Estimating data divergence in cloud computing storage systems

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Personalization platform for multimodal ubiquitous computing applications

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Lor’s - Women personal rain protection solutions

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Narrative Bifurcation, Cloud Computing Interfaces and Hitchcok

From a narratological perspective, this paper aims to address the theoretical issues concerning the functioning of the so called «narrative bifurcation» in data presentation and information retrieval. Its use in cyberspace calls for a reassessment as a storytelling device. Films have shown its fundamental role for the creation of suspense. Interactive fiction and games have unveiled the possibility of plots with multiple choices, giving continuity to cinema split-screen experiences. Using practical examples, this paper will show how this storytelling tool returns to its primitive form and ends up by conditioning cloud computing interface design.

Personal Learning Environments – Um Ecossistema de Aprendizagem em e-Learning

Esta investigação tem como tema de estudo os ambientes pessoais de aprendizagem que se podem desenvolver em e-learning. Estes ambientes com características singulares, face ao atual estado de desenvolvimento tecnológico e social, têm sido designados na doutrina científica pela expressão anglo-saxónica Personal Learning Environments, da qual derivam os acrónimos PLE ou PLEs. Este estudo tem, como objetivo, compreender o papel dos PLEs na aprendizagem dos alunos da parte letiva do Mestrado em Gestão de Sistemas de e-Learning, da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, nos biénios que decorreram de 2010-2011 a 2012-2013. Estes alunos, ao longo da sua aprendizagem, utilizaram várias ferramentas e/ou serviços associados com as TIC e Web 2.0. Esta utilização permitiu aos alunos criarem um ecossistema de aprendizagem próprio. A metodologia de investigação utilizada teve em consideração sobretudo aspetos qualitativos. A estratégia utilizada para a recolha de informações foi o inquérito por questionário. As informações recolhidas foram sujeitas a tratamento estatístico descritivo, e posterior triangulação dos resultados de algumas das variáveis.Dos resultados obtidos, é possível concluir que os alunos do Mestrado criaram os seus próprios PLEs e que estes facilitaram as suas aprendizagens. Que a sua utilização conferiu vantagens aos alunos. Que os PLEs foram fundamentais para poderem desenvolver atividades colaborativas, e que criaram um ecossistema próprio, uma rede de troca de conhecimentos.

Optimization of breast tomosynthesis image reconstruction using parallel computing

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, being a major public health problem. Worldwide, X-ray mammography is the current gold-standard for medical imaging of breast cancer. However, it has associated some well-known limitations. The false-negative rates, up to 66% in symptomatic women, and the false-positive rates, up to 60%, are a continued source of concern and debate. These drawbacks prompt the development of other imaging techniques for breast cancer detection, in which Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is included. DBT is a 3D radiographic technique that reduces the obscuring effect of tissue overlap and appears to address both issues of false-negative and false-positive rates. The 3D images in DBT are only achieved through image reconstruction methods. These methods play an important role in a clinical setting since there is a need to implement a reconstruction process that is both accurate and fast. This dissertation deals with the optimization of iterative algorithms, with parallel computing through an implementation on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) to make the 3D reconstruction faster using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). Iterative algorithms have shown to produce the highest quality DBT images, but since they are computationally intensive, their clinical use is currently rejected. These algorithms have the potential to reduce patient dose in DBT scans. A method of integrating CUDA in Interactive Data Language (IDL) is proposed in order to accelerate the DBT image reconstructions. This method has never been attempted before for DBT. In this work the system matrix calculation, the most computationally expensive part of iterative algorithms, is accelerated. A speedup of 1.6 is achieved proving the fact that GPUs can accelerate the IDL implementation.

Personal advisors for business professionals: improving communication skills with online corpora

The business sphere is a multilingual world where foreign language communication skills are crucial in international relations. It makes employers look for business professionals who have a high level of linguistic competences. Language proficiency increases the chances of negotiation among partners. There are mainly two obstacles that make barriers in formal communication in a foreign language: lack of knowledge of specific linguistic structures or terminology and frequent transitions from one language to another. This paper contributes to the quest for quick access to a wide range of English, Spanish and Russian online databases that provide authentic language samples. Their application may improve communication skills and facilitate preparation for business discourse.

Using social semantic knowledge to improve annotations in personal photo collections

Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa (IPL) e Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL)apoio concedido pela bolsa SPRH/PROTEC/67580/2010, que apoiou parcialmente este trabalho

Identificação das práticas de inovação aberta nas parcerias estratégicas: avaliação realizada com prestadores de cloud computing

No atual contexto da inovação, um grande número de estudos tem analisado o potencial do modelo de Inovação Aberta. Neste sentido, o autor Henry Chesbrough (2003) considerado o pai da Inovação Aberta, afirma que as empresas estão vivenciando uma “mudança de paradigma” na maneira como desenvolvem os seus processos de inovação e na comercialização de tecnologia e conhecimento. Desta forma, o modelo de Inovação Aberta defende que as empresas podem e devem utilizar os recursos disponíveis fora das suas fronteiras sendo esta combinação de ideias e tecnologias internas e externas crucial para atingir uma posição de liderança no mercado. Já afirmava Chesbrough (2003) que não se faz inovação isoladamente e o próprio dinamismo do cenário atual reforça esta ideia. Assim, os riscos inerentes ao processo de inovação podem ser atenuados através da realização de parcerias entre empresas e instituições. A adoção do modelo de Inovação Aberta é percebida com base na abundância de conhecimento disponível, que poderá proporcionar valor também à empresa que o criou, como é o caso do licenciamento de patentes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as práticas de Inovação Aberta entre as parcerias mencionadas pelas empresas prestadoras de Cloud Computing. Através da Análise de Redes Sociais foram construídas matrizes referentes às parcerias mencionadas pelas empresas e informações obtidas em fontes secundárias (Sousa, 2012). Essas matrizes de relacionamento (redes) foram analisadas e representadas através de diagramas. Desta forma, foi possível traçar um panorama das parcerias consideradas estratégicas pelas empresas entrevistadas e identificar quais delas constituem, de fato, práticas de Inovação Aberta. Do total de 26 parcerias estratégicas mencionadas nas entrevistas, apenas 11 foram caracterizadas como práticas do modelo aberto. A análise das práticas conduzidas pelas empresas entrevistadas permite verificar algumas limitações no aproveitamento do modelo de Inovação Aberta. Por fim, são feitas algumas recomendações sobre a implementação deste modelo pelas pequenas e médias empresas baseadas em tecnologias emergentes, como é o caso do conceito de cloud computing.

Posicionamento do Brasil face aos países mais avançados em cloud computing

This study discusses some fundamental issues so that the development and diffusion of services based in cloud computing happen positively in several countries. For exposure of this subject is discusses public initiatives by the most advanced countries in terms of cloud computing application and the brazilin position in this context. Based on presented evidences here it appears that the essential elements for the development and diffusion of cloud computing in Brazil made important steps and show evidence of maturity, as the cybercrime legislation. However, other elements still require analysis and specifically adaptations for the cloud computing case, such as the Intellectual Property Rights. Despite showing broadband services still lacking, one cannot disregard the government effort to facilitate access for all society. In contrast, the large volume of the Brazilian IT market is an interest factor for companies seeking to invest in the country.

Knowledge management framework based on brain models and human physiology

The life of humans and most living beings depend on sensation and perception for the best assessment of the surrounding world. Sensorial organs acquire a variety of stimuli that are interpreted and integrated in our brain for immediate use or stored in memory for later recall. Among the reasoning aspects, a person has to decide what to do with available information. Emotions are classifiers of collected information, assigning a personal meaning to objects, events and individuals, making part of our own identity. Emotions play a decisive role in cognitive processes as reasoning, decision and memory by assigning relevance to collected information. The access to pervasive computing devices, empowered by the ability to sense and perceive the world, provides new forms of acquiring and integrating information. But prior to data assessment on its usefulness, systems must capture and ensure that data is properly managed for diverse possible goals. Portable and wearable devices are now able to gather and store information, from the environment and from our body, using cloud based services and Internet connections. Systems limitations in handling sensorial data, compared with our sensorial capabilities constitute an identified problem. Another problem is the lack of interoperability between humans and devices, as they do not properly understand human’s emotional states and human needs. Addressing those problems is a motivation for the present research work. The mission hereby assumed is to include sensorial and physiological data into a Framework that will be able to manage collected data towards human cognitive functions, supported by a new data model. By learning from selected human functional and behavioural models and reasoning over collected data, the Framework aims at providing evaluation on a person’s emotional state, for empowering human centric applications, along with the capability of storing episodic information on a person’s life with physiologic indicators on emotional states to be used by new generation applications.

From "Humanities and Computing" to "Digital Humanities": Digital Humanities in Portugal with a focus on Historical Research

In the following text I will develop three major aspects. The first is to draw attention to those who seem to have been the disciplinary fields where, despite everything, the Digital Humanities (in the broad perspective as will be regarded here) have asserted themselves in a more comprehensive manner. I think it is here that I run into greater risks, not only for what I have mentioned above, but certainly because a significant part, perhaps, of the achievements and of the researchers might have escaped the look that I sought to cast upon the past few decades, always influenced by my own experience and the work carried out in the field of History. But this can be considered as a work in progress and it is open to criticism and suggestions. A second point to note is that emphasis will be given to the main lines of development in the relationship between historical research and digital methodologies, resources and tools. Finally, I will try to make a brief analysis of what has been the Digital Humanities discourse appropriation in recent years, with very debatable data and methods for sure, because studies are still scarce and little systematic information is available that would allow to go beyond an introductory reflection.

Minimal computation structures for visual information applications based on printed electronics

In the early nineties, Mark Weiser wrote a series of seminal papers that introduced the concept of Ubiquitous Computing. According to Weiser, computers require too much attention from the user, drawing his focus from the tasks at hand. Instead of being the centre of attention, computers should be so natural that they would vanish into the human environment. Computers become not only truly pervasive but also effectively invisible and unobtrusive to the user. This requires not only for smaller, cheaper and low power consumption computers, but also for equally convenient display solutions that can be harmoniously integrated into our surroundings. With the advent of Printed Electronics, new ways to link the physical and the digital worlds became available. By combining common printing techniques such as inkjet printing with electro-optical functional inks, it is starting to be possible not only to mass-produce extremely thin, flexible and cost effective electronic circuits but also to introduce electronic functionalities into products where it was previously unavailable. Indeed, Printed Electronics is enabling the creation of novel sensing and display elements for interactive devices, free of form factor. At the same time, the rise in the availability and affordability of digital fabrication technologies, namely of 3D printers, to the average consumer is fostering a new industrial (digital) revolution and the democratisation of innovation. Nowadays, end-users are already able to custom design and manufacture on demand their own physical products, according to their own needs. In the future, they will be able to fabricate interactive digital devices with user-specific form and functionality from the comfort of their homes. This thesis explores how task-specific, low computation, interactive devices capable of presenting dynamic visual information can be created using Printed Electronics technologies, whilst following an approach based on the ideals behind Personal Fabrication. Focus is given on the use of printed electrochromic displays as a medium for delivering dynamic digital information. According to the architecture of the displays, several approaches are highlighted and categorised. Furthermore, a pictorial computation model based on extended cellular automata principles is used to programme dynamic simulation models into matrix-based electrochromic displays. Envisaged applications include the modelling of physical, chemical, biological, and environmental phenomena.

Progressivity in the Portuguese personal income tax system

This Work Project analyzes the evolution of the Portuguese personal income tax system’s progressivity over the period of 2005 through 2013. It presents the first computation of cardinal progressivity measures using administrative tax data for Portugal. We compute several progressivity indices and find that progressivity has had very modest variations from 2005 to 2012, whilst from 2012 to 2013 there has been a relatively stronger decrease, excluding the impact of the income tax surcharge of the years 2012 and 2013. When this latter is included, progressivity of 2012 and 2013 decreases considerably. Analyzing the effective average tax rates of the top income percentiles in the income scale, we find that these rates have increased over the period 2010–2013, suggesting that an analysis of effective tax rates is insufficient to assess progressivity in the whole tax scheme.

Improving Millennium Bank's personal finance manager

Double Degree