The challenge of generic competences to science education

Since 2000 there has been pressure on education systems for develop in students a number of competences that are described as generic. This pressure stems from studies of the changing nature of work in the Knowledge Society that is now so dominant. The DeSeCo project identified a number of these competences, and listed them under the headings of communicative, analytical and personal. They include thinking, creativity, communication skills, knowing how to learn, working in teams, adapting to change, and problem solving. These competences pose a substantial challenge to the manner in which education as a whole, and science education in particular, has hitherto been generally conceived. It is now common to find their importance acknowledged in new formulation of the curriculum. The paper reviews a number of these curriculum documents and how they have tried to relate these competences to the teaching and learning of Science, a subject with its own very specific content for learning. It will be suggested that the challenge provides an opportunity for a reconstruction of the teaching and learning of science in schools that will increase its effectiveness for more students.

A novel testing system for a Cycloidal drive

At present, for mechanical power transmission, Cycloidal drives are most preferred - for compact, high transmission ratio speed reduction, especially for robot joints and manipulator applications. Research on drive-train dynamics of Cycloidal drives is not well-established. This paper presents a testing rig for Cycloidal drives, which would produce data for development of mathematical models and investigation of drive-train dynamics, further aiding in optimising its design