The US actuarial balance model for the pay-as-you-go system and its application to Spain

The aim of this paper is to formulate an approximation of the US actuarial balance model and apply it to the Spanish public retirement pension system under various scenarios in order to determine a consistent indicator of the system's financial state comparable to those used by the most advanced social security systems. This will enable us to answer the question as to whether there is any justification for reforming the pension system in Spain. This type of actuarial balance uses projections to show future challenges to the financial side of the pension system deriving basically from ageing, the projected increase in longevity and fluctuations in economic activity. If one is compiled periodically it can provide various indicators to help depoliticize the management of the pay-as-you-go system by bringing the planning horizons of politicians and the system itself closer together.

Estudo do paradigma: computação em nuvem

Na atual conjuntura económica, onde a globalização convive com a crise, as empresas confrontam-se com dois indeclináveis desafios, a expansão para novos mercados e a redução dos custos. A inevitabilidade de lidar com uma crescente quantidade de informação, na manutenção dos serviços prestados e na implementação de outros, obriga a uma sofisticada evolução dos meios informáticos. Para evoluir de forma pouco onerosa, é imprescindível a adoção de infraestruturas computacionais ágeis. Neste contexto emergem estratégias sustentadas na adoção do paradigma Computação em Nuvem (CN). Este paradigma sugere infraestruturas virtuais, escaláveis e com gestão automática de recursos, partilhadas no mesmo modelo de negócio. A forma de definir os custos, designada por pay as you go, é baseada no uso. Procurando garantir uma constante adaptação às exigências do negócio, a CN proporciona confiança e qualidade de serviço, reduzindo o risco associado ao lançamento de aplicações e o tempo de resposta. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o paradigma CN e perscrutar a sua projeção num futuro próximo, analisando as suas vantagens e inconvenientes. Nesse âmbito, é proposta uma arquitetura para integrar equipamentos de bilhética empregues para, designadamente, vender, validar e fiscalizar títulos de transportes. Para avaliar a arquitetura proposta foi implementado um demonstrador na plataforma Windows Azure.

e-learning in the classroom?

As teachers, we are challenged everyday to solve pedagogical problems and we have to fight for our students’ attention in a media rich world. I will talk about how we use ICT in Initial Teacher Training and give you some insight on what we are doing. The most important benefit of using ICT in education is that it makes us reflect on our practice. There is no doubt that our classrooms need to be updated, but we need to be critical about every peace of hardware, software or service that we bring into them. It is not only because our budgets are short, but also because e‐learning is primarily about learning, not technology. Therefore, we need to have the knowledge and skills required to act in different situations, and choose the best tool for the job. Not all subjects are suitable for e‐learning, nor do all students have the skills to organize themselves their own study times. Also not all teachers want to spend time programming or learning about instructional design and metadata. The promised land of easy use of authoring tools (e.g. eXe and Reload) that will lead to all teachers become Learning Objects authors and share these LO in Repositories, all this failed, like previously HyperCard, Toolbook and others. We need to know a little bit of many different technologies so we can mobilize this knowledge when a situation requires it: integrate e‐learning technologies in the classroom, not a flipped classroom, just simple tools. Lecture capture, mobile phones and smartphones, pocket size camcorders, VoIP, VLE, live video broadcast, screen sharing, free services for collaborative work, save, share and sync your files. Do not feel stressed to use everything, every time. Just because we have a whiteboard does not mean we have to make it the centre of the classroom. Start from where you are, with your preferred subject and the tools you master. Them go slowly and try some new tool in a non‐formal situation and with just one or two students. And you don’t need to be alone: subscribe a mailing list and share your thoughts with other teachers in a dedicated forum, even better if both are part of a community of practice, and share resources. We did that for music teachers and it was a success, in two years arriving at 1.000 members. Just do it.

Diagnóstico e análise da rede social: o caso da prestação de cuidados continuados a crianças com diabetes

Mestrado em Intervenção Sócio-Organizacional na Saúde - Ramo de especialização: Qualidade e Tecnologias da Saúde