Estudo da interacção de complexos de vanádio com a ca2+-atpase de retículo sarcoplasmático: análise estrutural e funcional

A bomba de cálcio de retículo sarcoplasmático é uma das proteínas mais extensivamente estudadas, capaz de interagir com várias espécies e compostos de vanádio. Combinando-se estudos de fluorescência com ensaios cinéticos de transporte e ligação de 45Ca à ATPase, avaliou-se o efeito de três complexos de vanádio na função bioenergética e estrutural de Ca2+-ATPase. Demonstrou-se que concentrações próximas dos valores de IC50 (para a hidrólise de ATP) de BMOV-V(IV) e de PDC-V(V) não inibem significativamente a acumulação de 45Ca por sarcovesículas. Por outro lado, o complexo PDC-V(V) mostrou ser capaz de estimular a ligação de 45Ca ao retículo sarcoplasmático, sugerindo que este complexos pode interagir com o domínio de ligação de cálcio à bomba. Vários estudos de fluorescência mostraram que BMOV-V(IV) e PDC-V(V) poderão ser capazes de induzir a conformação E2 (tal como soluções de “decavanadato” e de “monovanadato”) e E1 de Ca2+-ATPase (tal como soluções de “metavanadato”), respectivamente. Apesar de o composto HAIDA-V(IV) previlegiar a conformação E1 (devido à sua elevada afinidade para iões Ca2+), inibiu significativamente o transporte e a ligação de 45Ca, o que sugere que possa interagir com os locais de união de cálcio. Os resultados obtidos são consistentes com a formação de um aducto entre o composto de vanádio e a proteína, o que sugere um efeito na homeostasia intracelular de cálcio, nos sistemas de contracção muscular e, inclusive, nas vias de acção de insulina. Cada um dos três complexos promoveu respostas distintas na Ca2+-ATPase, sugerindo uma evidencia de actividades biológicas diversas em função da espécie química de V e do ambiente de coordenação.

Bio-synthesis of nanosized semiconductors using mine wastes as material sources

This work describes the synthesis of nanosized metal sulfides and respective SiO2 and/or TiO2 composites in high yield via a straightforward process, under ambient conditions (temperature and pressure), by adding to aqueous metals a nutrient solution containing biologically generated sulfide from sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The nanoparticles‘ (NPs) morphological properties were shown not to be markedly altered by the SRB growth media composition neither by the presence of bacterial cells. We further extended the work carried out, using the effluent of a bioremediation system previously established. The process results in the synthesis of added value products obtained from metal rich effluents, such as Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), when associated with the bioremediation process. Precipitation of metals using sulfide allows for the possibility of selective recovery, as different metal sulfides possess different solubilities. We have evaluated the selective precipitation of CuS, ZnS and FeS as nanosized metal sulfides. Again, we have also tested the precipitation of these metal sulfides in the presence of support structures, such as SiO2. Studies were carried out using both artificial and real solutions in a continuous bioremediation system. We found that this method allowed for a highly selective precipitation of copper and a lower selectivity in the precipitation of zinc and iron, though all metals were efficiently removed (>93% removal). This research has also demonstrated the potential of ZnS-TiO2 nanocomposites as catalysts in the photodegradation of organic pollutants using the cationic dye, Safranin-T, as a model contaminant. The influence of the catalyst amount, initial pH and dye concentration were also evaluated. Finally, the efficiency of the precipitates as catalysts in sunlight mediated photodegradation was investigated, using different volumes of dye-contaminated water (150 mL and 10 L). This work demonstrates that all tested composites have the potential to be used as photocatalysts for the degradation of Safranin-T.

Otimização da fragmentação e dos processos de fixação na reprodução assexuada do coral mole Sarcophyton sp.

Dissertação de mestrado, Aquacultura e Pescas (Aquacultura), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015

Papel das proteínas de choque térmico na apoptose mediada por espécies reativas de oxigénio em culturas celulares

Dissertação de mestrado, Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Ciências Biomédicas e Medicina, Universidade do Algarve, 2015

Identification of novel molecular determinants of tissue mineralization in fish

The identification of genes involved in signaling and regulatory pathways, and matrix formation is paramount to the better understanding of the complex mechanisms of bone formation and mineralization, and critical to the successful development of therapies for human skeletal disorders. To achieve this objective, in vitro cell systems derived from skeletal tissues and able to mineralize their extracellular matrix have been used to identify genes differentially expressed during mineralization and possibly new markers of bone and cartilage homeostasis. Using cell systems of fish origin and techniques such as suppression subtractive hybridization and microarray hybridization, three genes never associated with mechanisms of calcification were identified: the calcium binding protein S100-like, the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase sdr-like and the betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase bhmt3. Analysis of the spatial-temporal expression of these 3 genes by qPCR and in situ hybridization revealed: (1) the up-regulation of sdr-like transcript during in vitro mineralization of gilthead seabream cell lines and its specificity for calcified tissues and differentiating osteoblasts; (2) the up-regulation of S100-like and the down-regulation of bhmt3 during in vitro mineralization and the central role of both genes in cartilaginous tissues undergoing endo/perichondral mineralization in juvenile fish. While expression of S100-like and bhmt3 was restricted to calcified tissues, sdr-like transcript was also detected in soft tissues, in particular in tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. Functional analysis of gene promoters revealed the transcriptional regulation of the 3 genes by known regulators of osteoblast and chondrocyte differentiation/mineralization: RUNX2 and RAR (sdr-like), ETS1 (s100-like; bhmt3), SP1 and MEF2c (bhmt3). The evolutionary relationship of the different orthologs and paralogs identified within the scope of this work was also inferred from taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses and revealed novel protein subfamilies (S100-like and Sdr-like) and the explosive diversity of Bhmt family in particular fish groups (Neoteleostei). Altogether our results contribute with new data on SDR, S100 and BHMT proteins, evidencing for the first time the role for these three proteins in mechanisms of mineralization in fish and emphasized their potential as markers of mineralizing cartilage and bone in developing fish.

Study of the association of Gla Rich Protein (GRP) to human blood cells

Dissertação de mestrado, Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Ciências Biomédicas e Biomedicina, Universidade do Algarve, 2013

Os processos de formação do registo arqueológico de Vale Boi: uma abordagem geoarqueológica

Dissertação de mestrado, Arqueologia, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade do Algarve, 2015

Revisão das orientações terapêuticas da Hipertensão Arterial em ambulatório

Dissertação de mestrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2014