La infraestructura hidráulica y la gestión del agua en los regadíos tradicionales en la Vega Baja del Segura (Alicante)

La agricultura tradicional de la comarca de la Vega Baja del Segura se asienta sobre la llanura aluvial creada por el río a lo largo de la historia. Cuenta con una superficie regable de unos 190 km2 que se nutre con recursos propios de la cuenca del río Segura. Las aguas son desviadas del río mediante azudes y distribuidas, por simple gravedad, a través de un complejo sistema de acueductos, acequias y azarbes, que configuran sendas redes de aguas vivas y de aguas muertas, permitiendo la reutilización de las aguas. El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad el estudio de las infraestructuras hidráulicas y su papel en la gestión de los recursos hídricos para el riego en la comarca de la Vega Baja del Segura. A tal fin, se ha consultado la bibliografía y recabado información en diferentes juzgados de aguas, sindicatos de riego y comunidades de regantes, complementándose todo ello con visitas de campo para la toma de datos e imágenes. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una gestión eficiente de los escasos recursos hídricos disponibles y un aprovechamiento óptimo de los mismos, en cuanto que, al final, el sistema cede sus aguas sobrantes a otros regadíos para ser reutilizadas.

The Impact of BIM on the Distribution of Cost and Return on Investment in UK Construction Projects

It has been widely documented that when Building Information Modelling (BIM) is used, there is a shift in effort to the design phase. Little investigation into the impact of this shift in effort has been done and how it impacts on costs. It can be difficult to justify the increased expenditure on BIM in a market that is heavily driven by costs. There are currently studies attempting to quantify the return on investment (ROI) for BIM for which these returns can be seen to balance out the shift in efforts and costs to the design phase. The studies however quantify the ROI based on the individual stakeholder’s investment without consideration for the impact that the use of BIM from their project partners may have on their own profitability. In this study, a questionnaire investigated opinions and experience of construction professionals, representing clients, consultants, designers and contractors, to determine fluctuations in costs by their magnitude and when they occur. These factors were examined more closely by interviewing senior members representing each of the stakeholder categories and comparing their experience in using BIM within environments where their project partners were also using BIM and when they were not. This determined the differences in how the use and the investment in BIM impacts on others and how costs are redistributed. This redistribution is not just through time but also between stakeholders and categories of costs. Some of these cost fluctuations and how the cost of BIM is currently financed are also highlighted in several case studies. The results show that the current distribution of costs set for traditional 2D delivery is hindering the potential success of BIM. There is also evidence that stakeholders who don’t use BIM may benefit financially from the BIM use of others and that collaborative BIM is significantly different to the use of ‘lonely’ BIM in terms of benefits and profitability.