THE ACHIEVEMENT OF EXCELLENCE IN BRAZILIAN PROGRAMS OF POST-GRADUATION STRICTO SENSU WITH A DOCTORATE IN NURSING

This study aimed to identify how the graduate programs in nursing stricto sensu evaluated by the Nursing field at Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, in the triennium 2007-2009, achieved excellence - grade 6. Descriptive exploratory study of nature documentary, which examined the data of Reports Indicators of these Programs at the site of the Coordination cited, in 2010. We analyzed 99 chips of 33 programs for the triennium 2007 to 2009, grouped in sub-clauses of Social and item categories for grades 6/7. Presents the indicators of excellence of Americans and Brazilians Programs, the results of the triennial assessment relating to sub-items of item 5 and the description of program performance specified for the grade 6. It follows that the excellence of Programs has been gradually achieved, with performance in certain categories as those required by international standards, overcoming the obstacles to the achievement of excellence in all its fullness.

O alcance da excelência por programas brasileiros de pós-graduação stricto sensu com doutorado em enfermagem

Objetivou-se identificar como os programas de pós-graduação em enfermagem stricto sensu, avaliados pela Área de Enfermagem da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, no triênio 2007-2009, alcançaram a excelência - conceito 6. Estudo descritivo-exploratório, de cunho documental, que investigou os dados dos Cadernos de Indicadores destes programas, disponibilizados no site da mencionada Coordenação, em 2010. Foram analisadas 99 fichas, de 33 programas, referentes ao triênio 2007 a 2009, agrupadas nos sub-itens do quesito Inserção Social e categorias para notas 6/7. Apresentam-se os indicadores de excelência de programas norte-americanos e brasileiros, os resultados da avaliação trienal referentes aos sub-itens do quesito 5 e a descrição do desempenho dos programas indicados para o conceito 6. Conclui-se que a excelência dos programas vem sendo gradativamente conquistada, com desempenho em determinadas categorias, semelhantes às exigidas pelos padrões internacionais, vencendo-se os obstáculos para o alcance desta excelência, em sua plenitude.

The identification of the pillars of education in the class comprehensiveness in healthcare

The objective of the present study was to verify, based on the analysis of student portfolio narratives, if the four pillars of education were approached in the class "Comprehensiveness in health care", part of the integrated curriculum of the Baccalaureate in Nursing Program of the University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing. A qualitative, documental study was performed using 46 portfolios constructed during the classes. Data collection was performed using an assessment tool that contained items addressing cognitive and affective dimensions. The data were submitted to thematic categorical analysis using the pillars of education as predefined categories. The results show that the pillars of education were, apparently, included in the class. Despite the present study findings, no evidence was found that the expected competencies were actually discussed among students and faculty, according to the records regarding the evaluations of each pedagogical cycle of the studied class.

LEISURE AND MENTAL HEALTH IN PEOPLE WITH HYPERTENSION: CONVERGENCE IN HEALTH EDUCATION

People with hypertension constantly deal with issues related to mental health due to the psychosocial determinants of this illness, and leisure is an important control strategy. The objective of this study was to promote health education to a group of hypertensive patients, through research-action, based on critical-social pedagogy, and taking into consideration the participants' perception of leisure. Educational activities were conducted and, following, an evaluation was performed regarding the subjects' opinion about the impact of leisure on their lives and mental health. The group perceived leisure as a coping strategy for loneliness and also as a late development of independence; it was also regarded as a means of socialization and as a promotion of mental health. These perceptions revealed two themes: aging, leisure, and chronic disease; and knowledge and leisure experiences. Educational actions, such as group dynamics and discussions, were planned considering these themes with the purpose of providing the necessary conditions for socializing and exchanging experiences.

The production of critical-reflexive narratives and their effect on nursing students' portfolios

The objective of this study is to analyze the process of producing reflexive narratives on nursing students' portfolios. This qualitative study performed an analysis of the portfolios of the class discipline Health Promotion in Primary Education, taught in the fourth semester of the Nursing Licensure Course. Results showed an initial predominance of descriptive records, with the incipient approach of theoretical aspects associated with the aspects regarding their experience. Further, in the group and experience discussions, there were narratives containing more critical and reflexive elements, with justifications for the described actions and the relationships with the theoretical-practical aspects studied in the class and in the course. In conclusion, there is a process of producing critical-reflexive narratives in portfolios that could include a summarized description, using common sense and idealization which allows for including the differences and the theoretical review.

Cursos de mestrado acadêmico na área de enfermagem: análise da carga horária

OBJETIVO: identificar, entre os cursos de Mestrado Acadêmico dos programas de pós-graduação em enfermagem brasileiros, analisados por ocasião da avaliação trienal (2007-2009) da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, a carga horária informada pelos programas para a formação de mestre. MÉTODO: trata-se de estudo descritivo, quantitativo, documental, com dados coletados em julho de 2010, mediante consulta aos relatórios da citada Coordenação, no quesito "Propostas dos Programas", dos Cadernos de Indicadores, disponíveis na web. RESULTADOS: foram encontradas discrepâncias entre as cargas horárias dos 32 cursos de Mestrado Acadêmico das diversas regiões do Brasil, sendo que a menor carga horária foi de 315 horas e a maior de 1.530 horas. CONCLUSÕES: há necessidade de maior discussão acerca da carga horária necessária à formação das competências e habilidades para o perfil desejado do egresso. O estudo propicia avanços no conhecimento da enfermagem, pois não foram identificadas investigações pregressas que tratem de tal tema. Espera-se que os cursos de Mestrado Acadêmico de enfermagem percebam-se nesse processo e revejam suas decisões pedagógicas, à luz dos novos modelos de formação/capacitação dos profissionais de enfermagem, centrados na ciência, tecnologia e inovação na área.

Comparative clinical study of the effectiveness of different dental bleaching methods - two year follow-up

This study evaluated color change, stability, and tooth sensitivity in patients submitted to different bleaching techniques. Material and methods: In this study, 48 patients were divided into five groups. A half-mouth design was conducted to compare two in-office bleaching bleaching techniques (with and without light activation): G1: 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) (Lase Peroxide - DMC Equipments, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil) + hybrid light (HL) (LED/Diode Laser, Whitening Lase II DMC Equipments, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil); G2: 35% HP; G3: 38% HP (X-traBoost - Ultradent, South Jordan UT, USA) + HL; G4: 38% HP; and G5: 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) (Opalescence PF - Ultradent, South Jordan UT, USA). For G1 and G3, HP was applied on the enamel surface for 3 consecutive applications activated by HL. Each application included 3x3' HL activations with 1' between each interval; for G2 and G4, HP was applied 3x15' with 15' between intervals; and for G5, 15% CP was applied for 120'/10 days at home. A spectrophotometer was used to measure color change before the treatment and after 24 h, 1 week, 1, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. A VAS questionnaire was used to evaluate tooth sensitivity before the treatment, immediately following treatment, 24 h after and finally 1 week after. Results: Statistical analysis did not reveal any significant differences between in-office bleaching with or without HL activation related to effectiveness; nevertheless the time required was less with HL. Statistical differences were observed between the result after 24 h, 1 week and 1, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months (integroup). Immediately, in-office bleaching increased tooth sensitivity. The groups activated with HL required less application time with gel. Conclusion: All techniques and bleaching agents used were effective and demonstrated similar behaviors.

THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF MANAGERIAL PROFILE COMPETENCIES FOR NURSE COORDINATORS IN THE HOSPITAL FIELD

The objective of this study was to construct a profile of managerial competencies, based on the consensus of nurse coordinators in the field. This study was developed in a philanthropic hospital in Sao Paulo, following the research-action model, and included 13 nurse coordinators as participants. The data collection was performed using the focal group technique. Data analysis was performed using the theoretical frameworks related to the working process and managerial competencies. The results identified the greater emphasis assigned to the competencies related to the mentor, coordinator and director roles. It was, therefore, possible to construct a professional development plan that is based on competencies in the technical, ethical-political, and communicative domains, as well as the development of citizenship. The analysis of the managerial working process and the study of the competencies within the managerial environment were shown to be important, because they highlighted the professionals' need to improve, thus fulfilling personal, professional, and organizational demands.

HOLISTIC WOMEN: "GREEN BLOUSE" NURSES TO THE SERVICE OF THE NATION

This study aims to investigate the role assigned to the holistic nurse and the education she receives to perform her role with maximum efficiency within the Brazilian Holistic Action (Acao Integralista Brasileira), a right-wing political party that emerged in Brazil in the 1930s. It uses holistic newspapers, the "Holistic Encyclopedia" collection, and records about the Holistic School of Nursing which compose the criminal collection by the Political Police, organized by the Special Police of Political and Social Safety as source material. As a result, the study presents a significant investment of holistic thinking in formally educating nurses, women who took the opportunity of the moment to expand their social arenas. It concludes that, although holistic thinking strengthened social roles described as female, the women's relationship with the movement was innovative because it enabled new practices and representations that they also started to develop in the public sphere, for example, working as nurses.

Global health competencies for nurses in the Americas

This article reports the findings from an online survey of nursing faculty from the United States, Canada, Latin America, and Caribbean countries to identify their perceptions about global health competencies for undergraduate nursing students. A list of global health competencies for medical students developed by the Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada Resource Group on Global Health and the Global Health Education Consortium was adapted for nurses and translated from English to Spanish and Portuguese. The competencies were divided into six subscales, and respondents rated each competency on a 4-point Likert scale, with high scores reflecting strong agreement that the competency was essential for undergraduate nursing students. E-mail invitations and links to the online survey were distributed using a nonprobability convenience sampling strategy. This article reports findings only from the respondents to the English and Spanish surveys. The final sample included 542 responses to the English survey and 51 responses to the Spanish survey. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients for the subscales ranged from .78 to .96. The mean values for all 6 subscales and for each of the 30 items were greater than 3.0 for the respondents to the Spanish survey, and the mean values for 27 of the items were greater than 3.0 for the respondents to the English survey. These findings suggest that respondents perceived the competencies as essential global health competencies for undergraduate nursing students in the Americas. Narrative comments written by respondents indicate additional competencies and specific concerns about adding additional content to an already full curricula. Results of this study can be used to guide faculty deliberations about global health competencies that should be incorporated in the nursing curricula.

ENSINO DE ENFERMAGEM EM CENTRO CIRÚRGICO: TRANSFORMAÇÕES DA DISCIPLINA NA ESCOLA DE ENFERMAGEM DA USP (BRASIL)

Este artigo tem por objetivos apresentar uma síntese da evolução do conteúdo de bloco cirúrgico na Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo (EEUSP) e uma reflexão sobre as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem (DCN). O estudo se desenvolveu a partir de um breve histórico do desenvolvimento da enfermagem em centro cirúrgico na prática profissional e sua inserção no currículo de graduação da EEUSP. As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais têm seu mérito ao assegurar às instituições de ensino superior a liberdade na composição da carga horária a ser cumprida para a integralização dos currículos e na especificação das unidades de estudo a serem ministradas, porém, as competências e habilidades propostas são inespecíficas. Entendemos que o enfermeiro generalista é aquele que tem oportunidades de aprendizado teórico prático para atuar em todos os cenários de cuidado, área e níveis de atenção em saúde.

Effectiveness of the polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine among HIV-infected persons in Brazil: a case control study

Abstract Background Polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for use in HIV-infected adults in Brazil but there is uncertainty about its effectiveness in this patient population. The main objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine against invasive pneumococcal infection among HIV-infected adult patients in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods A case-control study of 79 cases and 242 controls matched on CD4+ cell count and health care setting was conducted. Among HIV-infected adults in São Paulo, Brazil, with and without S. pneumoniae recovered from a normally sterile site; prior receipt of 23 valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine was determined by review of medical records and patient interview. Results After adjustment for confounding factors, the point estimate for the effectiveness of 23 valent polysaccharide vaccine among HIV-infected adults against all invasive pneumococcal infection was 18% (95% CI: <0 to 62%). Conclusion We were unable to demonstrate a statistically significant protective effect of 23 valent polysaccharide against invasive pneumococcal infection vaccine among HIV-infected adults in Brazil. While the vaccine is relatively inexpensive and safe, its effectiveness among HIV-infected adults in Brazil is uncertain.

A integralidade da assistência à criança na percepção do aluno de graduação em enfermagem

Estudo de abordagem qualitativa que objetivou identificar como alunos de graduação percebem a integralidade do cuidado da criança no seu processo de aprendizagem, em um Curso de Bacharelado em Enfermagem do interior paulista. Entrevistou-se 89 alunos em junho e dezembro de 2009. Os dados coletados foram analisados mediante análise de conteúdo, sendo identificadas quatro temáticas. A integralidade é vista como cuidado inteiro, envolvendo criança, família, condições de vida, meio ambiente. A instituição de ensino propõe inserção precoce do aluno na realidade; este desmistifica o ideal de cuidado, deparando-se com o real. O professor instiga o aluno a refletir sobre sua prática, para que esta faça sentido e também sejam apreendidos o saber e o fazer relacionado à integralidade do cuidado à criança.

Grupos de pesquisa em educação em Enfermagem: linhas de pesquisa e produção científica em três regiões do Brasil

Este estudo objetivou identificar as temáticas das linhas de pesquisa (LP) e da produção científica publicada pelos Grupos de Pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem (GPEE) das regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Pesquisa documental, descritiva e exploratória. Identificaram-se 12 GPEE, 45 linhas de pesquisa e 448 artigos científicos, 60% dos quais foram publicados em revistas A, B1 e B2. Nesses GPEE, 36% das LP foram sobre educação, porém somente 25% das publicações abordaram este assunto, enquanto 34% das LP enfocaram o tema cuidado, que foi objeto de 44% das publicações. Há necessidade de repensar a organização dos GPEE a partir de linhas e projetos de pesquisa para favorecer a consolidação da temática da Educação em Enfermagem na produção de conhecimentos da área.

Ambiente virtual de aprendizagem no ensino de Enfermagem: relato de experiência

Novas Tecnologias da Informação/Comunicação oferecem a opção do uso do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA), o qual possibilita maior interatividade no cotidiano do ensino de enfermagem instigando os educadores a repensarem suas práticas pedagógicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a experiência do emprego do ambiente virtual no ensino de enfermagem na perspectiva dos estudantes. A disciplina "Educação em Enfermagem: Tendências e Desafios" foi ministrada a 78 estudantes do 4º semestre do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem, dos quais 48 responderam um questionário com questões fechadas e, dentre estes, 33 responderam uma questão aberta sobre o uso do AVA. Os alunos consideraram o AVA uma ferramenta facilitadora da aprendizagem, do processo de construção do conhecimento e interação entre alunos, professores e tutores enriquecendo, assim, o compartilhamento de idéias e permitindo uma aprendizagem significativa e colaborativa. O estudo revelou a necessidade de potencialização do uso de AVA no ensino de graduação em enfermagem.