16 resultados para Diagnóstico prenatal
em Universidade do Minho
Resumo:
Este artigo propõe uma nova metodologia para Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PME), destinada a caracterizar o seu desempenho na gestão da qualidade, destacando pontos fracos e áreas de melhoria. A metodologia visa identificar as principais causas dos problemas de qualidade e ajuda a estabelecer prioridades na definição de iniciativas de melhoria. Trata-se de uma metodologia de diagnóstico fácil de implementar por empresas com baixo nível de maturidade na gestão da qualidade. A metodologia está organizada em seis etapas diferentes que incluem a recolha de informação sobre processos e subprocessos de gestão da qualidade, definidos com base na Trilogia de Juran, e sobre categorias de resultados preestabelecidas. Para aperfeiçoar e validar a metodologia proposta, foram realizados dois casos de estudo. A aplicação da metodologia foi bem sucedida em ambos os casos. Posteriormente, foi elaborado um relatório sobre o estado da qualidade em cada empresa, que inclui a definição de prioridades de eliminação das causas na origem de maus desempenhos. A metodologia pode ser adaptada para melhor se adequar às necessidades de empresas de diferentes setores, quer pela revisão dos seus processos, quer pela integração de novas ferramentas ou pelo aperfeiçoamento das existentes. Devido à sua simplicidade e abrangência, considera-se que a metodologia desenvolvida pode ser aplicada como ferramenta de autodiagnóstico para a melhoria contínua.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Psicologia
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Eletrónica Industrial e Computadores
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Programa Doutoral em Engenharia Eletrónica e de Computadores
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Dissertação de mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Civil
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A hérnia inguinal é uma das patologias mais frequentes que se coloca ao Cirurgião Geral. Muitas vezes considerada de menor importância, esta acarreta um impacto importante quer pela interferência na qualidade de vida diária do doente quer em termos sociais pelo absentismo laboral. A evolução do conhecimento anatómico e da técnica cirúrgica permitiu ao cirurgião dispor de diversas técnicas, colocando hoje em dia o problema na seleção da melhor técnica cirúrgica para cada doente. Neste artigo, os autores descrevem a anatomia da região inguinal do ponto de vista da abordagem cirúrgica, os fatores predisponentes e desencadeantes do aparecimento da hérnia inguinal, o diagnóstico desta patologia e a evolução da cirurgia; abordando alguns temas de controvérsia atual no tratamento desta patologia.
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Trabalho de projeto de mestrado em Políticas Comunitárias e Cooperação Territorial
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Dissertação de mestrado em Comunicação, Arte e Cultura
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Dissertação de mestrado em Gestão de Unidades de Saúde
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Background. This prospective cohort study explored the effects of prenatal and postpartum depression on breastfeeding and the effect of breastfeeding on postpartum depression. Method. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was administered to 145 women at the first, second and third trimester, and at the neonatal period and 3 months postpartum. Self-report exclusive breastfeeding since birth was collected at birth and at 3, 6 and 12 months postpartum. Data analyses were performed using repeated-measures ANOVAs and logistic and multiple linear regressions. Results. Depression scores at the third trimester, but not at 3 months postpartum, were the best predictors of exclusive breastfeeding duration (β =−0.30, t=−2.08, p<0.05). A significant decrease in depression scores was seen from childbirth to 3 months postpartum in women who maintained exclusive breastfeeding for53 months (F1,65 =3.73, p<0.10, ηp 2 =0.05). Conclusions. These findings suggest that screening for depression symptoms during pregnancy can help to identify women at risk for early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding, and that exclusive breastfeeding may help to reduce symptoms of depression from childbirth to 3 months postpartum.
Resumo:
To determine differences between pregnant women diagnosed with Dysthymia versus Major Depression, depressed pregnant women (N=102) were divided by their diagnosis into Dysthymic (N=48) and Major Depression (N=54) groups and compared on self-report measures (depression, anxiety, anger, daily hassles and behavioral inhibition), on stress hormone levels (cortisol and norepinephrine), and on fetal measurements. The Major Depression group had more self-reported symptoms. However, the Dysthymic group had higher prenatal cortisol levels and lower fetal growth measurements (estimated weight, femur length, abdominal circumference) as measured at their first ultrasound (M=18 weeks gestation). Thus, depressed pregnant women with Dysthymia and Major Depression appeared to have different prenatal symptoms.
Resumo:
Depressed pregnant women (N=126) were divided into high and low prenatal maternal dopamine (HVA) groups based on a tertile split on their dopamine levels at 20 weeks gestation. The high versus the low dopamine group had lower Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) scores, higher norepinephrine levels at the 20-week gestational age visit and higher dopamine and serotonin levels at both the 20- and the 32-week gestational age visits. The neonates of the mothers with high versus low prenatal dopamine levels also had higher dopamine and serotonin levels as well as lower cortisol levels. Finally, the neonates in the high dopamine group had better autonomic stability and excitability scores on the Brazelton Neonatal Behavior Assessment Scale. Thus, prenatal maternal dopamine levels appear to be negatively related to prenatal depression scores and positively related to neonatal dopamine and behavioral regulation, although these effects are confounded by elevated serotonin levels.
Resumo:
The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationships between prenatal serotonin levels and other biochemical values during pregnancy as well as their relationships to neonatal biochemical and behavioral variables. To address that question, the pregnant women were divided into the top and bottom tertiles based on their serotonin levels at 20 weeks gestational age.
Resumo:
Four hundred and thirty pregnant women were recruited at approximately 22 weeks gestation at prenatal clinics. Of these, 86 (20%) were diagnosed as depressed. The women were seen again at approximately 32 weeks gestation and after delivery. Chronicity of depression was evidenced by continuing high depression scores in those women diagnosed as depressed. Comorbid problems were chronically high anxiety, anger, sleep disturbance, and pain scores. Less optimal outcomes for the depressed women included lower gestational age and lower birthweight of their newborns.
Resumo:
Prenatally depressed women (N=47) were randomly assigned to a group that received massage twice weekly from their partners from 20 weeks gestation until the end of pregnancy or a control group. Self-reported leg pain, back pain, depression, anxiety and anger decreased more for the massaged pregnant women than for the control group women. In addition, the partners who massaged the pregnant women versus the control group partners reported less depressed mood, anxiety and anger across the course of the massage therapy period. Finally, scores on a relationship questionnaire improved more for both the women and the partners in the massage group. These data suggest that not only mood states but also relationships improve mutually when depressed pregnant women are massaged by their partners.