7 resultados para Circulación residual

em Universidad de Alicante


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En el presente trabajo realizamos una serie de valoraciones sobre el conjunto de fragmentos de hispánica tardía meridional (TSHTM) recuperados en el Tolmo de Minateda, cuyo análisis se relaciona con los datos preliminares que se desprenden del estudio pormenorizado de miles de fragmentos de cerámica para el servicio de mesa recuperados a lo largo de más de dos décadas de investigaciones en el yacimiento manchego.

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Purpose: To define a range of normality for the vectorial parameters Ocular Residual Astigmatism (ORA) and topography disparity (TD) and to evaluate their relationship with visual, refractive, anterior and posterior corneal curvature, pachymetric and corneal volume data in normal healthy eyes. Methods: This study comprised a total of 101 consecutive normal healthy eyes of 101 patients ranging in age from 15 to 64 years old. In all cases, a complete corneal analysis was performed using a Scheimpflug photography-based topography system (Pentacam system Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). Anterior corneal topographic data were imported from the Pentacam system to the iASSORT software (ASSORT Pty. Ltd.), which allowed the calculation of the ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) and topography disparity (TD). Linear regression analysis was used for obtaining a linear expression relating ORA and posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA). Results: Mean magnitude of ORA was 0.79 D (SD: 0.43), with a normality range from 0 to 1.63 D. 90 eyes (89.1%) showed against-the-rule ORA. A weak although statistically significant correlation was found between the magnitudes of posterior corneal astigmatism and ORA (r = 0.34, p < 0.01). Regression analysis showed the presence of a linear relationship between these two variables, although with a very limited predictability (R2: 0.08). Mean magnitude of TD was 0.89 D (SD: 0.50), with a normality range from 0 to 1.87 D. Conclusion: The magnitude of the vector parameters ORA and TD is lower than 1.9 D in the healthy human eye.

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Purpose: To compare the manifest refractive cylinder (MRC) predictability of myopic astigmatism laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) between eyes with low and high ocular residual astigmatism (ORA). Setting: London Vision Clinic, London, United Kingdom. Design: Retrospective case study. Methods: The ORA was considered the vector difference between the MRC and the corneal astigmatism. The index of success (IoS), difference vector ÷ MRC, was analyzed for different groups as follows: stage 1, low ORA (ORA ÷ MRC <1), high ORA (ORA ÷ MRC ≥1); stage 2, low ORA group reduced to match the high ORA group for MRC; stage 3, grouped by ORA magnitude with low ORA (<0.50 diopters [D]), mid ORA (0.50 to 1.24 D), and high ORA (≥1.25 D); stage 4, high ORA group subdivided into low (<0.75 D) and high (≥0.75 D) corneal astigmatism. Results: For stage 1, the mean preoperative MRC and mean IoS were −1.32 D ± 0.65 (SD) (range −0.55 to −3.77 D) and 0.27, respectively, for low ORA and −0.79 ± 0.20 D (range −0.56 to −2.05 D) and 0.37, respectively, for high ORA. For stage 2, the mean IoS increased to 0.32 for low ORA. For stage 3, the mean IoS was 0.28, 0.29, and 0.31 for low ORA, mid ORA, and high ORA, respectively. For stage 4, the mean IoS was 0.20 for high ORA/low corneal astigmatism and 0.35 for high ORA/high corneal astigmatism. Conclusions: The MRC predictability was slightly worse in eyes with high ORA when grouped by the ORA ÷ MRC. Matching for the MRC and grouping by ORA magnitude resulted in similar predictability; however, eyes with high ORA and high corneal astigmatism were less predictable.

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Purpose. We aimed to characterize the distribution of the vector parameters ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) and topography disparity (TD) in a sample of clinical and subclinical keratoconus eyes, and to evaluate their diagnostic value to discriminate between these conditions and healthy corneas. Methods. This study comprised a total of 43 keratoconic eyes (27 patients, 17–73 years) (keratoconus group), 11 subclinical keratoconus eyes (eight patients, 11–54 years) (subclinical keratoconus group) and 101 healthy eyes (101 patients, 15–64 years) (control group). In all cases, a complete corneal analysis was performed using a Scheimpflug photography-based topography system. Anterior corneal topographic data was imported from it to the iASSORT software (ASSORT Pty. Ltd), which allowed the calculation of ORA and TD. Results. Mean magnitude of the ORA was 3.23 ± 2.38, 1.16 ± 0.50 and 0.79 ± 0.43 D in the keratoconus, subclinical keratoconus and control groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Mean magnitude of the TD was 9.04 ± 8.08, 2.69 ± 2.42 and 0.89 ± 0.50 D in the keratoconus, subclinical keratoconus and control groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Good diagnostic performance of ORA (cutoff point: 1.21 D, sensitivity 83.7 %, specificity 87.1 %) and TD (cutoff point: 1.64 D, sensitivity 93.3 %, specificity 92.1 %) was found for the detection of keratoconus. The diagnostic ability of these parameters for the detection of subclinical keratoconus was more limited (ORA: cutoff 1.17 D, sensitivity 60.0 %, specificity 84.2 %; TD: cutoff 1.29 D, sensitivity 80.0 %, specificity 80.2 %). Conclusion. The vector parameters ORA and TD are able to discriminate with good levels of precision between keratoconus and healthy corneas. For the detection of subclinical keratoconus, only TD seems to be valid.

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El derecho a la libre circulación y residencia han sido la clave de bóveda del proceso de integración europea, primero en la consecución del mercado interior y, desde su inclusión en el estatuto de ciudadanía europea, para el reconocimiento de un status jurídico común a todos los nacionales de los Estados miembros. Originariamente, las libertades comunitarias se concibieron sólo para los que ejercieran una actividad profesional, asalariada o no, en el territorio de la Comunidad. Esta postura se fue flexibilizando, ampliándose la libertad de circulación a ciudadanos que no ejercían actividades profesionales en el territorio de otro Estado miembro (estudiantes, jubilados, residentes y ciertos familiares). El desarrollo del proceso de integración europea, junto con la adopción de diversos actos jurídicos de Derecho derivado y la labor del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea (TJUE), ha favorecido una ampliación progresiva del ámbito personal de titularidad del derecho. La libre circulación de personas es una de las libertades básicas del mercado interior, cuyo contenido esencial implica un espacio sin fronteras interiores en el que esta libertad será garantizada conforme a las disposiciones del Tratado. Posteriormente, con la adaptación de la Directiva 2004/38/CE en los ordenamientos jurídicos de los Estados miembros, se pretendía potenciar la movilidad intracomunitaria y transformar el mercado único en un espacio de libertad de circulación, residencia y trabajo por cuenta propia y ajena para los nacionales de los Estados miembros. Sin embargo, tal y como se pone de manifiesto en el presente trabajo, este derecho no es absoluto, puesto que la Directiva lo somete a condición. De este modo, el beneficiario debe ser económicamente activo en cualquiera de sus manifestaciones o debe disponer de los recursos económicos necesarios para no convertirse en una carga excesiva para el Estado de acogida. Resulta evidente que el contexto de la crisis económica, unido al incremento de la movilidad ha motivado las tendencias restrictivas del derecho de libre circulación y residencia de los ciudadanos de la Unión Europea en el territorio de los Estados miembros.

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Es un estudio de varios diseños para conseguir una mayor seguridad vial en la glorieta de entrada a la Universidad de Alicante.