A caracterização do trabalho análogo ao escravo na jurisprudência dos tribunais brasileiros

Based on bibliographical research and the analysis of court rulings, this study investigates the characterization of slave-like labor by Brazilian courts. After the alteration of article 149 of the Brazilian Penal Code, introduced by Law nº 10.803/2003, which typifies the practice of contemporary slavery in Brazil, divergent characterizations of this practice remain. The courts currently employ the broadest concept of contemporary slave labor, in which the crime is characterized by the engagement in one of the following conducts established as a criminal offense: labor with the restriction of freedom, submission to exhaustive working conditions, degrading working conditions, and debt bondage. The engagement in one of the above is therefore enough to constitute a crime. Contemporary slave labor in Brazil is not characterized only by the restriction of the worker’s freedom, as in the case of forced labor or debt bondage, but also through the submission of the workers to situations that offend their human dignity. Individual freedom and the dignity of the human person, fundamental tenets of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, are juridical resources safeguarded by law. Contemporary slavery is not limited to the mere infringement of labor laws, but represents a severe violation of the human rights of the workers involved.

O processo sumário e a reforma do Código do Processo Penal de 2013

The present work aims to develop the theme "The summary procedure and the reform of 2013". The purpose of its analysis serves the interest to understand the virtues and disadvantages of the changes introduced by Act n.º 20/2013 to our Code of Criminal Procedure, and the main focus of the present reflection is to further the impact of the measures taken by the legislator to the summary proceedings. The opening of the most serious crimes to summary procedure is a reform measure duly highlighted because it is a true innovation in the Portuguese penal system. Therefore, it urges to analyse not only the consequences of this measure, as well as if the objectives of its introduction in the summary procedure system are met. It should be noted that the legislator intends to promote speedy trial, and at the same time, ensure compliance with the Constitutional rights associated to the accused. At this point it is important to realize if there is a restriction of the accused essential guarantees. On the other hand, it should be noted that the typical characteristics of summary proceedings might have been invariably modified, due to the innovative aspect of the reform. That said, the changes might have fostered a mischaracterization of the typical format of the summary procedure, both in terms of the nature of the proceedings and in terms of its space and objectives within the penal system. Reflecting on the above will provide a deeper understanding of the volatile balance between the Portuguese governing prosecution efficiency and the Constitution, as well as the future of the criminal policy in Portugal.

Os direitos dos animais

This work has the purpose of presenting the current state of the debate concerning animal rights, both in the Portuguese legal system and in foreign systems. In order to do so, it starts with an analysis of the evolution of the legal status of animals through History, and the status they have achieved in today’s legal systems. The aim of this work is to reflect upon the challenges that would result from a change of position regarding this subject, from the current legal classification as things, to a complete personalization based on the Constitution, or through the creation of a tertium genus between Men and things, that would stress the fact that animals are sentient beings.

Metodologia de gestão de projeto : proposta de implementação duma metodologia de gestão de projeto de tecnologia de informação para o Ministério da Justiça e dos Direitos Humanos de Angola

Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo propor uma metodologia de gestão de projeto de tecnologia de informação para o Ministério da Justiça e dos Direitos Humanos de Angola (MGPTI-MJDH), baseado nos conceitos e processos da gestão de projetos das Normas Portuguesa NPISO21500:2012 e NP4535:2014. Consistiu deste trabalho, definir os processos da gestão de projetos, os circuitos de informação para os processos e a elaboração dos documentos da metodologia. Para a sua elaboração foi utilizada uma metodologia de pesquisa de natureza aplicada, com uma abordagem qualitativa e um objetivo de pesquisa exploratório, que permitiu após a identificação dos objetivos específicos, fazer uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema. Para definição dos processos da metodologia (MGPTI-MJDH) foi feita uma análise das normas Portuguesas que através destas, identificou-se as boas práticas e criou-se uma proposta tendo em conta a realidade de Angola, os mesmos foram refinados com base nas entrevistas feitas pelo Diretor do Gabinete de Tecnologia de Informação do Ministério da Justiça e dos Direitos Humanos. Concluindo, o contributo e os benefícios deste trabalho consistem na melhor gestão de projetos de tecnologia de informação do Ministério de maneira a alcançar os objetivos estratégicos.