A multimodal genre recognition prototype

In this paper, a multimodal and interactive prototype to perform music genre classification is presented. The system is oriented to multi-part files in symbolic format but it can be adapted using a transcription system to transform audio content in music scores. This prototype uses different sources of information to give a possible answer to the user. It has been developed to allow a human expert to interact with the system to improve its results. In its current implementation, it offers a limited range of interaction and multimodality. Further development aimed at full interactivity and multimodal interactions is discussed.

Nuevas herramientas para el estudio de la interacción entre especies en el espacio y en el tiempo

Las funciones de segundo orden son cada vez más empleadas en el análisis de procesos ecológicos. En este trabajo presentamos dos funciones de 2º orden desarrolladas recientemente que permiten analizar la interacción espacio-temporal entre dos especies o tipos funcionales de individuos. Estas funciones han sido desarrolladas para el estudio de interacciones entre especies en masas forestales a partir de la actual distribución diamétrica de los árboles. La primera de ellas es la función bivariante para procesos de puntos con marca Krsmm, que permite analizar la correlación espacial de una variable entre los individuos pertenecientes a dos especies en función de la distancia. La segunda es la función de reemplazo , que permite analizar la asociación entre los individuos pertenecientes a dos especies en función de la diferencia entre sus diámetros u otra variable asociada a dichos individuos. Para mostrar el comportamiento de ambas funciones en el análisis de sistemas forestales en los que operan diferentes procesos ecológicos se presentan tres casos de estudio: una masa mixta de Pinus pinea L. y Pinus pinaster Ait. en la Meseta Norte, un bosque de niebla de la Región Tropical Andina y el ecotono entre las masas de Quercus pyrenaica Willd. y Pinus sylvestris L. en el Sistema Central, en los que tanto la función Krsmm como la función r se utilizan para analizar la dinámica forestal a partir de parcelas experimentales con todos los árboles localizados y de parcelas de inventario.

International conference paper presentations: A multimodal analysis to determine effectiveness

International conference presentations represent one of the biggest challenges for academics using English as a Lingua Franca (ELF). This paper aims to initiate exploration into the multimodal academic discourse of oral presentations, including the verbal, written, non-verbal material (NVM) and body language modes. It offers a Systemic Functional Linguistic (SFL) and multimodal framework of presentations to enhance mixed-disciplinary ELF academics' awareness of what needs to be taken into account to communicate effectively at conferences. The model is also used to establish evaluation criteria for the presenters' talks and to carry out a multimodal discourse analysis of four well-rated 20-min talks, two from the technical sciences and two from the social sciences in a workshop scenario. The findings from the analysis and interviews indicate that: (a) a greater awareness of the mode affordances and their combinations can lead to improved performances; (b) higher reliance on the visual modes can compensate for verbal deficiencies; and (c) effective speakers tend to use a variety of modes that often overlap but work together to convey specific meanings. However, firm conclusions cannot be drawn on the basis of workshop presentations, and further studies on the multimodal analysis of ‘real conferences’ within specific disciplines are encouraged.

Estudio de la interacción tritrófica: tomate, Meloidogyne javanica y Pochonia chlamydosporia

Los nematodos fitopatógenos y en particular los agalladores causan graves pérdidas al tomate, un cultivo de gran importancia económica en España, la Unión Europea y en todo el mundo. El manejo de enfermedades por nematicidas químicos y fumigantes está muy limitado por la prohibición en la Unión Europea y a escala mundial del uso de muchos nematicidas químicos y de fumigantes como el bromuro de metilo. Los suelos supresivos a nematodos son ejemplos de control biológico natural que incluyen antagonistas de nematodos con potencial para su uso en el manejo de dichos patógenos vegetales. Nuestro grupo posee una dilata experiencia en estudio de la biología y en particular en el análisis del modo de acción del hongo parásito de huevos de nematodos, Pochonia chlamydosporia. En este artículo incluimos un resumen de nuestros estudios sobre presencia de P. chlamydosporia en suelos agrícolas. A continuación abordamos el estudio de aspectos celulares y moleculares de la infección de huevos de nematodos por P. chlamydosporia. Nuestro grupo fue pionero al demostrar que los hongos nematófagos se comportan como endófitos colonizando las raíces de mono y dicotiledóneas. Recientemente hemos secuenciado el genoma de P. chlamydosporia. El estudio de sus relaciones filogenómicas y el análisis de sus familias génicas apoyan el comportamiento multitrófico del hongo. Finalmente aportamos nuestros resultados del análisis metabolómico de la interacción tomate-nematodo agallador-P. chlamydosporia. Nuestra actual hipótesis de trabajo es que el estudio de dicha interacción por técnicas de análisis molecular masivo abren nuevas vías al manejo sostenible de nematodos bloqueando su comunicación con la planta y activando o modulando las defensas de los cultivos por hongos antagonistas como P. chlamydosporia.

Las redes sociales como medio de interacción estudiante-profesor: uso de Twitter para la resolución de problemas

Con objeto de encontrar nuevas metodologías que contribuyan a la formación de los estudiantes, se planteó una actividad grupal mediante el uso de la red social Twitter. El objetivo final fue fomentar la interacción, planteando una pseudo-competición donde cada participante pudiera utilizar la información generada por el resto de participantes. La actividad se realizó con alumnos de la asignatura "Farmacología" del Grado en Óptica y Optometría. Se propuso a los estudiantes la resolución de un caso clínico real publicado en una revista científica internacional, sobre un problema relacionado con el uso de fármacos en patologías oculares. Para la resolución se facilitaron una serie de pistas secuencialmente y separadas en el tiempo. Los alumnos pudieron participar proponiendo una solución al caso o planteando preguntas para su resolución. Tanto la participación activa como el planteamiento de preguntas pertinentes para la resolución del caso y su resolución implicaron una bonificación en la nota final de la asignatura. Un 60% de los alumnos matriculados participaron en la actividad. El profesorado implicado valora de forma positiva el resultado.

Interacción en el aprendizaje: dinámicas de grupos, nuevas tecnologías y sesiones prácticas

La presente Comunicación supone una síntesis de las interacciones generadas en una Mesa de las XI Jornadas Redes en la que se abordaban cuestiones relativas a innovación en docencia universitaria. Entre los asuntos tratados se encontraban: las dinámicas de grupo, los blogs temáticos, la generación de materiales en inglés, las metodologías para evaluar las clases prácticas, el recurso a las redes sociales para el seguimiento de asignaturas, la generación de debates, la incorporación de la investigación docente aplicada a las sesiones prácticas y la preparación a la excelencia de los profesores universitarios. Se trataba de asuntos diversos, aparentemente dispares, que, sin embargo, ofrecieron puntos en común. Los temas se podían agrupar en tres grandes bloques que interaccionan entre sí: la dinámica de grupos (conocimiento emocional), las nuevas tecnologías (on-line) y docencia de prácticas (‘aprender haciendo’), todas ellas necesarias para el mayor rendimiento en el aprendizaje adaptado a los nuevos tiempos.

Exploring the use of cooperative activities in a language subject to develop students’ social competences at the University

Cooperative learning has been successfully implemented in the last 60 years for teaching at different educational levels including the Higher Studies due to its solid theoretical foundation, the principles it proposes and its practical applications. The purpose of this article is to offer a proposal for some cooperative activities that allow students to work in small groups in a language subject in order to learn not only contents but also putting into practice what they learn, i.e., they learn by being active. This article discusses how the said activities make it possible for students to work with the main principles of cooperative learning, i.e.: positive interdependence, face-to-face interaction, individual and group accountability, interpersonal and small-group skills and group processing. Moreover, this research will also point out that the proposed activities allow students to acquire some of the social competences required in the labour market such as leadership, conflict solving and cooperation.

The orchestration of modes and EFL audio-visual comprehension: A multimodal discourse analysis of vodcasts

This thesis explores the role of multimodality in language learners’ comprehension, and more specifically, the effects on students’ audio-visual comprehension when different orchestrations of modes appear in the visualization of vodcasts. Firstly, I describe the state of the art of its three main areas of concern, namely the evolution of meaning-making, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and audio-visual comprehension. One of the most important contributions in the theoretical overview is the suggested integrative model of audio-visual comprehension, which attempts to explain how students process information received from different inputs. Secondly, I present a study based on the following research questions: ‘Which modes are orchestrated throughout the vodcasts?’, ‘Are there any multimodal ensembles that are more beneficial for students’ audio-visual comprehension?’, and ‘What are the students’ attitudes towards audio-visual (e.g., vodcasts) compared to traditional audio (e.g., audio tracks) comprehension activities?’. Along with these research questions, I have formulated two hypotheses: Audio-visual comprehension improves when there is a greater number of orchestrated modes, and students have a more positive attitude towards vodcasts than traditional audios when carrying out comprehension activities. The study includes a multimodal discourse analysis, audio-visual comprehension tests, and students’ questionnaires. The multimodal discourse analysis of two British Council’s language learning vodcasts, entitled English is GREAT and Camden Fashion, using ELAN as the multimodal annotation tool, shows that there are a variety of multimodal ensembles of two, three and four modes. The audio-visual comprehension tests were given to 40 Spanish students, learning English as a foreign language, after the visualization of vodcasts. These comprehension tests contain questions related to specific orchestrations of modes appearing in the vodcasts. The statistical analysis of the test results, using repeated-measures ANOVA, reveal that students obtain better audio-visual comprehension results when the multimodal ensembles are constituted by a greater number of orchestrated modes. Finally, the data compiled from the questionnaires, conclude that students have a more positive attitude towards vodcasts in comparison to traditional audio listenings. Results from the audio-visual comprehension tests and questionnaires prove the two hypotheses of this study.

The importance of promoting multimodal teaching in the foreign language classroom for the acquisition of social competences: practical examples

This article analyses the way in which the subject English Language V of the degree English Studies (English Language and Literature) combines the development of the five skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing and interacting) with the use of multimodal activities and resources in the teaching-learning process so that students increase their motivation and acquire different social competences that will be useful for the labour market such as communication, cooperation, leadership or conflict management. This study highlights the use of multimodal materials (texts, videos, etc.) on social topics to introduce cultural aspects in a language subject and to deepen into the different social competences university students can acquire when they work with them. The study was guided by the following research questions: how can multimodal texts and resources contribute to the development of the five skills in a foreign language classroom? What are the main social competences that students acquire when the teaching-learning process is multimodal? The results of a survey prepared at the end of the academic year 2015-2016 point out the main competences that university students develop thanks to multimodal teaching. For its framework of analysis, the study draws on the main principles of visual grammar (Kress & van Leeuwen, 2006) where students learn how to analyse the main aspects in multimodal texts. The analysis of the different multimodal activities described in the article and the survey reveal that multimodality is useful for developing critical thinking, for bringing cultural aspects into the classroom and for working on social competences. This article will explain the successes and challenges of using multimodal texts with social content so that students can acquire social competences while learning content. Moreover, the implications of using multimodal resources in a language classroom to develop multiliteracies will be observed.

Multimodal analysis of a sample of political posters in Ireland during and after the Celtic Tiger

The aim of this research paper is to analyse the key political posters made for the campaigns of Irish political party Fianna Fáil framed in the Celtic Tiger (1997-2008) and post-Celtic Tiger years (2009-2012). I will then focus on the four posters of the candidate in the elections that took place in 1997, 2002, 2007 and 2011 with the intention of observing first how the leader is represented, and later on pinpointing the similarities and possible differences between each. This is important in order to observe the main linguistic and visual strategies used to persuade the audience to vote that party and to highlight the power of the politician. Critical discourse analysis tools will be helpful to identify the main discursive strategies employed to persuade the Irish population to vote in a certain direction. Van Leeuwen’s (2008) social actor theory will facilitate the understanding of how participants are represented in the corpus under analysis. Finally, the main tools of Kress and van Leeuwen’s visual grammar (2006) will be applied for the analysis of the images. The study reveals that politicians are represented in a consistently positive way, with status and formal appearance so that people are persuaded to vote for the party they represent because they trust them as political leaders. The study, thus, points out that the poster is a powerful tool used in election campaigns to highlight the power of political parties.