440 resultados para Marcia Colish

em Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual da Universidade de São Paulo (BDPI/USP)


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This study investigated the influence of cervical preflaring with different rotary instruments on determination of the initial apical file (IAF) in mesiobuccal roots of mandibular molars. Fifty human mandibular molars whose mesial roots presented two clearly separated apical foramens (mesiobuccal and mesiolingual) were used. After standard access opening and removal of pulp tissue, the working length (WL) was determined at 1 mm short of the root apex. Five groups (n=10) were formed at random, according to the type of instrument used for cervical preflaring. In group 1, the size of the IAF was determined without preflaring of the cervical and middle root canal thirds. In groups 2 to 5, preflaring was performed with Gates-Glidden drills, ProTaper instruments, EndoFlare instruments and LA Axxes burs, respectively. Canals were sized manually with K-files, starting with size 08 K-files, inserted passively up to the WL. File sizes were increased until a binding sensation was felt at the WL and the size of the file was recorded. The instrument corresponding to the IAF was fixed into the canal at the WL with methylcyanoacrylate. The teeth were then sectioned transversally 1 mm short of the apex, with the IAF in position. Cross-sections of the WL region were examined under scanning electron microscopy and the discrepancies between canal diameter and the diameter of IAF were calculated using the tool "rule" (FEG) of the microscope's proprietary software. The measurements (µm) were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests at 5% significance level. There were statistically significant differences among the groups (p<0.05). The non-flared group had the greatest discrepancy (125.30 ± 51.54) and differed significantly from all flared groups (p<0.05). Cervical preflaring with LA Axxess burs produced the least discrepancies (55.10 ± 48.31), followed by EndoFlare instruments (68.20 ± 42.44), Gattes Glidden drills (68.90 ± 42.46) and ProTaper files (77.40 ± 73.19). However, no significant differences (p>0.05) were found among the rotary instruments. In conclusion, cervical preflaring improved IAF fitting to the canals at the WL in mesiobuccal roots of maxillary first molars. The rotary instruments evaluated in this study did not differ from each other regarding the discrepancies produced between the IAF size and canal diameter at the WL.

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Patients using obturator prostheses often present denture-induced stomatitis. In order to detect the presence of oral Candida albicans in patients with oronasal communications and to evaluate the effectiveness of a topical antifungal treatment, cytological smears obtained from the buccal and palatal mucosa of 10 adult patients, and from the nasal acrylic surface of their obturator prostheses were examined. A therapeutic protocol comprising the use of oral nystatin (Mycostatin®) and prosthesis disinfection with sodium hypochlorite was prescribed for all patients. Seven patients were positive for C. albicans in the mucosa, with 1 negative result for the prosthetic surface in this group of patients. Post-treatment evaluation revealed the absence of C. albicans on prosthesis surface and on the oral mucosa of all patients. The severity of the candidal infection was significantly higher in the palatal mucosa than in the buccal mucosa, but similar in the palatal mucosa and prosthesis surface, indicating that the mucosa underlying the prosthesis is more susceptible to infection. The therapeutic protocol was effective in all cases, which emphasizes the need for denture disinfection in order to avoid reinfection of the mucosa.

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This in vivo study evaluated the dissociation quality of maxillary premolar roots combining variations of vertical and horizontal angulations by using X-ray holders (Rinn -XCP), and made a comparison between two types of intraoral radiography systems - conventional film (Kodak Insight, Rochester, USA) and digital radiography (Kodak RVG 6100, Kodak, Rochester, USA). The study sample was comprised of 20 patients with a total of 20 maxillary premolars that were radiographed, using the paralleling angle technique (GP), with a 20º variation of the horizontal angle (GM) and 25º variation of the horizontal angle combined with 15º vertical angle (GMV). Each image was independently analyzed by two experienced examiners. These examiners assigned a score to the diagnostic capability of root dissociation and the measurement of the distance between the apexes. Statistical data was derived using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, Friedman and T test. The means of the measured distances between buccal and lingual root apexes were greater for the GMV, which ranged from 2.3 mm to 3.3 mm. A statistically significant difference was found between GM and GMV when compared to GP with p < 0.01. An established best diagnostic dissociation roots image was found in the GMV. These results support the use of the anterior X-ray holders which offer a better combined deviation (GMV) to dissociate maxillary premolar roots in both radiography systems.

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Human HOX genes encode transcription factors that act as master regulators of embryonic development. They are important in several processes such as cellular morphogenesis and differentiation. The HOXB5 gene in particular has been reported in some types of neoplasm, but not in oral cancer. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the expression of HOXB5 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and in non-tumoral adjacent tissues, focusing on verifying its possible role as a broad tumor-associated gene and its association with histopathological and clinical (TNM) characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: RT-PCR was performed to amplify HOXB5 mRNA in 15 OSCCs and adjacent non-tumoral epithelium. A possible association with TNM and histopathologic data was verifed by the chi-square and post-hoc t-test. RESULTS: HOXB5 was amplifed in 60% non-tumoral epithelium and in 93.3% carcinomas. No statistically signifcant differences were found regarding the HOXB5 mRNA expression and TNM or histological grade. CONCLUSION: HOXB5 is expressed in OSCCs and its role in cancer progression should be further investigated.

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The karyotype of Amphisbaena ridleyi, an endemic species of the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, in State of Pernambuco, Brazil, is described after conventional staining, Ag-NOR impregnation and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a telomeric probe. The diploid number is 46, with nine pairs of macrochromosomes (three metacentrics, four subtelocentrics and two acrocentrics) and 14 pairs of microchromosomes. The Ag-NOR is located in the telomeric region of the long arm of metacentric chromosome 2 and FISH revealed signals only in the telomeric region of all chromosomes. Further cytogenetic data on other amphisbaenians as well as a robust phylogenetic hypothesis of this clade is needed in order to understand the evolutionary changes on amphisbaenian karyotypes.

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Information collected in the present high resolution study of 104Pd(d,t)103Pd is interpreted within the systematics of the A ~ 100 region. The paper complements data previously presented by the S.Paulo Group, which were taken with the Pelletron-Enge-Spectrograph facility. A one-to-one correspondence to gamma ray results for 103Pd, collected by the Nuclear Data Sheets (NDS), was achieved and at least four open questions were settled. More reliable spectroscopic strengths were extracted in the present study.

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A escala Hassles & Uplifts avalia a intensidade da resposta a pequenos eventos cotidianos, sendo considerada um preditor de sintomas psicológicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar uma tradução da escala Hassles & Uplifts, aqui intitulada Aborrecimentos e Alegrias; para tal, realizou-se a réplica de um estudo norte-americano que mediu o desempenho, nessa escala, de indivíduos cujo padrão de comportamento fosse do tipo A ou B segundo a escala de Jenkins (Escala Aborrecimentos e Alegrias). As escalas Aborrecimentos e Alegrias e A/B foram aplicadas em 145 universitários brasileiros. Os resultados mostraram que: 1) as pontuações médias de Aborrecimentos e Alegrias foram similares às do estudo norte-americano, exceto pelos Aborrecimentos dos participantes tipo B; 2) a intensidade das Alegrias dos participantes tipo A foi significativamente superior à dos tipo B, como na literatura; 3) a intensidade de Alegrias e Aborrecimentos não diferiu entre os dois tipos, provavelmente devido à especificidade da época do teste. Concluiu-se que o padrão e a consistência dos resultados indicam que a tradução pode ser utilizada como instrumento confiável de pesquisa.

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This work reports on the SERS activity of a nanostructured substrate that was obtained by electrodepositing gold over a template consisting of polystyrene microspheres. This substrate displayed superior SERS performance for the detection of 4-merctaptopyridine as compared to a conventional roughened Au electrode. In order to investigate the substrate capability for the detection at low concentration limits, a series of Rhodamine 6G (1 nM) spectra were registered. Our spectral dynamics data is in agreement with single-molecule behavior, showing that the control over the substrate morphology is crucial to enable the production of highly reproducible and sensitive SERS substrates.

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This paper reports the use of Raman and infrared techniques for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of plasticizers in polyvinylchloride (PVC) commercial films. FT-Raman marker bands were indentified for di-2-ethyl-hexyl adipate (DEHA) and di-2-ethyl-hexyl phthalate (DEHP), allowing for the rapid identification of these species in the commercial film. Quantitative analysis by FT-IR resulted in plasticizers concentrations ranging from 11 to 27% (w/w). Considering the little sample preparation and the low cost of the techniques, FT-IR and FT-Raman are viable techniques for a first assessment of plasticizers in commercial samples.

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The increasing demand for fatty acid-free lecithin required modifications in existing purification methods. In this technical note we describe a purification procedure with the following steps: a) homogenization and extraction of yolks obtained from fresh eggs with acetone, b) solubilization with ethanol and solvent elimination and c) repeated solubilization/precipitation with petroleum ether/acetone. This crude extract was chromatographed on neutral alumina, which was exhaustively washed with chloroform before elution with chloroform:methanol, allowing the sequential separation of fatty acids and lecithin. Chromatographic behavior and mass spectra of the product are presented. This fast procedure yields fatty acid-free lecithin at a competitive cost.

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OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade da informação registrada nas declarações de óbito fetal. MÉTODOS: Estudo documental com 710 óbitos fetais em hospitais de São Paulo, SP, no primeiro semestre de 2008, registrados na base unificada de óbitos da Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados e da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo. Foi analisada a completitude das variáveis das declarações de óbito fetal emitidas por hospitais e Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos. Os registros das declarações de óbito de uma amostra de 212 óbitos fetais de hospitais do Sistema Único de Saúde foram comparados com os dados dos prontuários e do registro do Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos. RESULTADOS: Dentre as declarações de óbito, 75% foram emitidas pelo Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos, mais freqüente nos hospitais do Sistema Único de Saúde (78%). A completitude das variáveis das declarações de óbito emitidas pelos hospitais foi mais elevada e foi maior nos hospitais não pertencentes ao Sistema Único de Saúde. Houve maior completitude, concordância e sensibilidade nas declarações de óbito emitidas pelos hospitais. Houve baixa concordância e elevada especificidade para as variáveis relativas às características maternas. Maior registro das variáveis sexo, peso ao nascer e duração da gestação foi observada nas declarações emitidas no Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos. A autópsia não resultou em aprimoramento da indicação das causas de morte: a morte fetal não especificada representou 65,7% e a hipóxia intrauterina, 24,3%, enquanto nas declarações emitidas pelos hospitais foi de 18,1% e 41,7%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: É necessário aprimorar a completitude e a indicação das causas de morte dos óbitos fetais. A elevada proporção de autópsias não melhorou a qualidade da informação e a indicação das causas de morte. A qualidade das informações geradas de autópsias depende do acesso às informações hospitalares.

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OBJECTIVE: New drugs have to be assessed in endodontic therapy due to the presence of microorganisms resistant to therapeutic procedures. Thus, this study evaluated the time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of different antibiotics used in endodontic therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Human gingival fibroblasts were treated and divided into the following experimental groups: Group I - control; Group II - ciprofoxacin hydrochloride; Group III - clyndamicin hydrochloride; and Group IV - metronidazole. Each drug was used at concentrations of 5, 50, 150, and 300 mg/L for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT assay [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] and spectrophotometric reading of ELISA plates. The results were analyzed by BioEstat 4.0 software using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests at a signifcance level of 5%. Cell viability was assessed for the different concentrations and times. RESULTS: All drugs presented dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Concentrations of 5 and 50 mgjL produced viable fibroblasts at all experimental times in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Cell viability at 24 h was greater than in the other experimental times. Comparison between the same concentrations of antibiotics at different times showed that metronidazole presented the highest cell viability at 72 and 96 h compared to the other antibiotics, whereas clyndamicin hydrochloride showed higher cell viability at 72 h than ciprofoxacin hydrochloride.

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O objetivo foi analisar a evolução do perfil de utilização de serviços de saúde, entre 2003 e 2008, no Brasil e nas suas macrorregiões. Foram utilizados dados da PNAD. A utilização de serviços de saúde foi medida pela proporção de pessoas que procuraram e foram atendidas nas 2 semanas anteriores e pelos que relataram internação nos últimos 12 meses, segundo SUS e não SUS. Foram analisadas as características socioeconômicas dos usuários, o tipo de atendimento e de serviço e os motivos da procura. A proporção de indivíduos que procuraram serviços de saúde não se alterou, assim como a parcela dos que conseguiram atendimento (96%), entre 2003 e 2008. O SUS respondeu por 56,7% dos atendimentos, realizando a maior parte das internações, vacinação e consultas e somente 1/3 das consultas odontológicas. Em 2008, manteve-se o gradiente de redução de utilização de serviços de saúde SUS conforme o aumento de renda e escolaridade. Houve decréscimo da proporção dos que procuraram serviços de saúde para ações de prevenção e aumento de procura para problemas odontológicos, acidentes e lesões e reabilitação. O padrão de utilização do SUS por região esteve inversamente relacionado à proporção de indivíduos com posse de planos privados de saúde.

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Estudos populacionais sobre mortalidade neonatal de nascimentos de muito baixo peso ao nascer contribuem para identificar sua complexa rede de fatores de risco. Foi estudada uma coorte de 213 recém-nascidos com peso inferior a 1.500g (112 óbitos neonatais e 101 sobreviventes) na Região Sul do Município de São Paulo, Brasil, em 2000/2001. Foram realizadas entrevistas domiciliares e obtidos dados de prontuários hospitalares. Foi realizada análise de sobrevida e empregada regressão múltipla de Cox. A elevada mortalidade na sala de parto, no primeiro dia de vida e ausência de sobreviventes < 700g dos nascimentos < 1.000g e com menos de 28 semanas sugere que condutas mais ativas destinam-se a nascituros de maior viabilidade. Mães residentes em favela, com história anterior de cesárea e aborto provocado, adolescentes, com sangramento vaginal e ausência de pré-natal aumentaram o risco de óbito neonatal. Partos cesarianos e internação em berçários mostraram efeito protetor. O peso ao nascer abaixo de 1.000g e Apgar menor que 7 foram risco. A elevada mortalidade está associada às condições de vida, características maternas e dos nascimentos e condições assistenciais. A melhoria da atenção pré-natal e ao recém-nascido pode atuar na redução da mortalidade.

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Objetivou-se identificar fatores de risco para nascimentos pré-termo por meio de estudo caso-controle populacional que envolve nascidos vivos hospitalares de mães residentes em Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Os casos foram os 328 nascimentos pré-termo e os controles, uma amostra proporcional de 369 nascimentos com 37 semanas ou mais. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística múltipla hierarquizada. Verificou-se associação (p < 0,05) para as variáveis: sócio-econômicas - moradia em favela e baixa idade do chefe familiar; características maternas: IMC < 19 e > 30kg/m², com filho anterior pré-termo, com tratamento para engravidar; características maternas durante a gestação: com companheiro há no máximo dois anos, preocupações, bebida alcoólica semanal, pré-natal inadequado, prática de caminhada como proteção; agravos na gestação - sangramento, infecção do trato genital, volume alterado do líquido amniótico, hipertensão arterial e internação; gestação múltipla. A identificação de fatores de risco e a melhoria da qualidade da atenção pré-concepcional e pré-natal podem reduzir a prematuridade.