Mobile persuasive interfaces for public ambient displays

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Changing environmental behaviors through smartphone-based augmented experiences

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestrado em Engenharia de Informática

Interfaces for television content sharing and annotation

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Voting and Peer Effects: Experimental Evidence from Mozambique*

Voter education campaigns often aim to increase voter particpation and political accountability. We follow randomized interventions implemented nationwide during the 2009 Mozambican elections using a free newspaper, leaflets, and text messaging. We investigate whether treatment effects were transmitted through social networks (kinship and chatting) and geographical proximity. For individuals personally targeted by the campaign, we estimate the reinforcement effect of proximity to other targeted individuals. For untargeted individuals, we estimate the diffusion of the campaign depending on a proximity to targeted individuals. We find evidence for both effects, similar across the different treatments and across the different connectedness measures. We observe that the treatments worked through the networks by raising the levels of information and interest about the election, in line with the average treatment effects of voter education on voter participation. We interpret this result as a free riding effect, likely to occur for costly actions

Sentiment analysis on twitter for the portuguese language

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Opening Pousada da Serra da Estrela in Covilhã: A two-way impact analysis - interacting with private agents

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Enfermeiras Portuguesas na Alemanha. Análise de factores de influência nos processos de emigração e de integração

Devido às alterações demográficas na UE, o recrutamento de profissionais de saúde torna-se para muitos países uma estratégia para enfrentar situações emergentes de escassez neste sector. A experiência da falta de enfermeiros no serviço de saúde alemão e o crescente desemprego de jovens enfermeiros em Portugal deu início ao recrutamento por parte da Alemanha de enfermeiros portugueses. Esta investigação qualitativa pretendeu examinar os motivos individuais das enfermeiras que levaram a esta emigração e mostrar os processos de integração, ao nível social e profissional na Alemanha. O fio condutor da análise deste processo migratório, é o foco no papel das redes sociais e no recrutamento pelos empregadores alemães. Através da análise qualitativa de conteúdo das entrevistas realizadas com as enfermeiras portuguesas na Alemanha, confirmou-se que, ao lado de considerações económicas e profissionais, é especialmente o momento no ciclo de vida e o apoio da família no país de origem, os responsáveis pelo surgimento desta emigração. Em relação à escolha do país de destino, foram as relações sociais dos migrantes, nomeadamente a emigração dentro de um grupo de enfermeiros e a confiança transmitida pelo recrutamento directo dos empregadores que influenciaram fortemente a decisão. O contacto social no país de destino é determinado pela inserção em redes sociais com colegas compatriotas, disponibilizando capital social em forma de apoio emocional, mas ao mesmo tempo dificultando com a concentração na língua materna a criação de ligações fortes com a sociedade alemã. Face à integração profissional observaram-se certas práticas institucionais de recrutamento nomeadamente o investimento na aquisição da língua, como fundamentas pela satisfação profissional dos migrantes no país de destino.

Relating the spatial component and users interests to improve applications based on questions, petitions and participatory processes

Nowadays, participatory processes attending the need for real democracy and transparency in governments and collectives are more needed than ever. Immediate participation through channels like social networks enable people to give their opinion and become pro-active citizens, seeking applications to interact with each other. The application described in this dissertation is a hybrid channel of communication of questions, petitions and participatory processes based on Public Participation Geographic Information System (PPGIS), Participation Geographic Information System (PGIS) and ‘soft’ (subjective data) Geographic Information System (SoftGIS) methodologies. To achieve a new approach to an application, its entire design is focused on the spatial component related with user interests. The spatial component is treated as main feature of the system to develop all others depending on it, enabling new features never seen before in social actions (questions, petitions and participatory processes). Results prove that it is possible to develop a working application mainly using open source software, with the possibility of spatial and subject filtering, visualizing and free download of actions within application. The resulting application empowers society by releasing soft data and defines a new breaking approach, unseen so far.

Politicization of non-political events

Spatial analysis and social network analysis typically take into consideration social processes in specific contexts of geographical or network space. The research in political science increasingly strives to model heterogeneity and spatial dependence. To better understand and geographically model the relationship between “non-political” events, streaming data from social networks, and political climate was the primary objective of the current study. Geographic information systems (GIS) are useful tools in the organization and analysis of streaming data from social networks. In this study, geographical and statistical analysis were combined in order to define the temporal and spatial nature of the data eminating from the popular social network Twitter during the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The study spans the entire globe because Twitter’s geotagging function, the fundamental data that makes this study possible, is not limited to a geographic area. By examining the public reactions to an inherenlty non-political event, this study serves to illuminate broader questions about social behavior and spatial dependence. From a practical perspective, the analyses demonstrate how the discussion of political topics fluсtuate according to football matches. Tableau and Rapidminer, in addition to a set basic statistical methods, were applied to find patterns in the social behavior in space and time in different geographic regions. It was found some insight into the relationship between an ostensibly non-political event – the World Cup - and public opinion transmitted by social media. The methodology could serve as a prototype for future studies and guide policy makers in governmental and non-governmental organizations in gauging the public opinion in certain geographic locations.

Mobile image processing to support educational geometry games

The mobile IT era is here, it is still growing and expanding at a steady rate and, most of all, it is entertaining. Mobile devices are used for entertainment, whether social through the so-called social networks, or private through web browsing, video watching or gaming. Youngsters make heavy use of these devices, and even small children show impressive adaptability and skill. However not much attention is directed towards education, especially in the case of young children. Too much time is usually spent in games which only purpose is to keep children entertained, time that could be put to better use such as developing elementary geometric notions. Taking advantage of this pocket computer scenario, it is proposed an application geared towards small children in the 6 – 9 age group that allows them to consolidate knowledge regarding geometric shapes, forming a stepping stone that leads to some fundamental mathematical knowledge to be exercised later on. To achieve this goal, the application will detect simple geometric shapes like squares, circles and triangles using the device’s camera. The novelty of this application will be a core real-time detection system designed and developed from the ground up for mobile devices, taking into account their characteristic limitations such as reduced processing power, memory and battery. User feedback was be gathered, aggregated and studied to assess the educational factor of the application.

Produtos e serviços de informação nos websites das bibliotecas da Universidade de Lisboa: um contributo para a sua avaliação

A presente investigação visa verificar a oferta de produtos e serviços de informação nos websites das bibliotecas da Universidade de Lisboa (UL) e avaliar o impacto que as plataformas sociais, e as ferramentas disponíveis na Web, têm na sua gestão. Para tal adotouse uma metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica e de estudo de caso, através de um questionário, com perguntas abertas, e da técnica de observação direta dos websites. Assim, para além da revisão da literatura, para o processo de recolha de dados foi enviado um questionário por e-mail aos bibliotecários responsáveis e efetuada a observação dos websites através da adaptação de uma grelha de análise construída a partir do Guia de Boas Práticas de websites da Administração Direta e Indireta do Estado versão 3.0 de fevereiro de 2003. A utilização destes diferentes instrumentos visou obter dados de diferentes tipos, os quais proporcionaram a possibilidade de cruzamento de informação. Através da revisão da literatura e da observação e análise de conteúdos dos websites pretendeu-se: 1) demonstrar que as bibliotecas universitárias da UL podem ampliar as suas fronteiras e visualizar as possibilidades de inovar as suas atividades a partir da utilização e exploração das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, de um modo geral, e da Web 2.0 em particular, através de estratégias inovadores ao nível do marketing, com recurso às redes socias; 2) salientar o papel dos websites como elo de ligação entre a biblioteca e o utilizador; 3) verificar a utilização da Web 2.0 como forma de mudança na maneira como as bibliotecas oferecem e disponibilizam os seus serviços. Para esse efeito, identificamos e observamos as principais práticas e estratégias de marketing aplicadas pelas bibliotecas nomeadamente: weblogs, folksonomias, wikis, canais RSS e serviços Web de criação, edição e partilha e identificamos a cultura organizacional e de participação dos portais. Finalmente, apontamos alguns casos de boas práticas e algumas ferramentas e manuais da Web 2.0, que visam tornar a presença das bibliotecas universitárias na Internet, mais colaborativa antevendo uma oportunidade de desenvolvimento e melhoria de forma a ampliar a sua participação ativa na Sociedade da Informação.

Os movimentos sociais na era digital

A onda de protestos globais de 2011 reacendeu o debate sobre as potencialidades e limitações que derivam da incorporação de novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) por parte dos movimentos sociais. Que características diferenciam os movimentos sociais tradicionais dos contemporâneos? Quais os efeitos transformativos da apropriação das novas tecnologias por parte dos grupos de ação coletiva? De que modo as tecnologias digitais podem contribuir para o engajamento cívico e político? Esta dissertação pretende refletir sobre estas questões, através da análise de distintos casos de estudo onde que se incluem os mais mediáticos movimentos sociais dos últimos anos: a revolução tunisina e egípcia enquanto exemplos ilustrativos da “Primavera Árabe”; o caso islandês, onde as manifestações culminaram num inovador projeto de e-democracy; e o movimento espanhol 15M/Indignados, que mobilizou milhares de pessoas em prol de uma renovação do sistema democrático.

O poder dos media sociais no modelo de comunicação da World Cruising Club

O presente relatório descreve o trabalho desenvolvido durante o estágio na WCC (World Cruising Club), no departamento de Rally Control, que acompanha os diversos eventos da agência. Os serviços da empresa oferecem uma série de regatas à volta do mundo que dão, a quem participa, uma oportunidade de turismo diferente que inclui navegar, conhecer novos povos, países e culturas assim como muita diversão. O departamento do qual fiz parte, para além de toda organização do evento em cada destino visitado, desenvolve ainda projetos na área dos novos media com o intuito, não só, da promoção da empresa, mas também de mostrar às família e amigos dos participantes, que se encontram longe, onde os mesmos se encontram, as diferentes atividades e descobertas feitas em cada destino visitado. Procurou-se compreender quais as melhores estratégias de comunicação para a promoção desta empresa através dos novos meios de comunicação, recorrendo a conceitos do marketing digital, nomeadamente a promoção a partir das plataformas Facebook e Twitter.

O âmbito de aplicação material da legislação de proteção de dados pessoais e o tratamento de imagem por pessoa singular

Images have gained a never before seen importance. Technological changes have given the Information Society extraordinary means to capture, treat and transmit images, wheter your own or those of others, with or without a commercial purpose, with no boundaries of time or country, without “any kind of eraser”. From the several different ways natural persons may engage in image processing with no commercial purpose, the cases of sharing pictures through social networks and video surveillance assume particular relevance. Consequently there are growing legitimate concerns with the protection of one's image, since its processing may sometimes generate situations of privacy invasion or put at risk other fundamental rights. With this in mind, the present thesis arises from the question: what are the existent legal instruments in Portuguese Law that enable citizens to protect themselves from the abusive usage of their own pictures, whether because that image have been captured by a smartphone or some video surveillance camera, whether because it was massively shared through a blog or some social network? There is no question the one's right to not having his or her image used in an abusive way is protected by the Portuguese constitution, through the article 26th CRP, as well as personally right, under the article 79th of the Civil Code, and finally through criminal law, articles 192nd and 193rd of the Criminal Code. The question arises in the personal data protection context, considering that one's picture, given certain conditions, is personal data. Both the Directive 95/46/CE dated from 1995 as well as the LPD from 1998 are applicable to the processing of personal data, but both exclude situations of natural persons doing so in the pursuit of activities strictly personal or family-related. These laws demand complex procedures to natural persons, such as the preemptive formal authorisation request to the Data Protection National Commission. Failing to do so a natural person may result in the application of fines as high as €2.500,00 or even criminal charges. Consequently, the present thesis aims to study if the image processing with no commercial purposes by a natural person in the context of social networks or through video surveillance belongs to the domain of the existent personal data protection law. To that effect, it was made general considerations regarding the concept of video surveillance, what is its regimen, in a way that it may be distinguishable from Steve Mann's definition of sousveillance, and what are the associated obligations in order to better understand the concept's essence. The application of the existent laws on personal data protection to images processing by natural persons has been analysed taking into account the Directive 95/46/CE, the LPD and the General Regulation. From this analysis it is concluded that the regimen from 1995 to 1998 is out of touch with reality creating an absence of legal shielding in the personal data protection law, a flaw that doesn't exist because compensated by the right to image as a right to personality, that anyway reveals the inability of the Portuguese legislator to face the new technological challenges. It is urgent to legislate. A contrary interpretation will evidence the unconstitutionality of several rules on the LPD due to the obligations natural persons are bound to that violate the right to the freedom of speech and information, which would be inadequate and disproportionate. Considering the recently approved General Regulation and in the case it becomes the final version, the use for natural person of video surveillance of private spaces, Google Glass (in public and private places) and other similar gadgets used to recreational purposes, as well as social networks are subject to its regulation only if the images are shared without limits or existing commercial purposes. Video surveillance of public spaces in all situations is subject to General Regulation provisions.

Crowdfunding

Crowdfunding, as we know it today, is a very recent activity that was born almost accidentally in the end of the 90’s decade. Due to the advent of the internet and the social networks, entrepreneurs are now able to promote their projects to a very large community. Whether it is composed by family, friends, acquaintances or simply people that are interested in the same topic or share the passion, the community is able to fund new ventures by individually investing modest amounts of money. In return, the entrepreneur can offer symbolic rewards, shares or other financial returns. New crowdfunding platforms are born almost every day all over the world, offering a new way of raising capital for their projects or a new way to invest their money in innovative ventures. Although crowdfunding is still finding its place in the financial services, successful cases such as Kickstarter demonstrate the power of the crowd in boosting creativity and productivity, financing thousands of projects by raising millions of dollars from thousands of investors. Due to regulatory restrictions, the most prominent model for now is reward-based crowdfunding, where the investors are prized with symbolic returns or privileged access to the products or services offered by the entrepreneurs. Other models such as peer-to-peer lending are also surging, allowing borrowers access to capital at a lower cost compared to so-called traditional financial institutions, and offering lenders a higher rate of return. But when it comes to offering shares to investors, i.e. using equity-based crowdfunding, entrepreneurs face regulatory obstacles in almost every country, where legislation was passed decades ago with the objective of promoting financially-capable ventures and protecting investors. Access to capital has become more difficult after the global economic recession of 2008, and for most countries it will not get easier in the near future, leaving start-ups and small enterprises with few options to start or expand their operations. In this study we attempt to answer the following research questions: how has equity-based crowdfunding evolved since its creation? Where and how has equity-based crowdfunding been implemented so far? What are the constraints and opportunities for implementing equity-crowdfunding in the world, and more particularly in Portugal? Finally, we will discuss the risks of crowdfunding and reflect on the future of this industry.