Levels of insulin and HOMA-IR in adolescents in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico

An alarming rise of obesity in adolescents has been observed, placing them at risk of developing resistance to insulin (IR) and its adverse metabolic consequences such as diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Objective: To know the prevalence of obesity, and the levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR and its association with the BMIz, waist circumference and the pubertal stage in a random sample of adolescents. Materials and methods: 292 adolescents between 12 and 15 years (152 female and 140 male), whose anthropometric measurements (weight, height and waist circumference) were taken, body mass index calculated and Z-score determined. Blood glucose and insulin levels were evaluated from a sample of blood and their HOMA-IR was determined. Results: The results showed that 32.5% were obese, 22.3% were overweight and 23.6% showed adolescent central obesity. Glucose levels (p = 0.016), insulin (p = 0.0001) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.0001) showed significant differences in the group with obesity. Values of the three parameters were increased with the stage of puberty. We found significant differences in the levels of glucose (p = 0.0388), insulin (p = 0.0005) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.0001) between the prepubertal and postpubertal stages.

Terminal interruption of relux source technique in the treatment of active venous ulcers

Introduction: The treatment for venous ulcers in most cases is unsatisfactory, with recurrences and poor healing. Objective: to evaluate adjuvant therapy in the treatment of active venous ulcers. Methods: We analyzed 20 patients with active venous ulcers attending the general Surgery outpatient clinic at the “Dr. José eleuterio gonzález” University Hospital from October 2012 to January 2013. they were randomly divided into 2 groups: group A (11 patients) underwent compression therapy and group B (9 patients) underwent compression therapy plus removal of the vein that gives terminal relux to the ulcer, guided by ultrasound (microphlebectomy). Patients were evaluated weekly (8 weeks). At each assessment, photographs and lesion measurements were taken and pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale. Results: No significant differences were found between the study groups in terms of age, weight, height, body mass index (BMi), ankle-brachial index, and baseline measurement of the ulcer (p>0.05). Group B showed a greater reduction in ulcer size and a statistically signiicant lower score on the visual analog pain scale (p<0.05) from the second and third week of treatment, respectively. Conclusions: the results obtained in patients with surgical procedure (group B) are consistent with the reported eficacy of chronic venous ulcer treatment with saphenectomy (conventional surgery), the difference is that in this study we used a minimally invasive procedure (microphlebectomy).