Guia de análises microbiológicas para cortes de aves in natura: elaboração e aplicação prática

An effective hygiene and sanitation inspection of meat and meat products is essential for its production and commercialization. For this reason, the national and international standards responsible for these products quality control employs microbiological analyses methods as quality control tools. In December of 2012, it was included in the Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA) website, a Microbiological Scope of food and water, which presents the replacement of some methods proposed by the Normative Instruction 62. Some of these methodologies are considered rapid, practical and convenient. However, other methodologies were still replaced by conventional ones, which presents disadvantages as incorrect interpretations of the microorganism phenotypical and biochemical characteristics, leading to the misinterpretation of test results. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive, practical and illustrative guidebook of microbiological analysis for in natura poultry cuts. The methods addressed in this guide are the official standards analysis required by the poultry cuts legislation, which are the Escherichia coli count, the thermotolerant coliforms count, the aerobic plate count and the detection of Salmonella spp. The approached methodologies for these analysis will be the AOAC 998.08, the Normative Instruction 62 and the ISO 4833-1:2013 and ISO 6579:2002, respectively. In these events, it is expected to obtain an enlightening and approved guidebook evaluated by laboratory technicians, which will help reduce the analytical subjectivity leading to a more reliable interpretation of the test results.

Utilização do mapa espacial de radiação e dose acumulada como ferramenta para otimização de doses em pacientes e trabalhadores nas clínicas de medicina nuclear

This study has as general aim to propose a spatial map of doses as an auxiliary tool in assessing the need for optimization of the workplace in nuclear medicine services. As specific aims, we assessed the workers individual dosimetry; we analyzed the facilities of the nuclear medicine services; and we evaluated environment exposure rates. The research is characterized as a case study, with an exploratory and explanatory nature. It was conducted in three Nuclear Medicine Services, all established in the Northwest of the Paraná State. Results indicated that the evaluated dose rates and workers dosimetry, in all the dependencies of the surveyed services, are within the limits of annual doses. However some exceeded the limits recommended in the standard CNEN-NN 3:01 (2014). It was concluded that the spatial map dose is an important tool for nuclear medicine services because it facilitates the visualization of areas with highest concentration of radiation, and also helps in the constant review of these measures and resources, aiding in the identification of any failures and shortcomings, providing resources to correct any issues and prevent their repetition. The spatial map dose is also important for the regular inspection, evaluating if the radiation protection objectives are being met.