The reasonant influence of supply chain management practices on organizational performance

A single supply chain management (SCM) practice will have a certain impact on organizational performance(OP). However, since it is placed in a system that many other practices are conducted simultaneously, the practice itself will interact with other ones and have a greater impact on OP. This mechanism is named the "resonant" influence. The technique of Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the above mechanism with data collected from Vietnamese garment enterprises. The tcst results showed that the model without mutual interaction among SCM practices could explain 42.8%, 26.3% and 34% variance of operational performance, customer satisfaction and financial performance. While the one containing this interaction is capable to explain 69.5%, 33.1% and 57.3%, respectively.

A soft computing approach to kidney diseases evaluation

Kidney renal failure means that one’s kidney have unexpectedly stopped functioning, i.e., once chronic disease is exposed, the presence or degree of kidney dysfunction and its progression must be assessed, and the underlying syndrome has to be diagnosed. Although the patient’s history and physical examination may denote good practice, some key information has to be obtained from valuation of the glomerular filtration rate, and the analysis of serum biomarkers. Indeed, chronic kidney sickness depicts anomalous kidney function and/or its makeup, i.e., there is evidence that treatment may avoid or delay its progression, either by reducing and prevent the development of some associated complications, namely hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular complications. Acute kidney injury appears abruptly, with a rapid deterioration of the renal function, but is often reversible if it is recognized early and treated promptly. In both situations, i.e., acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, an early intervention can significantly improve the prognosis.The assessment of these pathologies is therefore mandatory, although it is hard to do it with traditional methodologies and existing tools for problem solving. Hence, in this work, we will focus on the development of a hybrid decision support system, in terms of its knowledge representation and reasoning procedures based on Logic Programming, that will allow one to consider incomplete, unknown, and even contradictory information, complemented with an approach to computing centered on Artificial Neural Networks, in order to weigh the Degree-of-Confidence that one has on such a happening. The present study involved 558 patients with an age average of 51.7 years and the chronic kidney disease was observed in 175 cases. The dataset comprise twenty four variables, grouped into five main categories. The proposed model showed a good performance in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, since the sensitivity and the specificity exhibited values range between 93.1 and 94.9 and 91.9–94.2 %, respectively.

An assessment of chronic kidney diseases

Kidney renal failure means that one’s kidney have unexpectedlystoppedfunctioning,i.e.,oncechronicdiseaseis exposed, the presence or degree of kidney dysfunction and its progression must be assessed, and the underlying syndrome has to be diagnosed. Although the patient’s history and physical examination may denote good practice, some key information has to be obtained from valuation of the glomerular filtration rate, and the analysis of serum biomarkers. Indeed, chronic kidney sickness depicts anomalous kidney function and/or its makeup, i.e., there is evidence that treatment may avoid or delay its progression, either by reducing and prevent the development of some associated complications, namely hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular complications. Acute kidney injury appears abruptly, with a rapiddeteriorationoftherenalfunction,butisoftenreversible if it is recognized early and treated promptly. In both situations, i.e., acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, an early intervention can significantly improve the prognosis. The assessment of these pathologies is therefore mandatory, although it is hard to do it with traditional methodologies and existing tools for problem solving. Hence, in this work, we will focus on the development of a hybrid decision support system, in terms of its knowledge representation and reasoning procedures based on Logic Programming, that will allow onetoconsiderincomplete,unknown,and evencontradictory information, complemented with an approach to computing centered on Artificial Neural Networks, in order to weigh the Degree-of-Confidence that one has on such a happening. The present study involved 558 patients with an age average of 51.7 years and the chronic kidney disease was observed in 175 cases. The dataset comprise twenty four variables, grouped into five main categories. The proposed model showed a good performance in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, since the sensitivity and the specificity exhibited values range between 93.1 and 94.9 and 91.9–94.2 %, respectively.

Thrombophilia screening: An artificial neural network approach

Thrombotic disorders have severe consequences for the patients and for the society in general, being one of the main causes of death. These facts reveal that it is extremely important to be preventive; being aware of how probable is to have that kind of syndrome. Indeed, this work will focus on the development of a decision support system that will cater for an individual risk evaluation with respect to the surge of thrombotic complaints. The Knowledge Representation and Reasoning procedures used will be based on an extension to the Logic Programming language, allowing the handling of incomplete and/or default data. The computational framework in place will be centered on Artificial Neural Networks.

In vitro digestion and stability assessment of b-lactoglobulin/riboflavin nanostructures

B-Lactoglobulin (b-Lg) is the major protein fraction of bovine whey serum and a primary gelling agent. b-Lg has a high nutritional value, is stable at low pH being highly resistant to proteolytic degradation in the stomach, besides, it has the ability of acting as an encapsulating agent. This study aims at assessing the ability of b-Lg nanostructures to associate a nutraceutical - i.e. riboflavin - and release it in a controlled manner throughout an in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) system. For this reason b-Lg nanostructures loaded with riboflavin were critically characterized in terms of their morphology (i.e. size, polydispersity, -potential and shape) by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and efficiency to associate to riboflavin through spectrofluorimetry. Furthermore, these nanocomplexes were evaluated in an in vitro GI model, simulating the physiological conditions. Stable b-Lg nanostructures were obtained at pH 6, of spherical shape, characterized by particle size of 172±1 nm, low polydispersity (i.e. PDI of 0.06±0.02), -potential of -32±3 mV and association efficiency (AE) of 26±1 %. b-Lg nanostructures showed to be stable upon their passage throughout stomach (i.e. particle size, PDI and potential of 248±10 nm, 0.18±0.03 and 18±3 mV, respectively). Concerning their passage throughout the intestine, such nanostructures were mostly degraded in the duodenum. Regarding riboflavin, a release of about 11 % was observed after their passage through stomach, while 35 %, 38 % and 5 % were the released percentages of the total riboflavin associated observed after passage through duodenum, jejunum and ileum, respectively. Hence,b-Lg nanostructures showed to be suitable carriers for riboflavin until the intestine, where their degradation occurs. b-Lg also showed to be structurally stable, under food simulant conditions (yoghurt simulant, composed of 3 % acetic acid), over 14 days, with a protective effect upon riboflavin activity, releasing it in a 7 day period.

Webfólio de aprendizagem: contributos para a promoção da autonomia e reflexividade em estudantes do 12º ano de escolaridade

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Informática

Culturas alimentares en proceso de cambio

[Excerto] Introdução: O ato alimentar é uma necessidade vital porque, sem nutrientes o organismo não sobrevive. Mas é essencialmente um ato social e simbólico dado que, envolve uma multiplicidade de condicionantes unidas por complexas interações e inter-relações entre o meio ambiente e homem que condicionam as diferentes fases do sistema alimentar. Decidir pelo paradigma científico ecosofico-ecológico é adotar uma perspetiva do estudo da alimentação no tempo, o que sugere uma visão holística e ecossistémica das interações, retroações e inter-relações dinâmicas entre a alimentação, a ecologia e a sociedade, que remetem para o método multidimensional e diferentes níveis de análise. (...)

Alimentação e tempos sociais

[Excerto] INTRODUÇÃO: Falar dos tempos alimentares é ter em consideração as diferentes dimensões do tempo em relação à alimentação. Apesar do ato alimentar ser uma necessidade vital porque, sem nutrientes o organismo não sobrevive, cadenciado por tempos biológicos, é também um ato social e simbólico dado que, envolve uma multiplicidade de condicionantes unidas por complexas interações que influenciam as diferentes fases do sistema alimentar e as diferentes dimensões do tempo, tempo cósmico, tempo ecológico, tempos histórico e social, tempo tecnológico e tempo criativo dos sujeitos entre outros. No ato alimentar, "o homem biológico e o homem social ou cultural estão ligados e reciprocamente implicados" (Contreras, 1993: 12). De facto, quando um indivíduo se alimenta no tempo e com o tempo desencadeia uma multiplicidade de aspetos que remete para diferentes dimensões do fenómeno alimentar interligadas tais como a biológica, a ecológica, a tecnológica, a económica, a política, a histórica, a social, a cultural, a nutricional-dietética, a gustativa, a identidade, a sociabilidade e a saúde. (...)

A luz da espiritualidade na cultura pós-moderna

A divulgação da espiritualidade através dos movimentos sociais da Nova Era está a desencadear a transformação dialética do indivíduo num sentido profundo de união com o cosmos. Com o desenvolvimento tecnológico, a internet revolucionou o modo de disseminação da informação ao facultar livremente o acesso a conteúdos sobre a filosofia oriental na base destes movimentos. No contexto de rutura com o modelo cultural judaico-cristão, os indivíduos reconheceram nestas filosofias os modos de sentir para os quais, até então, não tinham obtido qualquer esclarecimento. Paralelamente, assiste-se à modificação do paradigma cultural regido pelas religiões tradicionais para a emergência do paradigma ecológico centrado na ética e na espiritualidade. Atualmente, em Portugal, o fenómeno social tem evidenciado ruturas nas práticas culturais dos indivíduos. A cultura da Nova Era exalta o rompimento com os modelos tradicionais e exalta a luz como signo e símbolo de uma nova era cultural. O clima ideológico criado pelos iluministas e potenciado pela Revolução Francesa parece estar a (re)emergir na cultura ocidental, em plena pós-modernidade, à luz de ideais reconfiguradas na espiritualidade, na noção de unidade, de religação com o cosmos, dos quais falam diversos autores como Boff, Giddens entre outros. A ideia da espiritualidade, da transcendência humana, do domínio interestelar do qual falam os movimentos espirituais da Nova Era está presente em diversos domínios da cultura pós-moderna. A ideia de luz surge como signo, sentido e simbologia principal, é a palavra mais amplamente difundida na cultura New Age. É deste modo que, por exemplo, a cocriação preenche o signo da luz repleto de sentidos, como ideia de exaltação da busca por uma espiritualidade simbolicamente individual e que se (re)cocria socialmente sob o signo principal da luz. O significado de luz e de espiritualidade do qual falam os movimentos espiritualistas tem merecido amplo destaque na publicidade, reproduzindo os sentidos de luminosidade que difundem os movimentos da Nova Era. Frequentemente, encontram-se inúmeras destas referências simbólicas em produtos e subprodutos culturais que nos circundam. Em certa medida, o individualismo reinventa-se através da espiritualidade dos tempos deste novo século. Ou seja, revela-se na espiritualidade voltada para si próprio, na busca do seu “eu” interno, na procura da essência de si mesmo.

Production of whey protein-based aggregates under ohmic heating

Formation of whey protein isolate protein aggregates under the influence of moderate electric fields upon ohmic heating (OH) has been monitored through evaluation of molecular protein unfolding, loss of its solubility, and aggregation. To shed more light on the microstructure of the protein aggregates produced by OH, samples were assayed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results show that during early steps of an OH thermal treatment, aggregation of whey proteins can be reduced with a concomitant reduction of the heating chargeby reducing the come-up time (CUT) needed to reach a target temperatureand increase of the electric field applied (from 6 to 12 V cm1). Exposure of reactive free thiol groups involved in molecular unfolding of -lactoglobulin (-lg) can be reduced from 10 to 20 %, when a CUT of 10 s is combined with an electric field of 12 V cm1. Kinetic and multivariate analysis evidenced that the presence of an electric field during heating contributes to a change in the amplitude of aggregation, as well as in the shape of the produced aggregates. TEM discloses the appearance of small fibrillar aggregates upon the influence of OH, which have recognized potential in the functionalization of food protein networks. This study demonstrated that OH technology can be used to tailor denaturation and aggregation behavior of whey proteins due to the presence of a constant electric field together with the ability to provide a very fast heating, thus overcoming heat transfer limitations that naturally occur during conventional thermal treatments.