Los puestos de dirección en el ámbito deportivo: revisión de las teorías y estudio sobre el caso de la mujer

Desde las últimas décadas, la trayectoria profesional de la mujer y su acceso a cargos directivos ha ganado relevancia como fenómeno de estudio. El presente artículo, aportará el descubrimiento de los diferentes estudios sobre las distintas características y actitudes que dificultan, limitan o impiden el acceso de las mujeres para lograr el potencial laboral máximo que quieran conseguir en las organizaciones y entidades del mercado laboral, y concretamente dentro del sector de la actividad física y el deporte. La metodología seguida en la investigación es cuantitativa y transversal, con una muestra total obtenida de (N = 401). A modo de conclusión de la literatura analizada, se podría resaltar que las oportunidades de trabajo, el acceso o la promoción de las mujeres dentro de una organización o entidad se ven influenciados por las características personales, es decir, de la conciliación del trabajo, la familia y el hogar.

The use of corpora as translation resources: A study based on a survey of Spanish professional translators

The aim of this paper is to describe the use that professional translators make of corpora as translation resources. First, we briefly review the literature on translation practitioners’ use of corpora in the contexts of both translation training and professional translation. Then we present our survey-based study, analyse the uptake of corpora among Spanish translators and describe the use of this kind of translation resource. The results show that even if corpora are not as frequently used as other kinds of resources, such as dictionaries, there are professional translators who do use corpora, in a variety of ways, in their work. Additionally, non-users do not seem entirely sceptical about corpora. Against that backdrop, translator trainers are invited to continue to report on how corpora can be used as translation resources.

The regulation of professional advertising practices in Spain, 1988–2013

From the perspective of the sociology of professions, every professional activity should have its own clearly circumscribed and regulated sphere of action. Such an articulation facilitates the regulation of the production of a given profession as well as the way in which it is practiced. The purpose of the research reported here was to provide a comprehensive review and evaluation of the regulatory framework governing the advertising sector in Spain. To this end, the authors analysed external regulatory legislation and self-regulatory codes extracted from the data base of the Asociación para la Autoregulación de la Comunicación Comercial (Autocontrol) that had been enacted or adopted between 1988, the year that Law 11/1998 on General Telecommunications entered into force, and 2003 as well as other relevant documents retrieved from the Boletin Oficial del Estado (BOE) pertaining to the same period. Findings indicate that although there has been a groundswell of legislation governing advertising practices in Spain since 1988, especially at the regional level, lawmakers have focused on the content of advertising messages and shown very little interest in regulating the professions of advertising and public relations. Furthermore, Spanish legislation enacted in 2003 and EU policies appear to have encouraged the adoption of voluntary codes of ethics. Sectors traditionally subject to mandatory advertising regulation, either due to the vulnerability of their target audiences or the potential impact of their commercial messages on public health or the environment, are more likely to develop self-regulatory codes of conduct than others