14 resultados para transcendental arguments
em Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa - Portugal
Resumo:
An education promoting scientific literacy (SL) that prepares the citizens to a responsible citizenship has persisted as an argument across discussions on curricula design. The ubiquity of science and technology on contemporary societies and the ideological requirement of informed democratic participation led to the identification of relevant categories that drive curriculum reforms towards a humanistic approach of school science. The category ‘Science as culture’ acquires in the current work a major importance: it enlightens the meaning of scientific literacy. Looking closely to the French term, culture scientifique et tecnologique, turns science simultaneously into a cultural object and product that can be both received and worked at different levels and within several approaches by the individuals and the communities. On the other hand, nonformal and informal education spaces gain greater importance. Together with the formal school environment these spaces allow for an enrichment and diversification of learning experiences. Examples of nonformal spaces where animators can develop their work may be science museums or botanical gardens; television and internet can be regarded as informal education spaces. Due to the above mentioned impossibility of setting apart the individual or community-based experiences from Science and Technology (S&T), the work in nonformal and informal spaces sets an additional challenge to the preparation of socio-cultural animators. Socio-scientific issues take, at times, heavily relevance within the communities. Pollution, high tension lines, spreading of diseases, food contamination or natural resources conservation are among the socio-scientific issues that often call upon arguments and emotions. In the context of qualifying programmes on socio-cultural animation (social education and community development) within European Higher Education Area (EHEA) the present study describes the Portuguese framework. The comparison of programmes within Portugal aims to contribute to the discussion on the curriculum design for a socio-cultural animator degree (1st cycle of Bologna process). In particular, this study intends to assess how the formation given complies with enabling animators to work, within multiple scenarios, with communities in situations of socio-scientific relevance. A set of themes, issues and both current and potential fields of action, not described or insufficiently described in literature, is identified and analysed in the perspective of a qualified intervention of animators. One of these examples is thoroughly discussed. Finally, suggestions are made about curriculum reforms in order, if possible, to strongly link the desired qualified intervention with a qualifying formation.
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It is shown that type I seesaw models based on the standard model Lagrangian extended with three heavy Majorana right-handed fields do not have leptogenesis in leading order, if the symmetries of mass matrices are also the residual symmetry of the Lagrangian. In particular, flavor models that lead to a mass-independent leptonic mixing have a vanishing leptogenesis CP asymmetry. Based on symmetry arguments, we prove that in these models the Dirac-neutrino Yukawa coupling combinations relevant for leptogenesis are diagonal in the physical basis where the charged leptons and heavy Majorana neutrinos are diagonal.
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We investigate the crust, upper mantle and mantle transition zone of the Cape Verde hotspot by using seismic P and S receiver functions from several tens of local seismograph stations. We find a strong discontinuity at a depth of similar to 10 km underlain by a similar to 15-km thick layer with a high (similar to 1.9) Vp/Vs velocity ratio. We interpret this discontinuity and the underlying layer as the fossil Moho, inherited from the pre-hotspot era, and the plume-related magmatic underplate. Our uppermost-mantle models are very different from those previously obtained for this region: our S velocity is much lower and there are no indications of low densities. Contrary to previously published arguments for the standard transition zone thickness our data indicate that this thickness under the Cape Verde islands is up to similar to 30 km less than in the ambient mantle. This reduction is a combined effect of a depression of the 410-km discontinuity and an uplift of the 660-km discontinuity. The uplift is in contrast to laboratory data and some seismic data on a negligible dependence of depth of the 660-km discontinuity on temperature in hotspots. A large negative pressure-temperature slope which is suggested by our data implies that the 660-km discontinuity may resist passage of the plume. Our data reveal beneath the islands a reduction of S velocity of a few percent between 470-km and 510-km depths. The low velocity layer in the upper transition zone under the Cape Verde archipelago is very similar to that previously found under the Azores and a few other hotspots. In the literature there are reports on a regional 520-km discontinuity, the impedance of which is too large to be explained by the known phase transitions. Our observations suggest that the 520-km discontinuity may present the base of the low-velocity layer in the transition zone. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
The public sector is facing turbulent times and this also challenges the health professions who are expected to serve both the interests of the citizens and the cost-containment and austerity policies of governments. This article seeks to explore the changing role of the health professions. I introduce an approach on ‘citizen professionals’ as active players in the policy process and mediators between the state/policymakers and the citizens/patients. The aim is to highlight a transformative potential of professionalism and the connectedness with other sets of governance, like management. Empirical material from a German case study and a comparative European study serve to illustrate the arguments, drawing on policy analysis and secondary sources. The results bring the complexity of transformations and new emergent forms of professionalism into view that cannot be understood in traditional categories of conflict, exclusion and jurisdiction. Exploring the potential of the health professions to creatively respond to new challenges may reveal new opportunities for innovating healthcare policy beyond market and management.
Resumo:
Este artigo de natureza ensaística procura contribuir para o desenvolvimento de argumentos já apresentados a respeito de reconfigurações ideológicas nas políticas de saúde. A partir de dimensões analíticas discute-se o espaço e implicações da individualização do direito à saúde no contexto de maior liberalização dos mercados e de maior exposição ao investimento privado lucrativo. A individualização do direito à saúde assume-se como contrária aos princípios éticos e morais consolidados entre os países ocidentais a partir da 2ª metade do séc. XX, em que o acesso aos cuidados passa gradualmente a estar dependente das condições individuais das famílias, não obstante o pagamento de impostos e outros seguros. Não só passa a existir espaço para formas desiguais de acesso ao direito à saúde, como o princípio da utilização racional que baseia esta reconfiguração é uma crença managerialista falaciosa e, em larga medida, irrealista. Esta discussão é ilustrada a partir de dados da OCDE, os quais demonstram tendências díspares a respeito desta dinâmica.
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Mestrado em Fiscalidade
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Identificando a rutura no desenvolvimento da ciência entre o contexto de descoberta e o contexto de justificação, julgamos poder entender melhor a dominação do ensino transmissivo da ciência em contexto escolar e melhor argumentar para a sua superação. Por outro lado, o argumento que aqui defendemos para recuperar, para o contexto de sala de aula, a fortíssima chama cultural que a ciência transporta nos seus conceitos, leis e teorias, bem como no seu próprio processo de desenvolvimento, tem uma tradição enraizada na cultura portuguesa que exploramos.
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Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Química e Biológica
Resumo:
Apesar da pluriculturalidade que caracteriza algumas regiões de Portugal, existe um desconhecimento e por vezes resistência, em particular das comunidades mais tradicionais e das gerações mais antigas, na aceitação dos imigrantes que escolhem o nosso País como destino de acolhimento. Conhecer as comunidades imigrantes pode ajudar a perceber e a minimizar as dificuldades do convívio pluricultural. Este será, na atualidade, um dos papéis que o animador sociocultural será chamado a desempenhar. Para isso, é necessário que reconheça os recursos legais, metodológicos e teóricos que tem ao seu dispor, sendo estas as premissas que norteiam o presente exercício. Esta análise nasceu de uma proposta de trabalho da Unidade Curricular de Multiculturalidade e Cidadania, mas rapidamente se revelou um importante contributo para o conhecimento da diversidade cultural no nosso país. Após uma contextualização teórica relativa aos principais fluxos migratórios em Portugal, é apresentada a análise dos dados relativos à composição das origens dos imigrantes em Portugal na atualidade e a sua distribuição pelo território português. Este é o ponto de partidapara a reflexão que se lhe seguiu, que visa, por um lado, identificar algumas das problemáticas que resultam dos contextos de diversidade cultural e, por outro, conhecer as propostas do Estado para promover a integração do “outro”. Estes pilares sustentaram a abordagem final relativa ao papel da Animação Sociocultural (ASC) e do animador neste contexto.
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Relatório final apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico
Resumo:
It has been pointed out recently that current experiments still allow for a two Higgs doublet model where the hbb¯ coupling (kDmb/v) is negative; a sign opposite to that of the Standard Model. Due to the importance of delayed decoupling in the hH+H− coupling, h→γγ improved measurements will have a strong impact on this issue. For the same reason, measurements or even bounds on h→Zγ are potentially interesting. In this article, we revisit this problem, highlighting the crucial importance of h→VV, which can be understood with simple arguments. We show that the impacts on kD<0 models of both h→bb¯ and h→τ+τ− are very sensitive to input values for the gluon fusion production mechanism; in contrast, h→γγ and h→Zγ are not. We also inquire if the search for h→Zγ and its interplay with h→γγ will impact the sign of the hbb¯ coupling. Finally, we study these issues in the context of the flipped two Higgs doublet model.
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Tese de doutoramento, Teoria da Literatura, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2003
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Mestrado em Fiscalidade
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Trabalho de Projecto submetido à Escola Superior de Teatro e Cinema para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Teatro – Especialização em Encenação.