Inovação tecnológica nas PME e dinâmica regional em Portugal

Tese de dout., Economia (Economia da Informação), Faculdade de Economia, Univ. do Algarve, 2004

Parque habitacional na região do Algarve: uma contribuição da análise de clusters na definição de uma tipologia de freguesias, 1991-2001-2011

Partindo de 17 variáveis caracterizadoras do parque habitacional, provenientes das recolhas censitárias de 1991, 2001 e 2011, procedeu-se à classificação das 84 freguesias da região do Algarve. A aplicação da análise de clusters conduziu à obtenção de cinco agrupamentos de freguesias, nos três momentos de análise (1991, 2001 e 2011): Litoral Intensivo; Litoral Moderado; Rural Intermédio; Rural Profundo; e Centros Urbanos. A heterogeneidade entre os clusters é mais acentuada em termos da pressão sobre a ocupação do território e da forma de ocupação, nomeadamente o uso sazonal. Note-se que as tendências entre as duas décadas (1991-2001 e 2001-2011) são distintas. Entre 1991 e 2001 observou-se um aumento das freguesias que revelam sinais depressivos (Rural Profundo passou de 10 para 23 freguesias) enquanto as cidades se tornaram territórios com maiores dissemelhanças em relação aos demais, nomeadamente freguesias limítrofes (veja-se que o cluster Centros Urbanos passou a ser constituído, quase exclusivamente, por freguesias que integram cidades). Entre 2001 e 2011 parece haver uma reconfiguração do espaço, com o aumento de freguesias com indícios expansivos (Litoral Moderado passou de 11 para 30 freguesias) ao mesmo tempo que a ruralidade mais intensa se começa a dissipar (note-se que o Rural Profundo passou a constituir-se, essencialmente, por freguesias pertencentes ao barrocal e à serra algarvias). O conhecimento destas realidades constitui um pré-requisito para a identificação de soluções para freguesias com características comuns e um auxílio na difícil tarefa que é o planeamento e ordenamento do território da região do Algarve como um todo.

A value chain analysis of tuna industry in Ghana

Every can of tuna purchased by the consumer has taken a long journey before reaching the supermarket shelves. For each can bought there is a lengthy process from sea to shelf. A large proportion of the tuna cans purchased in the European Union come all the way from West Africa; a developing region with a high dependency on fisheries. Amidst an ever-increasing demand for tuna products the global tuna fisheries are set to continue expanding, apparently one of the last natural resource based industries fit to do so in West Africa. Tuna is the biggest fisheries export and dominates the fisheries sector in Ghana, a country situated in West Africa. This thesis aims to understand how this globally important industrial fisheries functions in terms of procedures, practices, Governance and finance. Socioeconomic influences, in the setting of a developing country, were also examined. For these purposes a Value Chain Analysis was employed. A Value Chain Analysis is a tool commonly used to understand how different companies and organizations participate in a domestic policy environment, which directs conclusion in the global economy. This analysis has the potential to allow researchers to fully understand a commodity chain and hence identify realistic opportunities for consequential improvements. Interviews and questionnaires were employed in-field Ghana along with secondary data collection techniques. It was found that the fisheries functions at the production level under influences from large multinational companies and tends to operate with a certain degree of lawlessness. Governance over the value chain is well defined, however implementation is poor or non-existent. The processors, whom are also dominated by multinationals, exert some control over the producers and their sales, however the high value links which are highlighted occur at the retail stage. Socioeconomic dynamics acting in the chain included the lack of communication between the public and private sector, power imbalances amongst players at production, the role of local businesswomen as actors in the chain and the general characteristics of the workers in the industry. Value addition and upgrading are needed the most in Governance over the chain, especially within Monitoring, Control and Surveillance. The results of the study provide a wealth of material about the components of a cost-heavy fishing industry in a developing country; an industry on which many eyes have recently turned due to illegal fishing activities. It highlights clearly where funding and future focus are needed. This value chain can be used as a guide for those that need to comprehend the financial complexities and real life dynamics of the Ghanaian tuna fishing industry today.

New competitors and their intra-industry effects: the case of the hotel industry

Dissertação de Mestrado, Finanças Empresariais, Faculdade de Economia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015