Desmonte de rocha com explosivos: importância da optimização

Este trabalho pretende avaliar e melhorar o modo de execução da aplicação da técnica de rebentamento com explosivos, aumentando a fragmentação e reduzindo o custo no conjunto das operações de perfuração, carga, detonação e fragmentação secundária e compreender a influência na variação do custo das operações face às melhorias adoptadas. A investigação foi executada na pedreira da Mota-Engil, Engenharia S.A. ‘’ Bouça do Menino’’ Vila Verde, Cervães, tendo os dados iniciais sido recolhidos em 2004 (ano de referência) e comparados com os seguintes 4 anos. A perfuração é geralmente um dos principais factores que influenciam o resultado de um rebentamento, já que do seu rigor pode depender a eficiência do explosivo. Hoje em dia, para além da adequação dos métodos de execução ao local a fragmentar, existem ferramentas que nos permitem visualizar com rigor as circunstâncias em que se desenvolvem os trabalhos, nomeadamente as utilizadas pelos equipamentos de perfuração para controlo de profundidade, inclinação e direcção, a utilização de feixes ‘’laser’’ que nos permitem manter o nivelamento das plataformas, o ‘’laser’’ profile que nos ajuda a definir o posicionamento e inclinação dos furos relativamente à frente livre antes de executar a perfuração, ou ainda, a utilização de equipamentos de registo de coordenadas que nos permitem verificar o posicionamento do furo após a sua execução e decidir sobre a sua utilização mais correcta em função da sua posição. A utilização destas ferramentas associadas a um ‘’software’’ de desenho é ainda uma excelente ferramenta de formação para os operadores da perfuração e utilização dos explosivos, já que permite visualizar e compreender a relação da posição dos furos com o resultado do rebentamento.

O crime de fraude fiscal: o impacto na receita pública do Estado

Orientador: Doutor, José Domingos Silva Fernandes

Application-specific modified particle swarm optimization for energy resource scheduling considering vehicle-to-grid

This paper presents a modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) methodology to solve the problem of energy resources management with high penetration of distributed generation and Electric Vehicles (EVs) with gridable capability (V2G). The objective of the day-ahead scheduling problem in this work is to minimize operation costs, namely energy costs, regarding he management of these resources in the smart grid context. The modifications applied to the PSO aimed to improve its adequacy to solve the mentioned problem. The proposed Application Specific Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (ASMPSO) includes an intelligent mechanism to adjust velocity limits during the search process, as well as self-parameterization of PSO parameters making it more user-independent. It presents better robustness and convergence characteristics compared with the tested PSO variants as well as better constraint handling. This enables its use for addressing real world large-scale problems in much shorter times than the deterministic methods, providing system operators with adequate decision support and achieving efficient resource scheduling, even when a significant number of alternative scenarios should be considered. The paper includes two realistic case studies with different penetration of gridable vehicles (1000 and 2000). The proposed methodology is about 2600 times faster than Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) reference technique, reducing the time required from 25 h to 36 s for the scenario with 2000 vehicles, with about one percent of difference in the objective function cost value.

Mathematical aspects of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle within local fractional Fourier analysis

In this paper, we discuss the mathematical aspects of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle within local fractional Fourier analysis. The Schrödinger equation and Heisenberg uncertainty principles are structured within local fractional operators.

Fractional generalization of memristor and higher order elements

Fractional calculus generalizes integer order derivatives and integrals. Memristor systems generalize the notion of electrical elements. Both concepts were shown to model important classes of phenomena. This paper goes a step further by embedding both tools in a generalization considering complex-order objects. Two complex operators leading to real-valued results are proposed. The proposed class of models generate a broad universe of elements. Several combinations of values are tested and the corresponding dynamical behavior is analyzed.

On a reliable handoff procedure for supporting mobility in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications such as patients’ health monitoring in hospitals, location-aware ambient intelligence, industrial monitoring /maintenance or homeland security require the support of mobile nodes or node groups. In many of these applications, the lack of network connectivity is not admissible or should at least be time bounded, i.e. mobile nodes cannot be disconnected from the rest of the WSN for an undefined period of time. In this context, we aim at reliable and real-time mobility support in WSNs, for which appropriate handoff and rerouting decisions are mandatory. This paper1 drafts a mechanism and correspondent heuristics for taking reliable handoff decisions in WSNs. Fuzzy logic is used to incorporate the inherent imprecision and uncertainty of the physical quantities at stake.

"Poster yourself": a construção colaborativa e multimédia do conhecimento no Ensino Precoce de Inglês

Mestrado em Ensino Precoce do Inglês

Time-delay and fractional derivatives

This paper proposes the calculation of fractional algorithms based on time-delay systems. The study starts by analyzing the memory properties of fractional operators and their relation with time delay. Based on the Fourier analysis an approximation of fractional derivatives through timedelayed samples is developed. Furthermore, the parameters of the proposed approximation are estimated by means of genetic algorithms. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the new perspective.

Development of a platform for lean manufacturing simulation games

More than ever, the economic globalization is creating the need to increase business competitiveness. Lean manufacturing is a management philosophy oriented to the elimination of activities that do not create any type of value and are thus considered a waste. One of the main differences from other management philosophies is the shop-floor focus and the operators' involvement. Therefore, the training of all organization levels is crucial for the success of lean manufacturing. Universities should also participate actively in this process by developing students' lean management skills and promoting a better and faster integration of students into their future organizations. This paper proposes a single realistic manufacturing platform, involving production and assembly operations, to learn by playing many of the lean tools such as VSM, 5S, SMED, poke-yoke, line balance, TPM, Mizusumashi, plant layout, and JIT/kanban. This simulation game was built in tight cooperation with experienced lean companies under the international program “Lean Learning Academy,”http://www.leanlearningacademy.eu/ and its main aim is to make bachelor and master courses in applied sciences more attractive by integrating classic lectures with a simulated production environment that could result in more motivated students and higher study yields. The simulation game results show that our approach is efficient in providing a realistic platform for the effective learning of lean principles, tools, and mindset, which can be easily included in course classes of less than two hours.

Fractional calculus: application in modelling and control

This contribution introduces the fractional calculus (FC) fundamental mathematical aspects and discuses some of their consequences. Based on the FC concepts, the chapter reviews the main approaches for implementing fractional operators and discusses the adoption of FC in control systems. Finally are presented some applications in the areas of modeling and control, namely fractional PID, heat diffusion systems, electromagnetism, fractional electrical impedances, evolutionary algorithms, robotics, and nonlinear system control.