Using a cohesive damage model to predict the tensile behaviour of CFRP single-strap repairs

This work addresses both experimental and numerical analyses regarding the tensile behaviour of CFRP single-strap repairs. Two fundamental geometrical parameters were studied: overlap length and patch thickness. The numerical model used ABAQUS® software and a developed cohesive mixed-mode damage model adequate for ductile adhesives, and implemented within interface finite elements. Stress analyses and strength predictions were carried out. Experimental and numerical comparisons were performed on failure modes, failure load and equivalent stiffness of the repair. Good correlation was found between experimental and numerical results, showing that the proposed model can be successfully applied to bonded joints or repairs.

A flexibility reference model to achieve leagility in virtual organizations

The paper proposes a Flexibility Requirements Model and a Factory Templates Framework to support the dynamic Virtual Organization decision-makers in order to reach effective response to the emergent business opportunities ensuring profitability. Through the construction and analysis of the flexibility requirements model, the network managers can achieve and conceive better strategies to model and breed new dynamic VOs. This paper also presents the leagility concept as a new paradigm fit to equip the network management with a hybrid approach that better tackle the performance challenges imposed by the new and competitive business environments.

Bertrand model under incomplete information

We consider a Bertrand duopoly model with unknown costs. The firms' aim is to choose the price of its product according to the well-known concept of Bayesian Nash equilibrium. The chooses are made simultaneously by both firms. In this paper, we suppose that each firm has two different technologies, and uses one of them according to a certain probability distribution. The use of either one or the other technology affects the unitary production cost. We show that this game has exactly one Bayesian Nash equilibrium. We analyse the advantages, for firms and for consumers, of using the technology with highest production cost versus the one with cheapest production cost. We prove that the expected profit of each firm increases with the variance of its production costs. We also show that the expected price of each good increases with both expected production costs, being the effect of the expected production costs of the rival dominated by the effect of the own expected production costs.

Signalling in an international cournot model

We consider a trade policy model, where the costs of the home firm are private information but can be signaled through the output levels of the firm to a foreign competitor and a home policymaker. We study the influences of the non-homogeneity of the goods and of the uncertainty on the production costs of the home firm in the signalling strategies by the home firm. We show that some results obtained for homogeneous goods are not robust under non-homogeneity.

Custeio baseado em atividades: concepção e implementação numa empresa de serviços

Trabalho de Projeto apresentado ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finanças, sob orientação de Paulino Manuel Leite da Silva

Desirable role in an international duopoly model with tariffs

In this paper, we study an international market model in which the home government imposes a tariff on the imported goods. The model has two stages. In the first stage, the home government chooses an import tariff to maximize a function that cares about the home firm’s profit and the total revenue. Then, the firms engage in a Cournot or in a Stackelberg competition. We compare the results obtained in the three different ways of moving on the decision make of the firms.

International Stackelberg model with tariffs

This paper analyses the effects of tariffs on an international economy with a monopolistic sector with two firms, located in two countries, each one producing a homogeneous good for both home consumption and export to the other identical country. We consider a game among governments and firms. First, the government imposes a tariff on imports and then we consider the two types of moving: simultaneous (Cournot-type model) and sequential (Stackelberg-type model) decisions by the firms. We also compare the results obtained in each model.

A metodologia BIM-FM aplicada a um caso prático

O crescente aumento da consciencialização da importância da fase de operação e manutenção, bem como a amplificação que a metodologia Building Information Modelling (BIM) tem obtido nos últimos anos, sugere uma necessidade de alterar a atual abordagem da gestão das instalações de forma a dotá-la das mais recentes inovações tecnológicas como seja a utilização do BIM. Os Building Information Models apresentam as características ideais para a integração da gestão das instalações, não só pela visualização do edifício, mas sobretudo pela potencialidade que a base de dados oferece, com informação referente a cada um dos componentes presentes e suas relações. O âmbito deste trabalho envolve assim a integração da gestão das instalações com o modelo BIM criado, representativo do edifício em estudo. Este trabalho começa com as definições do âmbito e dos objetivos que são propostos no Capítulo 1. No Capítulo 2, é elaborada uma pesquisa sobre o estado da arte atual de cada uma das metodologias BIM e FM, de forma a tomar conhecimento dos seus conceitos principais. Foi feito também um levantamento no campo do BIM-FM de forma a apurar as atuais soluções tecnológicas existentes, a forma como é feita a sua troca de informação e também alguns casos em que esta metodologia foi aplicada. Com base na informação recolhida sobre as metodologias e também nos casos práticos estudados, é realizado no Capítulo 3, capítulo central deste trabalho, a aplicação prática. A realização desta aplicação é dividida por 3 fases principais. Numa primeira fase é especificada e recolhida a informação necessária de ser obtida para a realização do modelo e a posterior aplicação do FM. A escolha da informação a recolher é feita ponderando todos os fatores existentes, mas de forma a cumprir os requisitos pedidos. Numa segunda fase, assente na compilação de informação recolhida anteriormente, realiza-se o modelo do edifício. A modelação, de forma a seguir o método de trabalho BIM é realizada por especialidades, sendo numa primeira fase realizada a especialidade de arquitetura e posteriormente, utilizando esse modelo como base, é feita a modelação das especialidades de águas, águas residuais, AVAC e eletricidade. Esta escolha foi também estimulada pela organização do software utilizado para a modelação, por módulos. Na última fase da aplicação do caso prático a informação inserida na fase de modelação do edifício é exportada para o software de FM, neste caso em específico, o IBM Maximo. Para a exportação destes dados foi utilizado o formato Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie), de forma a garantir a integridade e conformidade da informação transferida. No Capítulo 4 deste trabalho são abordadas as especificidades relativas à informação existente, à modelação e à troca de dados entre o software de modelação e o software utilizado na gestão do edifício. São também sugeridos alguns temas para futuros desenvolvimentos com o intuito de ampliação dos campos de FM com o uso do modelo. O BIM-FM é um tema emergente na atualidade do BIM, sendo a sua utilização encarada como uma mais-valia ao processo BIM. A compilação da informação durante a fase de projeto e execução, aliada à existência do modelo torna a implementação do FM com o modelo BIM como uma sequência natural.

Modelling text file evaluation processes

Text file evaluation is an emergent topic in e-learning that responds to the shortcomings of the assessment based on questions with predefined answers. Questions with predefined answers are formalized in languages such as IMS Question & Test Interoperability Specification (QTI) and supported by many e-learning systems. Complex evaluation domains justify the development of specialized evaluators that participate in several business processes. The goal of this paper is to formalize the concept of a text file evaluation in the scope of the E-Framework – a service oriented framework for development of e-learning systems maintained by a community of practice. The contribution includes an abstract service type and a service usage model. The former describes the generic capabilities of a text file evaluation service. The later is a business process involving a set of services such as repositories of learning objects and learning management systems.

Data analysis applied to the evaluation of a technological nature teaching model as a regional development tool

This paper presents the creation and development of technological schools directly linked to the business community and to higher public education. Establishing themselves as the key interface between the two sectors they make a signigicant contribution by having a greater competitive edge when faced with increasing competition in the tradional markets. The development of new business strategies supported by references of excellence, quality and competitiveness also provides a good link between the estalishment of partnerships aiming at the qualification of education boards at a medium level between the technological school and higher education with a technological foundation. We present a case study as an example depicting the success of Escola Tecnológica de Vale de Cambra.

Spectral solution for the air stripping pollutants removal dynamic model with non linear steady state conditions

This work deals with the numerical simulation of air stripping process for the pre-treatment of groundwater used in human consumption. The model established in steady state presents an exponential solution that is used, together with the Tau Method, to get a spectral approach of the solution of the system of partial differential equations associated to the model in transient state.

The determinants of trade credit: a study of portuguese industrial companies

Despite the relevance of trade credit as a source of business financing, the topic is far from being considered exhausted, especially because there is no general and integrated theory explaining the causes and consequences of trade credit.Our research aims to contribute towards the literature that studies the determinants for granting and receiving trade credit. In this sequence, the present study seeks to empirically test some theories about the reasons why companies grant and receive commercial credit. For this purpose we apply a fixed effect model to a panel of 11 040 Portuguese industrial companies, of which 360 are large companies and the majority 10 680 are Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) for the period between 2003 and 2009. We conclude that large companies (with greater access to credit market) serve as financial intermediaries to their clients with less access to finance. In addition, it was observed that the supplier companies use trade credit as a legal means of price discrimination. Finally, financially constrained enterprises, especially in times of financial crisis, use commercial credit as an alternative source of funding, endorsing the hypothesis of substitution between trade credit and bank credit.

Mathematical model for HIV dynamics in HIV-specific helper cells

In this paper we study a delay mathematical model for the dynamics of HIV in HIV-specific CD4 + T helper cells. We modify the model presented by Roy and Wodarz in 2012, where the HIV dynamics is studied, considering a single CD4 + T cell population. Non-specific helper cells are included as alternative target cell population, to account for macrophages and dendritic cells. In this paper, we include two types of delay: (1) a latent period between the time target cells are contacted by the virus particles and the time the virions enter the cells and; (2) virus production period for new virions to be produced within and released from the infected cells. We compute the reproduction number of the model, R0, and the local stability of the disease free equilibrium and of the endemic equilibrium. We find that for values of R0<1, the model approaches asymptotically the disease free equilibrium. For values of R0>1, the model approximates asymptotically the endemic equilibrium. We observe numerically the phenomenon of backward bifurcation for values of R0⪅1. This statement will be proved in future work. We also vary the values of the latent period and the production period of infected cells and free virus. We conclude that increasing these values translates in a decrease of the reproduction number. Thus, a good strategy to control the HIV virus should focus on drugs to prolong the latent period and/or slow down the virus production. These results suggest that the model is mathematically and epidemiologically well-posed.

A coinfection model for HIV and HCV

We study a mathematical model for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatites C virus (HCV) coinfection. The model predicts four distinct equilibria: the disease free, the HIV endemic, the HCV endemic, and the full endemic equilibria. The local and global stability of the disease free equilibrium was calculated for the full model and the HIV and HCV submodels. We present numerical simulations of the full model where the distinct equilibria can be observed. We show simulations of the qualitative changes of the dynamical behavior of the full model for variation of relevant parameters. From the results of the model, we infer possible measures that could be implemented in order to reduce the number of infected individuals.

Estrutura a partir do Movimento em Sistemas Autónomos

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores - Ramo de Sistemas Autónomos