Environmental/Regatta Buoy: Telemetry and Configuration

A monitorização ambiental é essencial para a tomada de decisões tanto na ciência como na indústria. Em particular, uma vez que a água é essencial à vida e a superfície da Terra é composta principalmente por água, a monitorização do clima e dos parâmetros relacionados com a água em ecossistemas sensíveis, tais como oceanos, lagoas, rios e lagos, é de extrema importância. Um dos métodos mais comuns para monitorar a água é implantar bóias. O presente trabalho está integrado num projeto mais amplo, com o objetivo de projectar e desenvolver uma bóia autónoma para a investigação científica com dois modos de funcionamento: (i) monitorização ambiental ; e (ii) baliza ativa de regata. Assim, a bóia tem duas aplicações principais: a coleta e armazenamento de dados e a assistência a regatas de veleiros autónomos. O projeto arrancou há dois anos com um grupo de quatro estudantes internacionais. Eles projetaram e construíram a estrutura física, compraram e montaram o sistema de ancoragem da bóia e escolherem a maioria dos componentes electrónicos para o sistema geral de controlo e medição. Este ano, durante o primeiro semestre, dois estudantes belgas - Jeroen Vervenne e Hendrick Verschelde – trabalharam nos subsistemas de recolha e armazenamento de dados (unidade de controlo escrava) e de telemetria e configuração (unidade de controlo mestre) assim como definiram o protocolo de comunicação da aplicação. O trabalho desta tese continua o desenvolvimento do subsistema de telemetria e configuração. Este subsistema _e responsável pela configuração do modo de funcionamento e dos sensores assim como pela comunicação com a estacão de base (controlo ambiental), barcos (baliza ativa de regata) e com o subsistema de recolha e armazenamento de dados. O desenvolvimento do subsistema de recolha e armazenamento de dados, que coleta e armazena num cartão SD os dados dos sensores selecionados, prossegue com outro estudante belga - Mathias van Flieberge. O objetivo desta tese é, por um lado, implementar o subsistema de telemetria e de configuração na unidade de controle mestre e, por outro lado, refinar e implementar, conjuntamente com Mathias van Flieberge, o protocolo de nível de aplicação projetado. Em particular, a unidade de controlo mestre deve processar e atribuir prioridades às mensagens recebidas da estacão base, solicitar dados à unidade de controlo escrava e difundir mensagens com informação de posição e condições de vento e água no modo de regata. Enquanto que a comunicação entre a unidade de controlo mestre e a estacão base e a unidade de controlo mestre e os barcos é sem fios, a unidade de controlo mestre e a unidade de controlo escrava comunicam através de uma ligação série. A bóia tem atualmente duas limitações: (i) a carga máxima é de 40 kg; e (ii) apenas pode ser utilizada em rios ou próximo da costa dada à limitação de distância imposta pela técnica de comunicação sem fios escolhida.

HRM higher education in Europe

Higher education has earned in the recent years an increasing attention in Europe. European Higher Education Area (EHEA) is being developed, a three-cycle qualifications structure is formally in place, the principles of quality assurance are agreed, and a range of mobility instruments is being created. A European Qualifications Framework (EQF) is established (2008), and national qualifications frameworks in Europe should be all be published this year. In the HRM field, higher education is remaining largely unexamined. It is undertheorised and with lack of empirical research, especially if we consider the European reality. With the exception of Brewster et al. (2000) and Boxall et al. (2007), all the research published on the specific HRM higher education field seems to be American (Barber, 1999; Chadwick, 2005; Hayton et al.,2005; Kaufman, 1996, 1999; Langbert, 2005, 2000; Sincoff & Owen, 2004; Van Eyden et al., 1997; Wimbush 2008). This study analyses HRM higher education in Europe with the aim to identify the current trends of European HRM academic qualifications system. In order to provide strategic indicators on the subject, research was carried out in 14 European countries. The sample was constituted by the three cycles defined in Bergen (bachelor, master and PhD) and the primary information source was the Portal on Learning Opportunities throughout the European Space promoted by the European Commission (PLOTEUS). Within a qualitative methodology, qualifications’ structures, approaches, and competencies are explored as main analytical categories.

21st century quality: Looking into the “Crystal ball”

The discussion of possible scenarios for the future of Quality is on the priority list of major Quality Practitioners Societies. EOQ – European Organization for Quality (EOQ, 2014) main team for its 58th EOQ-Congress held June 2014 in Göteborg was “Managing Challenges in Quality Leadership” and ASQ - American Society for Quality (ASQ, 2015) appointed “the Future of Quality” for Quality Progress Magazine November 2015 issue. In addition, the ISO 9001:2008 revision process carried by ISO/TC 176 aims to assure that ISO 9001:2015 International Standard remains stable for the next 10 years (ISO, 2014) contributing to an increased discussion on the future of quality. The purpose of this research is to review available Quality Management approaches and outline, adding an academic perspective, expected developments for Quality within the 21st Century. This paper follows a qualitative approach, although data from international organizations is used. A literature review has been undertaken on quality management past and potential future trends. Based on these findings a model is proposed for organization quality management development and propositions for the future of quality management are advanced. Firstly, a state of the art of existing Quality Management approaches is presented, for example, like Total Quality Management (TQM) and Quality Gurus, ISO 9000 International Standards Series (with an outline of the expected changes for ISO 9001:2015), Six Sigma and Business Excellence Models.Secondly, building on theoretical and managerial approaches, a two dimensional matrix – Quality Engineering (QE - technical aspects of quality) and Quality Management (QM: soft aspects of quality) - is presented, outlining five proposed characterizations of Quality maturity levels and giving insights for applications and future developments. Literature review highlights that QM and QE may be addressing similar quality issues but their approaches are different in terms of scope breadth and intensity and they ought to complement and reciprocally reinforce one another. The challenges organizations face within the 21st century have stronger uncertainty, complexity, and differentiation. Two main propositions are advanced as relevant for 21st Century Quality: - QM importance for the sustainable success of organizations will increase and they should be aware of the larger ecosystem to be managed for improvement, possibly leading to the emergence of a new Quality paradigm, The Civilizacional Excellence paradigm. - QE should get more attention from QM and the Quality professionals will have to: a) Master and apply in wider contexts and in additional depth the Quality Tools (basic, intermediate and advanced); b) Have the soft skills needed for its success; c) Be results oriented and better understand and demonstrate the relationships between approaches and results These propositions challenge both scholars and practitioners for a sustained and supported discussion on the future of Quality. “All things are ready, if our mind be so.” (Shakespeare, Henry V, circa 1599).

Master's in autonomous systems: an overview of the robotics curriculum and outcomes at ISEP, Portugal

Robotics research in Portugal is increasing every year, but few students embrace it as one of their first choices for study. Until recently, job offers for engineers were plentiful, and those looking for a degree in science and technology would avoid areas considered to be demanding, like robotics. At the undergraduate level, robotics programs are still competing for a place in the classical engineering graduate curricula. Innovative and dynamic Master’s programs may offer the solution to this gap. The Master’s degree in autonomous systems at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Porto, Portugal, was designed to provide a solid training in robotics and has been showing interesting results, mainly due to differences in course structure and the context in which students are welcomed to study and work

Master's in Autonomous Systems: An Overview of the Robotics Curriculum and Outcomes at ISEP, Portugal

Robotics research in Portugal is increasing every year, but few students embrace it as one of their first choices for study. Until recently, job offers for engineers were plentiful, and those looking for a degree in science and technology would avoid areas considered to be demanding, like robotics. At the undergraduate level, robotics programs are still competing for a place in the classical engineering graduate curricula. Innovative and dynamic Master's programs may offer the solution to this gap. The Master's degree in autonomous systems at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Porto, Portugal, was designed to provide a solid training in robotics and has been showing interesting results, mainly due to differences in course structure and the context in which students are welcomed to study and work.

Optimal methodology for distribution systems reconfiguration based on OPF and solved by decomposition technique

This paper presents a new and efficient methodology for distribution network reconfiguration integrated with optimal power flow (OPF) based on a Benders decomposition approach. The objective minimizes power losses, balancing load among feeders and subject to constraints: capacity limit of branches, minimum and maximum power limits of substations or distributed generators, minimum deviation of bus voltages and radial optimal operation of networks. The Generalized Benders decomposition algorithm is applied to solve the problem. The formulation can be embedded under two stages; the first one is the Master problem and is formulated as a mixed integer non-linear programming problem. This stage determines the radial topology of the distribution network. The second stage is the Slave problem and is formulated as a non-linear programming problem. This stage is used to determine the feasibility of the Master problem solution by means of an OPF and provides information to formulate the linear Benders cuts that connect both problems. The model is programmed in GAMS. The effectiveness of the proposal is demonstrated through two examples extracted from the literature.

Supporting internet protocols in master-slave fieldbus networks

In this paper we describe how to integrate Internet Protocols (IP) into a typical hierarchical master-slave fieldbus network, supporting a logical ring token passing mechanism between master stations. The integration of the TCP/IP protocols in the fieldbus protocol rises a number of issues that must be addressed properly. In this paper we particularly address the issues related to the conveyance of IP fragments in fieldbus frames (fragmentation/de-fragmentation) and on how to support the symmetry inherent to the TCP/IP protocols in fieldbus slaves, which lack communication initiative.

Designing real-time systems based on mono-master Profibus-DP networks

Profibus networks are widely used as the communication infrastructure for supporting distributed computer-controlled applications. Most of the times, these applications impose strict real-time requirements. Profibus-DP has gradually become the preferred Profibus application profile. It is usually implemented as a mono-master Profibus network, and is optimised for speed and efficiency. The aim of this paper is to analyse the real-time behaviour of this class of Profibus networks. Importantly, we develop a new methodology for evaluating the worst-case message response time in systems where high-priority and cyclic low-priority Profibus traffic coexist. The proposed analysis constitutes a powerful tool to guarantee prior to runtime the real-time behaviour of a distributed computer-controlled system based on a Profibus network, where the realtime traffic is supported either by high-priority or by cyclic poll Profibus messages.

Queuing and routing in a hierarchical powerline communication system

Although power-line communication (PLC) is not a new technology, its use to support data communication with timing requirements is still the focus of ongoing research. A new infrastructure intended for communication using power lines from a central location to dispersed nodes using inexpensive devices was presented recently. This new infrastructure uses a two-level hierarchical power-line system, together with an IP-based network. Due to the master-slave behaviour of the PLC medium access, together with the inherent dynamic topology of power-line networks, a mechanism to provide end-to-end communication through the two levels of the power-line system must be provided. In this paper we introduce the architecture of the PLC protocol layer that is being implemented for this end.

Characterisation of noisy speech channels in 2G and 3G mobile networks

As the wireless cellular market reaches competitive levels never seen before, network operators need to focus on maintaining Quality of Service (QoS) a main priority if they wish to attract new subscribers while keeping existing customers satisfied. Speech Quality as perceived by the end user is one major example of a characteristic in constant need of maintenance and improvement. It is in this topic that this Master Thesis project fits in. Making use of an intrusive method of speech quality evaluation, as a means to further study and characterize the performance of speech codecs in second-generation (2G) and third-generation (3G) technologies. Trying to find further correlation between codecs with similar bit rates, along with the exploration of certain transmission parameters which may aid in the assessment of speech quality. Due to some limitations concerning the audio analyzer equipment that was to be employed, a different system for recording the test samples was sought out. Although the new designed system is not standard, after extensive testing and optimization of the system's parameters, final results were found reliable and satisfactory. Tests include a set of high and low bit rate codecs for both 2G and 3G, where values were compared and analysed, leading to the outcome that 3G speech codecs perform better, under the approximately same conditions, when compared with 2G. Reinforcing the idea that 3G is, with no doubt, the best choice if the costumer looks for the best possible listening speech quality. Regarding the transmission parameters chosen for the experiment, the Receiver Quality (RxQual) and Received Energy per Chip to the Power Density Ratio (Ec/N0), these were subject to speech quality correlation tests. Final results of RxQual were compared to those of prior studies from different researchers and, are considered to be of important relevance. Leading to the confirmation of RxQual as a reliable indicator of speech quality. As for Ec/N0, it is not possible to state it as a speech quality indicator however, it shows clear thresholds for which the MOS values decrease significantly. The studied transmission parameters show that they can be used not only for network management purposes but, at the same time, give an expected idea to the communications engineer (or technician) of the end-to-end speech quality consequences. With the conclusion of the work new ideas for future studies come to mind. Considering that the fourth-generation (4G) cellular technologies are now beginning to take an important place in the global market, as the first all-IP network structure, it seems of great relevance that 4G speech quality should be subject of evaluation. Comparing it to 3G, not only in narrowband but also adding wideband scenarios with the most recent standard objective method of speech quality assessment, POLQA. Also, new data found on Ec/N0 tests, justifies further research studies with the intention of validating the assumptions made in this work.

Cultural adaptation of websites: a comparative study of portuguese and dutch corporate websites

Master Thesis Presented at Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto for obtaining the Master’s degree in Digital Marketing under the supervision of Professor José de Freitas Santos

Balancing and lot-sizing mixed-model lines in the footwear industry

This report describes the full research proposal for the project \Balancing and lot-sizing mixed-model lines in the footwear industry", to be developed as part of the master program in Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores - Sistemas de Planeamento Industrial of the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto. The Portuguese footwear industry is undergoing a period of great development and innovation. The numbers speak for themselves, Portugal footwear exported 71 million pairs of shoes to over 130 countries in 2012. It is a diverse sector, which covers different categories of women, men and children shoes, each of them with various models. New and technologically advanced mixed-model assembly lines are being projected and installed to replace traditional mass assembly lines. Obviously there is a need to manage them conveniently and to improve their operations. This work focuses on balancing and lot-sizing stitching mixed-model lines in a real world environment. For that purpose it will be fundamental to develop and evaluate adequate effective solution methods. Different objectives may be considered, which are relevant for the companies, such as minimizing the number of workstations, and minimizing the makespan, while taking into account a lot of practical restrictions. The solution approaches will be based on approximate methods, namely by resorting to metaheuristics. To show the impact of having different lots in production the initial maximum amount for each lot is changed and a Tabu Search based procedure is used to improve the solutions. The developed approaches will be evaluated and tested. A special attention will be given to the solution of real applied problems. Future work may include the study of other neighbourhood structures related to Tabu Search and the development of ways to speed up the evaluation of neighbours, as well as improving the balancing solution method.