação aborda o ensino do português no Japão. Para tal, sentimos a necessidade de fazer uma contextualização, falando das relações entre Portugal e o Japão desde os primeiros portugueses a pisarem terras nipónicas até ao ensino da língua portuguesa na actualidade e problemáticas do mesmo. Iremos, ainda, analisar os conteúdos culturais de dois manuais de PLE e reflectir sobre a adequabilidade dos mesmos para aprendentes japoneses de língua portuguesa.

Anais de História de Além-Mar

FCT

Anais de História de Além-Mar

FCT

A caracterização do trabalho análogo ao escravo na jurisprudência dos tribunais brasileiros

Based on bibliographical research and the analysis of court rulings, this study investigates the characterization of slave-like labor by Brazilian courts. After the alteration of article 149 of the Brazilian Penal Code, introduced by Law nº 10.803/2003, which typifies the practice of contemporary slavery in Brazil, divergent characterizations of this practice remain. The courts currently employ the broadest concept of contemporary slave labor, in which the crime is characterized by the engagement in one of the following conducts established as a criminal offense: labor with the restriction of freedom, submission to exhaustive working conditions, degrading working conditions, and debt bondage. The engagement in one of the above is therefore enough to constitute a crime. Contemporary slave labor in Brazil is not characterized only by the restriction of the worker’s freedom, as in the case of forced labor or debt bondage, but also through the submission of the workers to situations that offend their human dignity. Individual freedom and the dignity of the human person, fundamental tenets of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, are juridical resources safeguarded by law. Contemporary slavery is not limited to the mere infringement of labor laws, but represents a severe violation of the human rights of the workers involved.

A Promoção da Cidadania no Ensino da História e da Geografia

O presente relatório descreve a Prática de Ensino Supervisionada (PES) inserida no Mestrado em Ensino de História e de Geografia no 3.º ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário. Esta prática desenvolveu-se em três turmas do 3.º ciclo do Ensino Básico da Escola Secundária Seomara da Costa Primo no ano letivo de 2013-2014. A Educação para a Cidadania é uma preocupação intrínseca ao sistema educativo no sentido de preparar os alunos para uma intervenção cívica ativa. No âmbito da PES, pretendeu-se que os alunos, nas aulas de História e de Geografia, adquirissem não só conhecimentos científicos mas também competências e atitudes que lhes permitam assumir o seu lugar enquanto cidadãos, com um papel crítico e interveniente na sociedade. Neste relatório faz-se uma breve contextualização do tema central desta prática: a cidadania; apresentam-se algumas das experiências de ensino-aprendizagem desenvolvidas com os alunos, e, por último, são enunciados os resultados de um pequeno estudo sobre as opiniões dos alunos acerca da importância da cidadania no ensino da História e no ensino da Geografia.

A consagração dos naturais

“One cannot analyse a legal concept outside the economic and socio-cultural context in which it was applied” – such is the longstanding thesis of António Manuel Hespanha. I argue that Hespanha’s line of argument relative to legal concepts is also applicable, mutatis mutandis, to legal agents: the magistrates, advocates, notaries, solicitors and clerks who lived and exercised their professions in a given time and place. The question, then, is how to understand the actions of these individuals in particular contexts – more specifically in late 18th century and 19th century Goa. The main goal of the present thesis was to comprehend how westernized and Catholic Goan elite of Brahman and Chardó origin who provided the majority of Goan legal agents used Portuguese law to their own advantage. It can be divided into five key points. The first one is the importance of the Constitutional liberalism regime (with all the juridical, judicial, administrative and political changes that it has brought, namely the parliamentary representation) and its relations with the perismo – a local political and ideological tendency nurtured by Goan native Catholic elite. It was explored in the chapter 2 of this thesis. The second key point is the repeated attempts made by Goan native Catholic elite to implement the jury system in local courts. It was studied in the chapter 3. Chapter 4 aims to understand the participation of the native Catholic elite in the codification process of the uses and traditions of the indigenous peoples in New Conquests territory. The fourth key point is the involvement of those elites not only in the conflict of civil and ecclesiastical jurisdictions but also in the succession of the Royal House of Sunda. It was analyzed in the chapter 5. The functions of an advocate could be delegated to someone who, though lacking a law degree, possessed sufficient knowledge to perform this role satisfactorily. Those who held a special licence to practice law were known as provisionários (from provisão, or licence, as opposed to the letrados, or lettered). In the Goa of the second half of the 18th century and the 19th century, such provisionários were abundant, the vast majority coming from the native Catholic elite. The characteristics of those provisionários, the role played by the Portuguese letrados in Goa and the difficult relations between both groups were studied in the chapter 6.