Electron-impact rotational excitation of the carbon monosulphide (CS) molecule

Rotational excitation of the carbon monosulphide (CS) molecule by thermal electron-impact is studied using the molecular R-matrix method combined with the adiabatic-nuclei-rotation (ANR) approximation. Rate coefficients are obtained for electron temperatures in the range 5-5000 K and for transitions involving levels up to J = 40. It is confirmed that dipole allowed transitions (Delta J = 1) are dominant and that the corresponding rate coefficients exceed those for excitation by neutrals by at least five orders of magnitude. As a result, the present rates should be included in any detailed population model of CS in sources where the electron fraction is larger than similar to 10(-5), in particular in diffuse molecular clouds and interstellar shocks.

Rotating massive main-sequence stars II. Simulating a population of LMC early B-type stars as a test of rotational mixing

Context. Rotational mixing in massive stars is a widely applied concept, with far-reaching consequences for stellar evolution, nucleosynthesis, and stellar explosions.