Análisis del discurso histórico y el modelo literario en El Erizo, de Carlos Gagini /

Realiza el análisis del texto de la novela "El Erizo", con el fin de obtener una visión amplia de sus características: su estructura y la manera en que se enfoca el episodio histórico llamado Campaña Nacional. A partir del analisis, trata de ubicar la novela dentro de las corrientes literarias de la época y compara la imagen del héroe que presenta "El Erizo" con otros textos contemporaneos a esta novela histórica en los cuales también se aborda el tema de la Campaña Nacional.

El discurso oficial de los pequeños y medianos cafetaleros (1920-1940, 1950-1961)

ResumenEl discurso oficial de los pequeños y medianos productores de café muestra a) una relación inversa entre el grado de diferenciación social y el número y calidad de códigos sociales que se incorporan en la producción discursiva; b) que cuanto más diferenciado es socialmente el contexto social más se reducen las posibilidades de estructurar su discurso por medio de atribuciones polares; c) cuantos más códigos intervengan en la producción discursiva para aprehender una situación social determinada más diferenciada se torna esa realidad en la cognición social que de ella se tiene y, por consiguiente, más vulnerable se torna el grupo social que produce ese discurso de perder el control de su producción.AbstractThe explicit ideological statements of small and medium coffee producers show a) an inverse relationship between the degree of social differentiation and the number and quality of social codes included in these ideological expressions; b) that the greater social differentiation, there is less possibility of structuring ideological statements through polarities of attributions; c) that the more codes are involved in the production of such ideological statements for a given social situation, that reality will be less differentiated in social cognizance, and the social group producing such statements will be more vulnerable lo loss of control over its production.

Recepción y traducción en alemán de Mamita Yunai, de Carlos Luis Fallas

Se plantea la doble tipología entre una literatura marcada (la nacional) y una neutra (universalista) y sus posibles aplicaciones desde el punto de vista traductológico. Se exploran las dificultades y potencialidad de la traducción de las letras costarricenses, a partir del caso de una novela paradigmática costarricense (Mamita Yunai, de C. L. Fallas), su traducción y recepción en alemán. Mediante un análisis detenido de oportunos ejemplos, se explican aspectos esenciales del proceso traductológico. El rasgo central de este análisis es mostrar el binomio entre la neutralización (en su traducción) del discurso literario y el rescate de sus rasgos discursivos distintivos (del texto original).A double typology is posed between marked (national) and neutral (universal) Iiterature, and its possible applications from a translation standpoint. The difficulties and potential are explored for the translation of Costa Rican literature, starting with the case of a paradigmatic novel (Mamita Yunai, by C. L. Fallas), its translation and its reception in German. Through a detailed analysis of illustrative examples, essential aspects of the translation process are explained. The main objective of this analysis is to illustrate the issue of neutralization (in the translation) of literary discourse or conservation of distinctive discursive features (from the original text).

Las pastorelas, de José Trinidad Reyes, en el contexto independentista centroamericano.

El principal interés que tiene esta investigación es demostrar que existe detrás de la obra de este poco divulgado escritor, un discurso subversivo y desafiante, que buscaba la crítica de las conductas políticas y sociales a través de parlamentos religiosos y en apariencia inocentes. Un mensaje claramente político presentado al público por medio de la sencillez y la ingenuidad, tanto de los personajes como de las mismas situaciones, de naturaleza cotidiana.

¿Irrealidad o ficción? : La voz desgarrada de A. Quesada /

Presentación del libro de Álvaro Quesada, La voz desgarrada. La crisis del discurso oligárquico y la narrativa costarricenses, realizada en la Facultad de Letras, de la Universidad de Costa Rica, 6 de abril de 1989.

Towards modern municipal sports and recreation management in Costa Rica

Sports and recreation management is addressed here using a model that combines the policies and methodologies applied in the Costa Rican context as a result of a concern to identify the real needs in the sports, recreation, and health promotion fields through the different manifestations of human movement.  This approach has been developed during eight years of work in the Costa Rican Sports and Recreation Institute (Instituto Costarricense del Deporte y la Recreación-ICODER) together with different Costa Rican communities, both rural and urban, and local organizations, such as Comprehensive Development Community Associations, Sports and Recreation Community Boards (CCDR), Municipal Mayorships, and NGOs, among others.  This article particularly takes into consideration the experience of the CCDRs as entities that have been given the responsibility by the Costa Rican Government to promote and manage municipal sports and recreation services with a convenient offering that would meet the needs of users or customers.  In this way, this article is aimed at answering the question on how Boards should conduct an efficient management in a way that they also meet the needs of public users or customers in the municipalities of the country, by proposing a management model that serves as an additional instrument to improving the already existing services managed by the aforementioned entities.  This study presents a model of Costa Rican management structured with the theoretical elements that currently define the organization and planning of sports and recreation as a service.

Effect of firefighter boots and viscoelastic insoles on the impact force of the ground reaction force’s vertical component

The aims of the present study were to determine the effect of firefighter's boots on the vertical component of the ground reaction force (GRF) at heel strike, also known as heel strike transient and to analyze the effect of the viscoelastic insoles placed into the firefighter’s boots on this force during the gait. The magnitude of the impact force (FZI) from the vertical ground reaction force, the time to the production of this force (TZI) and the loading rate (GC) were registered. 39 firefighters without any pathology during 2 years before the study were recruited. Three different walking conditions were tested: 1) gait with firefighter's boots, 2) gait with firefighter's boots and viscoelastic insoles and 3) gait with sport shoes. The results showed a higher production and magnitude of the impact force during gait with firefighter's boots than during gait with sport shoes (13,1 vs. 2,6 % of occurrence of the impact force and 61,39 ± 35,18 %BW (body weight) vs. 49,38 ± 22,99 %BW, respectively). The gait with viscoelastic insoles placed into the firefighter's boots did not show significant differences in any of the parameters characterizing the impact force compared to the gait without insoles. The results of this study show a lower cushioning of the impact force during the gait with firefighter's boots in comparison to the gait with sport shoes and the inefficiency of the viscoelastic insoles placed inside the firefighter's boots to ameliorate the cushioning of the impact force at natural walking speed.

Reforma en salud penitenciaria. Recorrido por el sistema de atencióm de la salud en las cárceles de la provincia de Buenos Aires

ResumenEl análisis de la dinámica del sistema de atención de la salud en el ámbito de las cárceles de la provincia de Buenos Aires, permite comprender las concepciones que, en torno a la violencia y a la población carcelaria, se hacen quienes definen la política sanitaria interna y a los funcionarios menores que la implementan en cada unidad penitenciaria; constituye una puerta de entrada para conocer y comprender la lógica de funcionamiento de cada unidad penitenciaria. Así, proponemos transitar este sistema con el objeto de plantear que la coexistencia de normas contradictorias, normas escritas proclamadas por el discurso oficial y normas impuestas por la vida en el interior del sistema carcelario, en tanto condición del funcionamiento del sistema, se ha convertido en un contrasentido que tiene una lógica propia de funcionamiento. Lo haremos recorriendo la trayectoria de una de las personas detenidas, a través de los registros realizados en su legajo sanitario (historia clínica), como trayectoria socioinstitucional que da cuenta del despliegue de la maquinaria penitenciaria sobre los cuerpos.AbstractThe analysis of the dynamic of the health system attention in the ambit of jails of the province of Buenos Aires, allows the understanding of the conceptions that -around violence and of prison population- those who define the sanitary internal politics and implement it in every penitentiary unit have; it constitutes a clue to understand the functioning logic of every penitentiary unit. So, we propose to travel this system in order to raise that the coexistence of contradictory procedures, written procedures proclaimed by the official discourse and imposed by the life inside the prison system, as a condition of the functioning of the system, have turned into an absurdity that has an own logic of functioning. We will do the analysis by going across the path of one of the arrested persons, across the records performed in his sanitary file (clinical history), as socio institutional path which accounts for the penitentiary machinery display on the bodies.