D'une littérature mal nommée

Depuis les années 1980, lorsqu’elle émerge associée à la Marche des Beurs, de son vrai nom Marche pour l’égalité et contre le racisme, la littérature produite par les écrivains français nés de parents immigrés du Maghreb fait l’objet d’une revendication de reconnaissance et de légitimation culturelle qui prolonge la revendication politique d’intégration à la société française des populations issues de l’immigration. L’histoire de ce mouvement littéraire est donc celle de la lutte pour une place dans le champ littéraire français moyennant l’accès au dispositif institutionnel qui y introduit œuvre et auteur : maisons d’édition, presse et médias audiovisuels, librairies, prix littéraires, universités. Cet appareil de reconnaissance et de légitimation, Michel Laronde l’appelle l’Institution. L’un des instruments de l’Institution est la catégorisation.

Discussing Chevalier’s data on the efficiency of tariffs for american and french canals in the 1830s

This article revisits Michel Chevalier’s work and discussions of tariffs. Chevalier shifted from Saint-Simonism to economic liberalism during his life in the 19th century. His influence was soon perceived in the political world and economic debates, mainly because of his discussion of tariffs as instruments of efficient transport policies. This work discusses Chevalier’s thoughts on tariffs by revisiting his masterpiece, Le Cours d’Économie Politique. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was conducted to test Chevalier’s hypothesis on the inefficiency of French tariffs. This work showed that Chevalier’s claims on French tariffs are not validated by DEA.

Stress, cognitive appraisal, and psychological health: testing instruments for health professionals

The job of health professionals, including nurses, is considered inherently stressful (Lee & Wang, 2002; Rutledge et al., 2009), and thus it is important to improve and develop specific measures that are sensitive to the demands that health professionals face. This study analysed the psychometric properties of three instruments that focus on the professional experiences of nurses in aspects related to occupational stress, cognitive appraisal, and mental health issues. The evaluation protocol included the Stress Questionnaire for Health Professionals (SQHP; Gomes, 2014), the Cognitive Appraisal Scale (CAS; Gomes, Faria, & Gonçalves, 2013), and the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12; Goldberg, 1972). Validity and reliability issues were considered with statistical analysis (i.e. confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and composite reliability) that revealed adequate values for all of the instruments, namely, a six-factor structure for the SQHP, a five-factor structure for the CAS, and a two-factor structure for the GHQ-12. In conclusion, this study proposes three consistent instruments that may be useful for analysing nurses’ adaptation to work contexts.