La arqueología hoy

Se recogen, en la primera parte de la ponencia, algunas de las transformaciones que ha conocido la arqueología en los últimos decenios: la ampliación de los límites cronológicos hasta umbrales contemporáneos, la caída del enfoque tradicional que concebía la arqueología como una disciplina ocupada básicamente en trabajar bajo cota 0 y la ampliación de escala del objeto de estudio desde la cultura material mueble y el yacimiento hacia el territorio. En una segunda parte se hace un esfuerzo por redefinir el perfil de la arqueología en la actualidad llevando a cabo una reflexión fundamentalmente ontológica y axiológica, sin renunciar sin embargo a algunas consideraciones de carácter epistemológico. Para terminar, se presenta la “cadena de valor” como herramienta metodológica que sirve mejor que ninguna otra al tratamiento del Patrimonio desde una perspectiva integral e interdisciplinaria.

Microfoundations of strategic management: Toward micro–macro research in the resource-based theory

Over the last few years, a new stream of research has emerged in the field of strategic management which focuses on the analysis of its microfoundations. This line of research analyzes strategic topics examining their foundations rooted in individual actions and interactions. The main purpose of this paper is to examine this emerging literature of microfoundations, indicating its usefulness and main characteristics. Through a systematic literature review, this paper contributes to the field by identifying the main areas studied, the benefits and potential of this approach, and some limitations and criticisms. Moreover, the paper studies how the integration of micro and macro aspects in strategy research may be carried out, examining several works that use a multilevel approach. Some methodological approaches that may help to effect this integration are indicated. These aspects will be analyzed in relation to the resource-based theory.

An integrated approach to delimiting species borders in the genus Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Syrphidae), with description of two new species

Integrative taxonomy tests the validity of taxa using methods additional to traditional morphology. The existence of two different morphotypes in specimens identified as Chrysotoxum vernale Loew (Diptera: Syrphidae) prompted their taxonomic study using an integrative approach that included morphology, wing and male-surstylus geometric morphometrics, genetic and ecological analyses. As a result, a new species is recognised, Chrysotoxum montanum Nedeljković & Vujić sp. nov., and C. vernale is re-defined. A lectotype and paralectotypes are designated for C. vernale to stabilize this concept. An additional species, Chrysotoxum orthostylum Vujić sp. nov., with distinctive male genitalia is also described. The three species share an antenna with the basoflagellomere shorter than the scape plus pedicel and terga with yellow fasciae not reaching the lateral margins. This study confirms the value of integrative approach for resolving species boundaries.

La gestión de la innovación en la administración local: algunos resultados empíricos

La introducción de innovaciones ha sido una herramienta básica que los gobiernos de distintos países y administraciones han usado para mejorar los servicios públicos. Las presiones financieras, los controles burocráticos y las demandas de mejores servicios por parte de los ciudadanos hacen a la vez difícil y, por otra parte, necesaria a la innovación, como la única vía de responder eficientemente a las demandas ciudadanas. En el presente trabajo analizamos el nivel de implantación de innovaciones en los ayuntamientos españoles así como qué tipo de innovaciones son más comúnmente utilizadas. Además contrastamos la relación entre el comportamiento innovador y el tamaño organizativo. Por otra parte, puesto que las innovaciones deben darse no cómo un fenómeno aislado, sino como parte de la estrategia corporativa, contrastaremos el comportamiento innovador de los ayuntamientos analizados con sus tipologías o perfiles estratégicos.

Innovation in public services: the case of Spanish local government

The present paper aims to determine the level of implementation of innovations in Spanish local government as well as to identify which types of innovations are most common. The paper also considers the link between innovative behavior and organizational size. However, since innovations cannot occur as isolated phenomena but rather as a part of corporate strategy, the study compares the innovative behavior of the local governments analyzed with their typologies or strategic profiles. In order to achieve the aforementioned aims, the paper uses a survey of the Human Resource Managers of Town Halls in the largest Spanish municipalities. The results of this survey show that the most frequent innovations in the local governments analyzed are collaborative; the largest town halls show more propensities to innovate and they focus on external relationships which are collaborative and on the basis on Information and Communication Technologies. The study reconfirms that town halls with a prospective profile are the most innovative.