Significado regional dos depósitos neogénicos continentais da área de Vila de Rei (Portugal Central)

In the Vi la de Rei arca (Central Portugal) the continental deposits ofthe Lower Tagus Tertiary 8asin lay upon the pediment of me Portuguese Central Chain. Three ronglomerate units are recorded from me base upwards. separated by regional or basinal unconfonnities: Conglomerados de Rio de Moinhos (RM); Conglomerados de Serra de Almeirim (SA) and Conglomerados de Vila de Rei (VR). The first two units (KM and SAl have been si les of gold exploitation in huge optn pit mines probably dunng Roman colonisation times. The contact ofthis units, on thc Paleozoie basement or on the Paleogene unil Grés de Monsanto, is unconfonn, defining in both limits a large nondepositional andlor erosional hiatus. Those conglomerates seal the scdimcntation ofthe Lower Tagus Tertiary Basin along irs northem border. Taking lnto account lhe significance /lssigned to their basinal unconfonnity limits, lhe uplift ofthe Portuguese Centra! Chain. and thc facl ofthis continental units yielded no fossils with chranostratigraphic significanee, they have been eonsidered ranging fram Uppcr Miocene to lhe beginning ofthe Qualemary. Finally, a lithostratigraphic equivalence with lhe Neogenic units ofthc Bierzo and Duema basins (NW ofthe Iberian Peninsula), where exploitalions from Roman limes are also evident, is presented.

The Political and Social Dynamics of Poverty, Poor Relief and Health Care in Early-Modern Portugal

By the end of the fifteenth century most European countries had witnessed a profound reformation of their poor relief and health care policies. As this book demonstrates, Portugal was among them and actively participated in such reforms. Providing the first English language monograph on this topic, Laurinda Abreu examines the Portuguese experience and places it within the broader European context. She shows that, in line with much that was happening throughout the rest of Europe, Portugal had not only set up a systematic reform of the hospitals but had also developed new formal arrangements for charitable and welfare provision that responded to the changing socioeconomic framework, the nature of poverty and the concerns of political powers. The defining element of the Portuguese experience was the dominant role played by a new lay confraternity, the confraternity of the Misericórdia, created under the auspices of King D. Manuel I in 1498. By the time of the king's death in 1521 there were more than 70 Misericórdias in Portugal and its empire, and by 1640, more than 300. All of them were run according to a unified set of rules and principles with identical social objectives. Based upon a wealth of primary source documentation, this book reveals how the sixteenth-century Portuguese crown succeeded in implementing a national poor relief and health care structure, with the support of the Papacy and local elites, and funded principally through pious donations. This process strengthened the authority of the royal government at a time which coincided with the emergence of the early modern state. In so doing, the book establishes poor relief and public health alongside military, diplomatic and administrative authorities, as the pillars of centralisation of royal power.

U-Pb geochronology and Nd isotope contributions to the interpretation of a peculiar ring massif: the Santa Eulália plutonic complex (SW Iberia, Portugal)

The Santa Eulalia plutonic complex (SEPC) is a late-Variscan granitic body placed in the Ossa-Morena Zone. The host rocks of the complex belong to metamorphic formations from Proterozoic to Lower Paleozoic. The SEPC is a ring massif (ca. 400 km2 area) composed by two main granitic facies with different colours and textures. From the rim to the core, there is (i) a peripheral pink medium- to coarse-grained granite (G0 group) involving large elongated masses of mafic and intermediate rocks, from gabbros to granodiorites (M group), and (ii) a central gray medium-grained granite (G1 group). The mafic to intermediate rocks (M group) are metaluminous and show wide compositions: 3.34–13.51 wt% MgO; 0.70–7.20 ppm Th; 0.84–1.06 (Eu/Eu*)N (Eu* calculated between Sm and Tb); 0.23–0.97 (Nb/Nb*)N (Nb* calculated between Th and La). Although involving the M-type bodies and forming the outer ring, the G0 granites are the most differentiated magmatic rocks of the SEPC, with a transitional character between metaluminous and peraluminous: 0.00–0.62 wt% MgO; 15.00–56.00 ppm Th; and 0.19–0.42 (Eu/Eu*)N ; 0.08–0.19 (Nb/Nb*)N [1][2]. The G1 group is composed by monzonitic granites with a dominant peraluminous character and represents the most homogeneous compositional group of the SEPC: 0.65–1.02 wt% MgO; 13.00–16.95 ppm Th; 0.57–0.70 (Eu/Eu*)N ; 0.14–0.16 (Nb/Nb*)N . According to the SiO2 vs. (Na2O+K2O–CaO) relationships, the M and G1 groups predominantly fall in the calc-alkaline field, while the G0 group is essencially alkali-calcic; on the basis of the SiO2 vs. FeOt/(FeOt+MgO) correlation, SEPC should be considered as a magnesian plutonic association [3]. New geochronological data (U-Pb on zircons) slightly correct the age of the SEPC, previously obtained by other methods (290 Ma, [4]). They provide ages of 306  2 Ma for the M group, 305  6 Ma for the G1 group, and 301  4 Ma for the G0 group, which confirm the late-Variscan character of the SEPC, indicating however a faintly older emplacement, during the Upper Carboniferous. Recent whole-rock isotopic data show that the Rb-Sr system suffered significant post-magmatic disturbance, but reveal a consistent set of Sm-Nd results valuable in the approach to the magmatic sources of this massif: M group (2.9 < Ndi < +1.8); G1 group (5.8 < Ndi < 4.6); G0 group (2.2 < Ndi < 0.8). These geochemical data suggest a petrogenetic model for the SEPC explained by a magmatic event developed in two stages. Initially, magmas derived from long-term depleted mantle sources (Ndi < +1.8 in M group) were extracted to the crust promoting its partial melting and extensive mixing and/or AFC magmatic evolution, thereby generating the G1 granites (Ndi < 4.6). Subsequently, a later extraction of similar primary magmas in the same place or nearby, could have caused partial melting of some intermediate facies (e.g. diorites) of the M group, followed by magmatic differentiation processes, mainly fractional crystallization, able to produce residual liquids compositionally close to the G0 granites (Ndi < 0.8). The kinetic energy associated with the structurally controlled (cauldron subsidence type?) motion of the G0 liquids to the periphery, would have been strong enough to drag up M group blocks as those occurring inside the G0 granitic ring.

On the spatial convergence of (un)employment in Portugal

Regarding the EU policies of territorial cohesion is common to assume that, having the same been successful (in Portugal), regional disparities decreased. The purpose of this article is to assess the veracity of this allegation, for that considering the values of employment and unemployment rates by municipalities, determined in the last two censuses held in Portugal, i.e. 2001 and 2011. In doing so, spatial econometric techniques are used, namely local indicators of spatial association and spatial clusters, in order to better understand the eventual process of spatial convergence that may have occurred in Portugal in that period. The results point towards a spatial convergence of employment rates (both in total and by genres) and also of female unemployment rates but a spatial divergence of male unemployment rates.

Thermal models, lithosphere thickness and heat flow in South Portugal. Some comments about the subject

Reinterpretation of old heat flow data or use of new data and new techniques of detection of the temperature under the surface have conducted to new heat flow density values in some regions of the globe. The problem of ice melting in Greenland and Antarctica caught the public's attention to the importance of knowledge on heat flow values and thermal structure of the globe. In the last years, several models were presented trying to obtain lithosphere and Moho thickness of the Iberia Peninsula. The work we intend to present is related with the SW part of the Iberia Peninsula ( south of the Ossa Morena zone, South Portuguese Zone and Algarve). The results obtained show a decrease in the thickness of the crust and the lithosphere in this region. Density anomalies in the crust are also referred. I intend to make the connection between the results of these models and the heat flow thermal conductivity, heat production and geological data available for the region, trying to explain the results of heat flow density data obtained.

La investigación en prácticas de Teatro y Comunidad: perspectivas desde Portugal y Brasil

La investigación en Teatro y Comunidad es transversal y presupone la movilización de diferentes conocimientos y metodologías. Estos, por su naturaleza y objetivos —artísticos, socioculturales, educativos y de desarrollo— se encuentran en zonas de intersección entre el Teatro, la Filosofía, la Educación, la Psicología Comunitaria, la Antropología y la Historia de la Cultura, llevando a la revaloración de la dinámica de las zonas fronterizas como posibilidades de encuentro y diálogo.

I Jornadas de Investigação em Educação

No desenvolvimento das suas atividades de ensino e investigação, o Departamento de Pedagogia e Educação da Universidade de Évora tem promovido a realização de diferentes cursos de mestrado, dando origem a múltiplas dissertações que são testemunho do trabalho levado a cabo no e pelo Departamento para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico na área da educação cujos resultados importa difundir. A realização das 1as Jornadas de Investigação em Educação permitiu ao Departamento de Pedagogia e Educação encontrar um momento de revisitação, partilha e divulgação de investigações que consubstanciaram dissertações produzidas nos últimos anos no âmbito dos Mestrados em Administração Educacional, em Avaliação, em Educação para a Saúde, em Questões de Género e Educação para a Cidadania e em Supervisão Pedagógica. Estas Jornadas não pretenderam ser uma mostra exaustiva dos trabalhos realizados, mas uma ilustração do esforço e dedicação com que muitas dezenas de estudantes analisaram múltiplos aspetos da realidade educativa, produzindo sobre ela discursos críticos empiricamente sustentados. E porque estes/as estudantes são também de múltiplas procedências será possível encontrar testemunhos de estudos realizados em Portugal, em Angola e no Brasil, contribuindo desta forma para ampliar o conhecimento sobre diferentes sistemas educativos. Não será demais explicitar o sentido que tem para nós a publicação/produção desta ‘obra’ coletiva. Convocamos o sentido atribuído por Bruner ao processo de externalização da aprendizagem ou do saber científico presente na produção de obras culturais. Este processo de externalização “salva a atividade cognitiva do implícito, tornando-a mais pública, negociável e solidária” (Bruner, 1996:46). É neste sentido que a publicação destes trabalhos académicos já apresentados e defendidos publicamente vem permitir agora expandir o seu alcance público, a sua possibilidade de ser permutável (agora entre quem escreve e quem lê), expandindo ainda o exercício solidário da partilha do conhecimento construído. Neste momento de comunicação e divulgação, o esforço da explicitação ganhou já uma nova consistência permitida pela distância crítica que os autores e as autoras ganharam com o tempo, agora livres da tensão avaliativa das provas que por vezes pode ser inibidora do pensamento e sobretudo da reflexão conjunta. A sua disponibilidade para o diálogo e a intersubjetividade criada com o público que participou nas jornadas foi evidente. Agora, na escrita dos trabalhos apresentados, este exercício de explicitação adquire nova forma, ganhando reflexividade e autonomia. Este processo de formação substanciado nos mestrados atrás referidos percorreu diversas fases (componente curricular, produção da tese, apresentação da tese) e, não estando nunca completo, vem agora lançar a necessária ponte para uma nova fase, permitindo uma mudança na participação e na identidade dos/das seus/suas autores e autoras que se assumem como investigadores e investigadoras de pleno direito, participando na comunidade científica alargada tendo a possibilidade de ver o seu trabalho discutido num processo de validação pública. Do ponto de vista da organização desta publicação optou-se por uma estrutura simples consubstanciada na criação de temas agregadores em torno dos quais se centram os estudos que agora se apresentam. As Jornadas puderam contar com a participação do Prof. Danilo Melo, da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, que proferiu a conferência inaugural, cujo texto abre também esta obra. Refletindo a já mencionada diversidade de percursos e temas em estudo, apresentam-se em seguida os textos sobre as seguintes temáticas: Administração, Avaliação, Igualdade de Oportunidades e Questões de Género, Desenvolvimento da aprendizagem, Biologia, Física e Química, Matemática e Literatura. Retomando Bruner e o sentido que ele dá à produção de obras, importa também realçar a possibilidade que esta oferece à comunidade onde é gerada de festejar e celebrar com orgulho o produto de trabalho conjunto, conferindo-lhe reconhecimento, identidade e um sentido de continuidade. Esta celebração foi já vivida durante as Jornadas onde estudantes e professores/as se reencontraram e reconheceram, agora já como pares, no oficio da produção científica. O livro agora publicado virá por certo reacender o orgulho naqueles e naquelas que aceitaram o desafio de participar nas Jornadas. Porque a obra agora é visível para um público mais alargado ela irá por certo incentivar novos diálogos e convidar novas gerações de investigadores e investigadoras a publicar os seus trabalhos e assim cumprirem o compromisso ético da partilha de conhecimento

Central Algarve karst system tufa-related dynamics, Portugal.

Geomorphological mapping is a powerful instrument improving the geomorphological interpretation and understanding of the processes and forms used in landscape studies, with the ability of organizing different thematic layers in the same map. The presented map provide relevant information about the different geomorphological units of the central Algarve (i.e. the Carboniferous flysch mountains; the Barrocal, with marly and karstified subunits), where a karst system is prominent. Solution karst morphologies and large dry areas are common in the elevated areas of the Barrocal, suggesting deep circulation of groundwater. These recharge areas feed the perched aquifers of the area, where discharge is controlled by the impervious lithologies (clay-rich strata of the turbidites, marls and argilites) in the valley bottoms or other leaks in dammed aquifers. In springs related to the main aquifers tufa are actively being formed and, close coupled to spring location, different tufa depositional systems develop.

A avaliação das escolas em Portugal: contributos para a melhoria da qualidade da educação

A qualidade em educação constitui uma das grandes preocupações de governantes, políticos, académicos e investigadores e tem sido uma questão amplamente debatida em encontros científicos e estudada em diversos programas de investigação educacional nos mais diversos países do mundo ocidental. A avaliação das escolas (interna e externa) são processos fundamentais para o desiderato da qualidade e da melhoria das escolas. Nesta comunicação apresentamos alguns dos resultados do projeto de investigação “Impacto e Efeitos da Avaliação Externa nas Escolas do Ensino não Superior”, financiado pela FCT (Projeto PTDC/CPE-CED/116674/2010), no sentido de responder ao problema de investigação – Que impacto e efeitos produz a AEE no primeiro e segundo ciclos do modelo, tendo em referência a melhoria da escola, a participação da comunidade e a implementação de políticas de accountability? Os dados empíricos recolhidos e analisados, permitem afirmar que a AEE tem produzido impacto e efeitos nas dimensões organizacionais e funcionais das escolas, os quais são visíveis: a) na melhoria da escola, mais a nível organizacional do que a nível curricular e dos modos de trabalho pedagógico, sendo o impacto nesta última dimensão reconhecido como reduzido ou inexistente; b) na aceitação e apropriação pela escola dos referentes utilizados no processo de avaliação externa e consequente consolidação da avaliação institucional; c) na participação da comunidade na vida social da escola, reforçando as parcerias existentes e dando voz aos diversos atores sociais que intervêm diretamente na escola; d) na institucionalização de planos de melhoria focados nas fragilidades identificas nos relatórios da avaliação externa das escolas; e) na monitorização de resultados académicos, embora sem efeitos visíveis; f) na apropriação do discurso da qualidade, da eficácia, da eficiência e da accountability nas escolas.

DICCIONARIO BIOGRÁFICO DE LA CATEDRAL DE CÓRDOBA (I): LOS MIEMBROS DEL CABILDO EN ÉPOCA MODERNA

This paper presents the first part of the biographical study of a representative number of the members of a Spanish cathedral chapter, that of Cordoba, between the last fifteenth century and the first years of the nineteenth century. To do that, I chose a format of simplified entries with basic information on the origin, parentage, studies and career of several hundred churchmen.

Energy consumption and energy efficiency in olive oil mills: case studies in Portugal and Spain in the frame of TESLA project

TESLA project (Transfering Energy Save Laid on Agroindustry) financed by the European Commission, had the main goals of evaluating the energy consumption and to identify the best available practices to improve energy efficiency in key agro-food sectors, such as the olive oil mills. A general analysis of energy consumptions allowed identifying the partition between electrical and thermal energy (approximately 50%) and the production processes responsible for the higher energy consumptions, as being the in the mill and paste preparation and the phases separation. Some measures for reducing energy waste and for improving energy efficiency were identified and the impact was evaluated by using the TESLA tool developed by Circe and available at the TESLA website.

Lithosphere Thickness, Heat Flow and Moho Depth in the South of Portugal

ABSTRACT In the last years, several models were presented trying to obtain lithosphere and Moho thickness in the Iberian Peninsula, using data related to geoid elevation and topography, gravity, seismicity and thermal analysis. The results obtained show a decrease in the thickness of the crust and the lithosphere in the SW part of the Iberian Peninsula. Density anomalies in the crust are also referred. The work I intend to present is related with the south of the Ossa Morena Zone, the South Portuguese Zone and the Algarve, in the south of Portugal. Data obtained in the region was collected and deviations from average values used were detected. Models were made taking into account the specific characteristics of the region. Heat flow, thermal conductivity, heat production, topography, gravity, seismic and geological data available for the region, are used to adapt the models. A special attention will be given to the spatial variation of heat flow values and to Moho depth in the region. The results show that this region is different from other parts of the Iberian Peninsula and a special attention must be given to it. The different values obtained using seismic, gravity, and geoid height data, and the results obtained with models using thermal data shows the importance of trying to know and understand the thermal structure of the regions. Problems related with the use of average values will be focused.

Contributos para o estudo da arquitectura cisterciense, em Portugal, no âmbito do Projecto ORFEUS: forma e música

Abstract This communication reflects the work done in the Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture at the University of Beira Interior (Portugal), and still ongoing, in the framework of the project ORFEUS - The Tridentine Reform and music in the cloistral silence: the Monastery of S. Bento de Cástris (Project FCT EXPL/EPH-PAT/2253/2013) and aims to bring the debate to a contribution to the study of the specificity of the monastery of St. Bento de Cástris in the context of Cistercian architecture, in which the shape and the music are intertwined. In this way, two dissertations have been developed in Architecture (integrated master course of architecture of the University of Beira Interior) within the project ORFEUS, which are divided by the importance and contributions of the Cistercian Architecture in contemporary religious architecture, the morphology of the Cistercian churches and the relationship between architecture and music in the specific case study of the church of the monastery of St. Bento de Cástris. Resumo Esta comunicação reflecte o trabalho desenvolvido no Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Arquitectura da Universidade da Beira Interior, e ainda em curso, no âmbito do Projecto ORFEUS - A Reforma tridentina e a música no silêncio claustral: o mosteiro de S. Bento de Cástris (Projecto FCT EXPL/EPH- PAT/2253/2013) e pretende-se com esta comunicação trazer a debate um contributo para o estudo da especificidade do Mosteiro de S. Bento de Cástris, no contexto da arquitectura cisterciense, no qual a forma e a música se entrelaçam. Neste sentido foram desenvolvidas duas dissertações de mestrado integrado em Arquitectura, no âmbito do Projecto ORFEUS, que se repartem pela importância e contributos da Arquitectura Cisterciense na Arquitectura religiosa contemporânea, a morfologia das igrejas cistercienses e a relação entre a arquitectura e música patente no estudo de caso da igreja do Mosteiro de S. Bento de Cástris.

Assessment of the Availability of Forest Biomass for Bioenergy Production in Southwest Portugal.

In 2014, Portugal was the seventh largest pellets producer in the World. Since the shortage of raw material is one of the major obstacles that the Portuguese sellets market faces, the need for a good assessment of biomass availability for energy purposes at both country and regional levels is reinforced. This work uses a Geographical Information System environment and remote sensing data to assess the availability and sustainability of forest biomass residues in a management unit with around 940 ha of maritime pine forest. The period considered goes from 2004 to 2015. The study area is located in Southwestern Portugal, close to a pellets factory; therefore the potential Contribution of the residual biomass generated in the management unit to the production of pellets is evaluated. An allometric function is used for the estimation of maritime pine above ground biomass. With this estimate, and considering several forest operations, the residual biomass available was assessed, according to stand composition and structure. This study shows that, when maritime pine forests are managed to produce wood, the amount of residues available for energy production is small (an average of 0.37 t ha -1  year -1 were generated in the study area between 2004 and 2015). As a contribution to the sustainability of the Portuguese pellets industries, new management models for maritime pine forests may be developed. The effect of the pinewood nematode on the availability of residual biomass can be clearly seen in this study. In the management unit considered, cuts were made to prevent dissemination of the disease. This contributes to a higher availability of forest residues in a specific period of time, but, in the medium term, they lead to a decrease in the amount of residues that can be used for energy purposes.

Urban public policies: towards the improvement of landscape ecological system. The case-study of the city of Évora, Portugal.

The Charter of European Planning 2013 presents a Vision for the future of European cities and regions, highlighting the sustainability of cities and the preservation of urban ecosystems, integrating the man-made environment with the natural ecosystems and contribute to the well-being and quality of life of their inhabitants and other stakeholders. Thus, urban public policies are crucial to the improvement of the landscape ecological system, achievable by city planning and design. The paper aims to analyse if public urban policies in Portugal have been integrating strategies and/or guidelines to enhance the ecological system of the landscape. Then, which new perspectives are possible, framed by the recently approved law Bases of Public Policy of Soils, Land Management and Urban Planning (2014). This new law, in contrast with the previous ones, don’t allow reserving land to urbanize, in municipal master plans. Moreover, it is possible to revert land classified for urban purposes in those plans into rustic soils (when it is not yet infra-structured or built). It allows creating new planning and design dynamics, convert several areas and including them in the urban ecological structure, essential to the enhancement of landscape ecological system. This is a filed of work where landscape architecture has huge responsibilities, by associating and harmonize man-made environment with natural systems, enlightening sustainability consistent with conservation and improvement of Nature while contributing to the well-being and quality of life of Man. A sustainability that is ethical, aesthetic, ecological and cultural. The study is supported by a case study – the city of Évora. The ultimate goal is to propose measures to promote larger and better integration of ecological component in urban public policies, framed by the new territorial management law, taking into account and highlighting the specificities of the landscape system – Man and Nature – at the local level.