Avaliação dosimétrica em tumores de mama: comparação de três técnicas

Objetivo – Comparar a técnica convencional, a técnica de energias mistas e a técnica field-in-field com energias mistas, verificando a dose recebida nos órgãos de risco e no volume alvo. Metodologia – Quinze doentes com carcinoma da mama esquerda classificadas de T1-T3N0M0 foram tratadas com cirurgia conservadora da mama, seguida de radioterapia pós-operatória. Para cada doente realizaram-se 3 planeamentos dosimétricos, sendo que cada um deles diz respeito a uma das diferentes técnicas em estudo. Através dos HDV gerados avaliaram-se a Dmáx, Dmed, Dmín, D95%, D3% e a homogeneidade da dose no volume alvo, bem como a dose nos órgãos de risco. Utilizou-se o teste de Friedman para verificar a significância do estudo, com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados – Relativamente ao pulmão esquerdo e ao coração obtiveram-se, com a técnica field-in-field com energias mistas, doses inferiores em comparação com as outras duas técnicas. Para a Dmáx e a homogeneidade de dose no PTV, a técnica field-in-field com energias mistas revelou-se mais eficaz, comparativamente às outras técnicas. No entanto, verificou-se uma melhor cobertura de dose no PTV com a técnica convencional. Considerações finais – A técnica field-in-field com energias mistas permite uma redução da dose nos órgãos de risco, uma redução significativa da Dmáx no PTV e melhora a homogeneidade da dose, comparativamente com as outras técnicas. Os resultados obtidos com a técnica field-in-field com energias mistas apontam para a redução dos efeitos secundários provocados pelo tratamento. ABSTRACT - Purpose – To compare the conventional technique, the technique of mixed energies and the technique field-in-field with mixed energies, checking the received dose in organs at risk and target volume. Methods – Fifteen patients with carcinoma of the left breast classified as T1-T3N0M0 were treated with breast-conserving surgery, followed by postoperative radiotherapy. For each patient were carried out three dosimetric plannings, each one of them concerns the different techniques under study. Through the DVH generated to evaluate Dmax, Dmed, Dmin, D95%, D3% and the homogeneity of the target volume dose, well as the dose in organs at risk. We used the Friedman test to assess the significance of the study, with a confidence interval of 95%. Results – For the left lung and heart were obtained with the technique field-in-field with mixed energies, lower doses compared with the other two techniques. For the Dmax and the homogeneity of the PTV dose, the technique field-in-field with mixed energies was more effective compared to other techniques. However, there was a better coverage of the PTV dose with conventional technique. Conclusions – The technique field-in-field with mixed energy allows a reduction in dose for organs at risk, a significant reduction Dmax in PTV and improves the homogeneity of the dose compared with other techniques. The results obtained with the technique field-in-field with mixed energy indicate to reduce the side effects caused by the treatment.

Hydro energy systems management in Portugal: Profit-based evaluation of a mixed-integer nonlinear approach

In this paper, a novel mixed-integer nonlinear approach is proposed to solve the short-term hydro scheduling problem in the day-ahead electricity market, considering not only head-dependency, but also start/stop of units, discontinuous operating regions and discharge ramping constraints. Results from a case study based on one of the main Portuguese cascaded hydro energy systems are presented, showing that the proposedmixed-integer nonlinear approach is proficient. Conclusions are duly drawn. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Identification of tsunami-induced deposits using numerical modeling and rock magnetism techniques: Astudy case of the 1755 Lisbon tsunami in Algarve, Portugal (vol 182, pg 187, 2010)

Storm- and tsunami-deposits are generated by similar depositional mechanisms making their discrimination hard to establish using classic sedimentologic methods. Here we propose an original approach to identify tsunami-induced deposits by combining numerical simulation and rock magnetism. To test our method, we investigate the tsunami deposit of the Boca do Rio estuary generated by the 1755 earthquake in Lisbon which is well described in the literature. We first test the 1755 tsunami scenario using a numerical inundation model to provide physical parameters for the tsunami wave. Then we use concentration (MS. SIRM) and grain size (chi(ARM), ARM, B1/2, ARM/SIRM) sensitive magnetic proxies coupled with SEM microscopy to unravel the magnetic mineralogy of the tsunami-induced deposit and its associated depositional mechanisms. In order to study the connection between the tsunami deposit and the different sedimentologic units present in the estuary, magnetic data were processed by multivariate statistical analyses. Our numerical simulation show a large inundation of the estuary with flow depths varying from 0.5 to 6 m and run up of similar to 7 m. Magnetic data show a dominance of paramagnetic minerals (quartz) mixed with lesser amount of ferromagnetic minerals, namely titanomagnetite and titanohematite both of a detrital origin and reworked from the underlying units. Multivariate statistical analyses indicate a better connection between the tsunami-induced deposit and a mixture of Units C and D. All these results point to a scenario where the energy released by the tsunami wave was strong enough to overtop and erode important amount of sand from the littoral dune and mixed it with reworked materials from underlying layers at least 1 m in depth. The method tested here represents an original and promising tool to identify tsunami-induced deposits in similar embayed beach environments.

Methods for automatic and assisted image annotation

Personal memories composed of digital pictures are very popular at the moment. To retrieve these media items annotation is required. During the last years, several approaches have been proposed in order to overcome the image annotation problem. This paper presents our proposals to address this problem. Automatic and semi-automatic learning methods for semantic concepts are presented. The automatic method is based on semantic concepts estimated using visual content, context metadata and audio information. The semi-automatic method is based on results provided by a computer game. The paper describes our proposals and presents their evaluations.

A novel flow cytometric protocol for assessment of yeast cell adhesion

Microbial adhesion is a field of recognized relevance and, as such, an impressive array of tools has been developed to understand its molecular mechanisms and ultimately for its quantification. Some of the major limitations found within these methodologies concern the incubation time, the small number of cells analyzed, and the operator's subjectivity. To overcome these aspects, we have developed a quantitative method to measure yeast cells' adhesion through flow cytometry. In this methodology, a suspension of yeast cells is mixed with green fluorescent polystyrene microspheres (uncoated or coated with host proteins). Within 2 h, an adhesion profile is obtained based on two parameters: percentage and cells-microsphere population's distribution pattern. This flow cytometry protocol represents a useful tool to quantify yeast adhesion to different substrata in a large scale, providing manifold data in a speedy and informative manner.

A comparison of two attenuation correction methods in 111In-Pentetriotide abdominal SPECT

Tomographic image can be degraded, partially by patient based attenuation. The aim of this paper is to quantitatively verify the effects of attenuation correction methods Chang and CT in 111In studies through the analysis of profiles from abdominal SPECT, correspondent to a uniform radionuclide uptake organ, the left kidney.

Análise dos parâmetros de qualidade das imagens de verificação em radioterapia aplicada a patologias de cabeça e pescoço

Mestrado em Radiações Aplicadas às Tecnologias da Saúde - Área de especialização: Terapia com Radiações.

A Hexanuclear Mixed-Valence Oxovanadium(IV,V) Complex as a Highly Efficient Alkane Oxidation Catalyst

The new hexanuclear mixed-valence vanadium complex [V3O3(OEt)(ashz)(2)(mu-OEt)](2) (1) with an N,O-donor ligand is reported. It acts as a highly efficient catalyst toward alkane oxidations by aqueous H2O2. Remarkably, high turnover numbers up to 25000 with product yields of up to 27% (based on alkane) stand for one of the most active systems for such reactions.

Accessing indoor fungal contamination using conventional and molecular methods in Portuguese poultries

Epidemiological studies showed increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms and adverse changes in pulmonary function parameters in poultry workers, corroborating the increased exposure to risk factors, such as fungal load and their metabolites. This study aimed to determine the occupational exposure threat due to fungal contamination caused by the toxigenic isolates belonging to the complex of the species of Aspergillus flavus and also isolates fromAspergillus fumigatus species complex. The study was carried out in seven Portuguese poultries, using cultural and molecularmethodologies. For conventional/cultural methods, air, surfaces, and litter samples were collected by impaction method using the Millipore Air Sampler. For the molecular analysis, air samples were collected by impinger method using the Coriolis μ air sampler. After DNA extraction, samples were analyzed by real-time PCR using specific primers and probes for toxigenic strains of the Aspergillus flavus complex and for detection of isolates from Aspergillus fumigatus complex. Through conventional methods, and among the Aspergillus genus, different prevalences were detected regarding the presence of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus species complexes, namely: 74.5 versus 1.0% in the air samples, 24.0 versus 16.0% in the surfaces, 0 versus 32.6% in new litter, and 9.9 versus 15.9%in used litter. Through molecular biology, we were able to detect the presence of aflatoxigenic strains in pavilions in which Aspergillus flavus did not grow in culture. Aspergillus fumigatus was only found in one indoor air sample by conventional methods. Using molecular methodologies, however, Aspergillus fumigatus complex was detected in seven indoor samples from three different poultry units. The characterization of fungal contamination caused by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus raises the concern of occupational threat not only due to the detected fungal load but also because of the toxigenic potential of these species.

Práticas de inclusão com alunos com multideficiência no 1º Ciclo

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ciências da Educação, especialidade Educação Especial – Problemas Cognitivos e Multideficiência

Complementarity of conventional and molecular methods in the assessment of fungal contamination caused by Aspergillus fumigatus complex in one Portuguese composting plant

The handling of waste and compost that occurs frequently in composting plants (compost turning, shredding, and screening) has been shown to be responsible for the release of dust and air borne microorganisms and their compounds in the air. Thermophilic fungi, such as A. fumigatus, have been reported and this kind of contamination in composting facilities has been associated with increased respiratory symptoms among compost workers. This study intended to characterize fungal contamination in a totally indoor composting plant located in Portugal. Besides conventional methods, molecular biology was also applied to overcome eventual limitations.

Estratégias e internacionalização na manutenção e produção

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Determinação de propriedades mecânicas através de ensaios de provetes miniatura, "Small Punch"

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Vertex component analysis: a fast algorithm to unmix hyperspectral data

Given a set of mixed spectral (multispectral or hyperspectral) vectors, linear spectral mixture analysis, or linear unmixing, aims at estimating the number of reference substances, also called endmembers, their spectral signatures, and their abundance fractions. This paper presents a new method for unsupervised endmember extraction from hyperspectral data, termed vertex component analysis (VCA). The algorithm exploits two facts: (1) the endmembers are the vertices of a simplex and (2) the affine transformation of a simplex is also a simplex. In a series of experiments using simulated and real data, the VCA algorithm competes with state-of-the-art methods, with a computational complexity between one and two orders of magnitude lower than the best available method.

Parallel implementation of vertex component analysis for hyperspectral endmember extraction

International Conference with Peer Review 2012 IEEE International Conference in Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), 22-27 July 2012, Munich, Germany