Contributo das tecnologias de informa����o na gest��o do regime terap��utico no diab��tico

A diabetes �� a doen��a do seculo XXI, atinge mais de um milh��o de portugueses cada vez mais jovens em idades trabalhadoras, e j�� custa mais de 1% do PIB, al��m dos enormes danos que pode causar ��s pessoas e �� sociedade. Segundo o Relat��rio Anual do Observat��rio Nacional da Diabetes, em 2011, cerca de um quarto da popula����o portuguesa integrada no escal��o et��rio dos 60 aos 79 tem Diabetes. Um estudo realizado pelo Lisbon Internet and Networks Institute (LINI), em 2010, diz-nos que ���a internet �� um recurso para a informa����o e educa����o para a sa��de���. Em 2010 49% dos lares portugueses possuem acesso �� internet e 44% da popula����o �� utilizadora (acr��scimo significativo relativamente aos 29% em 2003). Destes, dois ter��os t��m entre os 15 e os 24 anos. Os idosos representam 1,6%, dos quais os reformados e pensionistas representam 5%, as dom��sticas representam 11% e os trabalhadores manuais 22%, sendo estes os menos utilizadores. Um ter��o da restante popula����o procura informa����o sobre sa��de semanalmente, cerca de 16%. Face �� atual conjuntura econ��mica, com restri����es or��amentais, nomeadamente na ��rea da sa��de, devem-se encontrar meios para prevenir e lidar com a Diabetes numa perspetiva de custo-benef��cio, isto porque a Diabetes pode reduzir as oportunidades de emprego e de aprendizagem. O atual diretor da Organiza����o para a Coopera����o e Desenvolvimento Econ��mico (OCDE) Yyes Leterme diz que ���Prevenir e tratar a Diabetes e as suas complica����es custa cerca de 90 mil milh��es de euros anualmente na Europa���. Atualmente, n��o �� muito utilizado nem explorado o potencial das tecnologias de informa����o e as ferramentas web ao servi��o da sa��de, quer por profissionais de sa��de, quer por utentes na gest��o ao regime terap��utico na doen��a cr��nica, mais precisamente na gest��o adequada da Diabetes. Potenciar uma vis��o integrada dos diferentes recursos de comunica����o e a sua utiliza����o conjugada com a promo����o da sa��de e preven����o da doen��a poder�� enfatizar em termos de efic��cia e efici��ncia a minimiza����o de recursos das organiza����es de sa��de e promover a gest��o adequada da Diabetes. Tendo por base esta problem��tica, este estudo pretende abordar e refletir o poss��vel contributo das tecnologias de informa����o e das ferramentas web na gest��o adequada ao regime terap��utico da Diabetes.

SCADA House Intelligent Management for Energy Efficiency Analysis in Domestic Consumers

The implementation of smart homes allows the domestic consumer to be an active player in the context of the Smart Grid (SG). This paper presents an intelligent house management system that is being developed by the authors to manage, in real time, the power consumption, the micro generation system, the charge and discharge of the electric or plug-in hybrid vehicles, and the participation in Demand Response (DR) programs. The paper proposes a method for the energy efficiency analysis of a domestic consumer using the SCADA House Intelligent Management (SHIM) system. The main goal of the present paper is to demonstrate the economic benefits of the implemented method. The case study considers the consumption data of some real cases of Portuguese house consumption over 30 days of June of 2012, the Portuguese real energy price, the implementation of the power limits at different times of the day and the economic benefits analysis.

Real-Time Simulation of energy Management in a Domestic Consumer

Recent and future changes in power systems, mainly in the smart grid operation context, are related to a high complexity of power networks operation. This leads to more complex communications and to higher network elements monitoring and control levels, both from network���s and consumers��� standpoint. The present work focuses on a real scenario of the LASIE laboratory, located at the Polytechnic of Porto. Laboratory systems are managed by the SCADA House Intelligent Management (SHIM), already developed by the authors based on a SCADA system. The SHIM capacities have been recently improved by including real-time simulation from Opal RT. This makes possible the integration of Matlab��/Simulink�� real-time simulation models. The main goal of the present paper is to compare the advantages of the resulting improved system, while managing the energy consumption of a domestic consumer.

Domestic Consumption Simulation and Management Using a Continuous Consumption Management and Optimization Algorithm

The recent changes concerning the consumers��� active participation in the efficient management of load devices for one���s own interest and for the interest of the network operator, namely in the context of demand response, leads to the need for improved algorithms and tools. A continuous consumption optimization algorithm has been improved in order to better manage the shifted demand. It has been done in a simulation and user-interaction tool capable of being integrated in a multi-agent smart grid simulator already developed, and also capable of integrating several optimization algorithms to manage real and simulated loads. The case study of this paper enhances the advantages of the proposed algorithm and the benefits of using the developed simulation and user interaction tool.

A Learning Algorithm and System Approach to Address Exceptional Events in Domestic Consumption Management

The integration of the Smart Grid concept into the electric grid brings to the need for an active participation of small and medium players. This active participation can be achieved using decentralized decisions, in which the end consumer can manage loads regarding the Smart Grid needs. The management of loads must handle the users��� preferences, wills and needs. However, the users��� preferences, wills and needs can suffer changes when faced with exceptional events. This paper proposes the integration of exceptional events into the SCADA House Intelligent Management (SHIM) system developed by the authors, to handle machine learning issues in the domestic consumption context. An illustrative application and learning case study is provided in this paper.

HIV Voluntary Testing among Portuguese Women Attending Family Planning Clinics: Implications for HIV Prevention Education and Testing

Objectives: The aim of this article is to analyze the factors associated with HIV testing among 767 sexually active women. Methods: Participants were administered several self-report questionnaires that assessed behavioral and psychosocial measures. Results: Overall, 59.8% of the participants reported ever having tested for HIV. Results show that higher levels of education, being pregnant or having been pregnant, concern about AIDS, AIDS knowledge, self-efficacy in condom negotiation and perception of no risk in partner significantly predicted the likelihood of testing among women. Attending the mass was negatively associated with HIV testing. Conclusions: These findings provide information that can be used in the development of a focused gender sensitive HIV prevention program to increase HIV testing.