Estudio ecológico comparado de los jarales de Madrid, I. Variación anual de la humedad del suelo

Durantedos años consecutivos se ha estudiado el contenido en agua de las capas superficiales del suelo de 29 parcelas pobladas por distintas unidades de jaral pertenecientes a la alianza Cistion laurifolii. Se aportan gráficas sobre la marcha de los contendio hídricos disponibles de los suelos, poniéndose de relieve la existencia de dos periodos: uno húmedo, caracterizado por existir agua disponible más o menos abundante, y otro seco en el que no existe agua disponible en los niveles superficiales del suelo. La duración de estos periodos se discute relacionándola con el régimen de precipitaciones, valorándose la importancia de éste frente a las precipitaciones totales anuales. Se comparan los distintos sintáxones para el factor hídrico por medio de análisis multivariables, determinándose la diferenciación de éstos en base a dicho factor.

Floristic notes of Sierra del Rincón Biosphere Reserve (Spain, Madrid province)

New records of vascular plants from Sierra del Rincón Biosphere Reserve and surroundings (Spain, Madrid province) are provided. It is noteworthy the presence of atlantic flora in this continental area and the different shrubby communities in different sectors with different litology: in areas with gneiss they are dominated by leguminous genisteae; where it is schistous, shale or quartzite they are heathlands.

Ecological comparative study of the rock-rose scrubs of Madrid, II. Soil-pH seasonal fluctuation

During twao years soil and litter pH of 31 permanent plots grown by several rock-rose scrubs (jarales) of Cistion laurifolii at different dynamic stages have been measured. Acidily records show the existence of important seasonal variations and according to a certain rythm. The different syntaxa are characterized as for this ecological factor and the results for these matorrals are compared with other data of heath-scrubs. Adult jaral-phases tend to decrease soil pH when compared with younger dwarf-scrubs-phases, nevertheless upper soil levels generally remain less acidic. Multivariable analysis do not show preference of t he different syntaxa for a certain soil-pH range.

the social economy as an alternative of self employment. profile of the entrepreneur in the andalusian labour companies

This paper provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the profile of the entrepreneur who decides to start business through a labor society in the context of the Autonomous Community of Andalucia. Thus, first the Social Economy is presented as an important alternative to creating and promoting employment, which seeks to combine economic and social objectives in the development of activities. Subsequently, focusing on labor companies, updated its importance in the regional economy for later data and through the analysis of two samples are available, set the attributes or most significant characteristics of these entrepreneurs.