Seguimiento geométrico de terraplenes mediante líneas continuas de asiento en la Vega Baja del Segura, Alicante

La Vega Baja del Segura (Alicante) se caracteriza por la baja resistencia portante de los suelos y en consecuencia por las grandes deformaciones que sufren las construcciones que sobre ellos se levantan. La gran demanda turística de vías de comunicación con la costa sur de la provincia de Alicante ha obligado a construir diversas carreteras cuyos terraplenes alcanzan alturas superiores a los 8 m, así como deformaciones decimétricas y en algunos casos excepcionales de magnitud métrica. Las líneas continuas de asiento es una técnica innovadora que se lleva utilizando durante algunos años en la Vega Baja y que evita los laboriosos procedimientos de auscultación topográfica, sirviendo de instrumento de seguimiento geométrico de los mismos y permitiendo la representación gráfica del terraplén original y de su deformada. Esta técnica permite además a la Administración establecer los volúmenes de tierra necesarios para compensar el hundimiento de los terraplenes de forma exacta. Con el presente trabajo se pretende dar a conocer la metodología de las líneas continuas de asientos, así como mostrar algún ejemplo real de aplicación de las mismas, mostrando la evolución geométrica del terraplén en el tiempo y mostrando el procedimiento de cálculo de volúmenes.

Self-heating function of carbon nanofiber cement pastes

The viability of carbon nanofiber (CNF) composites in cement matrices as a self-heating material is reported in this paper. This functional application would allow the use of CNF cement composites as a heating element in buildings, or for deicing pavements of civil engineering transport infrastructures, such as highways or airport runways. Cement pastes with the addition of different CNF dosages (from 0 to 5% by cement mass) have been prepared. Afterwards, tests were run at different fixed voltages (50, 100 and 150V), and the temperature of the specimens was registered. Also the possibility of using a casting method like shotcrete, instead of just pouring the fresh mix into the mild (with no system’s efficiency loss expected) was studied. Temperatures up to 138 °C were registered during shotcrete-5% CNF cement paste tests (showing initial 10 °C/min heating rates). However a minimum voltage was required in order to achieve a proper system functioning.

Highly Conductive Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Icing Prevention and Curing

This paper aims to study the feasibility of highly conductive carbon fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC) as a self-heating material for ice formation prevention and curing in pavements. Tests were carried out in lab ambient conditions at different fixed voltages and then introduced in a freezer at −15 °C. The specimens inside the freezer were exposed to different fixed voltages when reaching +5 °C for prevention of icing and when reaching the temperature inside the freezer, i.e., −15 °C, for curing of icing. Results show that this concrete could act as a heating element in pavements with risk of ice formation, consuming a reasonable amount of energy for both anti-icing (prevention) and deicing (curing), which could turn into an environmentally friendly and cost-effective deicing method.