A influência das tecnologias de informação e de comunicação na procura turística: uma abordagem com dados em macro panel

Tese de Doutoramento em Métodos Quantitativos Aplicados à Economia e à Gestão, Especialização em Econometria, Universidade do Algarve

Aeroportos e turismo residencial. Do conhecimento às estratégias

Tese Dout., Turismo, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009

Sources of local knowledge spillover within the Algarve tourism region: evidence to identify a regional innovation system

Tourism sector in Algarve region is the main engine of regional economy. Although frequently, tourism is considered as a low – moderate innovative sector, tourism competitiveness is still highly dependent on specific features of a Regional Innovation Platform, highlighting the crucial importance of knowledge creation and diffusion, learning, cooperative and collaborative interaction that may evolve to a Regional Innovation System (RIS). Studies of Local Knowledge Spillovers have been frequently focused on empirical evidence provided by regions highly related with manufacturing sectors. Considering a case study in Tourism Algarve Region, emphasizing a theoretical character on the analysis of these areas and using a qualitative methodology, the goal of this study was to provide preliminary evidence of the main sources and vehicles of regional knowledge spillovers used by tourism enterprises. Main information has been obtained using primary information collected from 20 interviews over main stakeholders regarding regional private and public sector. Primary information was complemented with secondary information, a deeply and extensive bibliography revision and also statistical information. Results show that, on the one hand, main sources of knowledge used by micro and small tourism enterprises are human resources and formal and informal networks. On the other hand, large tourism companies are weakly related with regional sources using mainly internal company and economic group resources to generate innovation activities. Regional innovation platform shows clear weaknesses on linkages and coordinated initiatives to promote and support innovation performance of firms hampering to increase tourism competitiveness and regional development.

Percurso evolutivo do Ensino Superior em Portugal: a utilização do e-learning

O desenvolvimento das redes de comunicação desencadeou a possibilidade de proporcionar novos cenários de ensino e aprendizagem, embora com perfis ainda não completamente definidos. A problemática do e-learning entrou na agenda de debates dos temas educacionais, sendo que atualmente é um dos temas dos mais discutidos no domínio da utilização das tecnologias na educação/formação. O trabalho configura um levantamento acerca do número de cursos disponibilizados atualmente no Ensino Superior Português. Selecionando 95 universidades do sistema Público e Privado, foram considerados os cursos de 1º, 2º e 3º de estudos disponibilizados pelas mesmas, e contabilizado o número de cursos na modalidade de e-learning oferecidos. O Ensino Superior em Portugal passa por um período de acentuada massificação. Multiplicou o número de instituições, de cursos e de alunos neste nível de ensino. Como tal, e para contextualizar a situação atual que o Ensino Superior encara, e tomando as estatísticas disponíveis, é feita a descrição do número de inscritos, as idades e o número de cursos em funcionamento na última década. A generalização das redes de comunicação e a possibilidade de aprender à distância, estão a propiciar novos cenários de aprendizagem e formação. A grande vantagem deste sistema recaí sobre flexibilização do acesso aos materiais de estudo. As maiores limitações ao uso do sistema relacionam-se com os custos associados à aquisição de equipamentos e à manutenção das comunicações. O uso das tecnologias no ensino superior representa diversas mais-valias para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, como a flexibilidade de ensino, o acesso à educação de um maior número de indivíduos, sem que a presença física seja um requisito obrigatório e aumento do trabalho colaborativo. Numa perspetiva global, proporciona um ambiente cada vez mais enriquecido para o ensino e a aprendizagem.

A value chain analysis of tuna industry in Ghana

Every can of tuna purchased by the consumer has taken a long journey before reaching the supermarket shelves. For each can bought there is a lengthy process from sea to shelf. A large proportion of the tuna cans purchased in the European Union come all the way from West Africa; a developing region with a high dependency on fisheries. Amidst an ever-increasing demand for tuna products the global tuna fisheries are set to continue expanding, apparently one of the last natural resource based industries fit to do so in West Africa. Tuna is the biggest fisheries export and dominates the fisheries sector in Ghana, a country situated in West Africa. This thesis aims to understand how this globally important industrial fisheries functions in terms of procedures, practices, Governance and finance. Socioeconomic influences, in the setting of a developing country, were also examined. For these purposes a Value Chain Analysis was employed. A Value Chain Analysis is a tool commonly used to understand how different companies and organizations participate in a domestic policy environment, which directs conclusion in the global economy. This analysis has the potential to allow researchers to fully understand a commodity chain and hence identify realistic opportunities for consequential improvements. Interviews and questionnaires were employed in-field Ghana along with secondary data collection techniques. It was found that the fisheries functions at the production level under influences from large multinational companies and tends to operate with a certain degree of lawlessness. Governance over the value chain is well defined, however implementation is poor or non-existent. The processors, whom are also dominated by multinationals, exert some control over the producers and their sales, however the high value links which are highlighted occur at the retail stage. Socioeconomic dynamics acting in the chain included the lack of communication between the public and private sector, power imbalances amongst players at production, the role of local businesswomen as actors in the chain and the general characteristics of the workers in the industry. Value addition and upgrading are needed the most in Governance over the chain, especially within Monitoring, Control and Surveillance. The results of the study provide a wealth of material about the components of a cost-heavy fishing industry in a developing country; an industry on which many eyes have recently turned due to illegal fishing activities. It highlights clearly where funding and future focus are needed. This value chain can be used as a guide for those that need to comprehend the financial complexities and real life dynamics of the Ghanaian tuna fishing industry today.