56 resultados para Wheat blast


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Observational data show an inverse association between the consumption of whole-grain foods, and inflammation and related diseases. Although the underlying mechanisms are unclear, whole grains, and in particular the aleurone layer, contain a wide range of components with putative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We evaluated the effects of a diet high in wheat aleurone on plasma antioxidants status, markers of inflammation and endothelial function. In this parallel, participant-blinded intervention, seventy-nine healthy, older, overweight participants (45-65 years, BMI>25 kg/m²) incorporated either aleurone-rich cereal products (27 g aleurone/d), or control products balanced for fibre and macronutrients, into their habitual diets for 4 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and on day 29. Results showed that, compared to control, consumption of aleurone-rich products provided substantial amounts of micronutrients and phytochemicals which may function as antioxidants. Additionally, incorporating these products into a habitual diet resulted in significantly lower plasma concentrations of the inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (P = 0·035), which is an independent risk factor for CVD. However, no changes were observed in other markers of inflammation, antioxidant status or endothelial function. These results provide a possible mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of longer-term whole-grain intake. However, it is unclear whether this effect is owing to a specific component, or a combination of components in wheat aleurone.

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Smith et al. (Reports, 27 February 2015, p. 998) identify wheat DNA from an 8000-calendar-years-before-the-present archaeological site in southern England and conclude that wheat was traded to Britain 2000 years before the arrival of agriculture. The DNA samples are not dated, either directly or from circumstantial evidence, so there is no chronological evidence to support the claim

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Arsenic (As) uptake and distribution in the roots, shoots, and grain of wheat (Triticum durum) grown in 2 As polluted soils (192 and 304 mg kg -1 respectively), and an uncontaminated soil (14 mg kg-1 ), collected from Scarlino plain (Tuscany, Italy), was investigated with respect with phosphorus fertilization. Three different level of phosphorus (P) fertilization: PO [0 kg ha-1], Pl [75 kg ha-1], and P2 [150 kg ha-1], as KH2PO4 of P, were applied. The presence of high concentrations of As in soils reduced plants growth, decreased grain yield and increased root, shoot and grain As concentrations, especially in the absence of P fertilization. The P fertilization decreased the As concentration in all the tissues as well as the translocation of As to the shoot and grain. This observation may be useful in certain areas of the world with high levels of As in soils, to reduce the potential risk posed to human health by As entering the food-chain. © by PSP.

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In this study we have investigated the uptake and distribution of arsenic (As) and phosphate (Pi) in roots, shoots, and grain of wheat grown in an uncontaminated soil irrigated with solutions containing As at three different concentrations (0.5, 1 and 2 mg l-1) and in the presence or in the absence of P fertilization. Arsenic in irrigation water reduced plants growth and decreased grain yield. When Pi was not added (P-), plants were more greatly impacted compared to the plus Pi (P+) treatments. The differences in mean biomass between P- and P+ treatments at the higher As concentrations demonstrated the role of Pi in preventing As toxicity and growth inhibition. Arsenic concentrations in root, shoot and grain increased with increasing As concentration in irrigation water. It appears that P fertilization minimizes the translocation of As to the shoots and grain whilst enhancing P status of plant. The observation that P fertilization minimises the translocation of arsenic to the shoots and grain is interesting and may be useful for certain regions of the world that has high levels of As in groundwater or soils. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.