Evaluation of natural fibers from brazilian malvaceae family and its potential as reinforced composites

This study compares the physicochemical characteristics of six species from Brazilian Malvaceae family with natural fibers of recognized applicability in the industry. The objective of the present study is present the physicochemical characterization of six Brazilian vegetal fibers: Sida rhombifolia L.; Sida carpinifolia L. f.; Sidastrum paniculatum (L.) Fryxell; Sida cordifolia L.; Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Gurck; Wissadula subpeltata (Kuntze) R.E.Fries. Respectively the two first species are from Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome and the four remaining from Brazilian Cerrado biome, despite of present in other regions of the plane

A estimulação cognitiva através da aprendizagem mediada: uma proposta de promoção das habilidades cognitivas em crianças de meio social desfavorecido

Partindo de dois referenciais teóricos da inteligência, psicométrico e cognitivo, esta tese centra-se no conceito de modificabilidade cognitiva e nos programas de estimulação (treino) cognitiva. Em particular é feita uma descrição detalhada do Programa de Enriquecimento Instrumental-PEI (Feuerstein et al., 1980), nomeadamente alguns conceitos centrais à sua fundamentação e implementação, por exemplo a experiência de aprendizagem mediada, o mapa cognitivo e a modificação cognitiva estrutural, pois que foi o programa considerado no nosso estudo empírico. Em termos empíricos procedemos à aplicação do PEI (tarefa de organização de pontos) junto de um grupo de crianças de 10 a 13 anos, do 4º ano do ensino fundamental, provenientes de um meio sociocultural desfavorecido. Este grupo representava a globalidade de uma turma da escola escolhida (25 crianças), havendo uma outra turma similar da mesma escola que serviu de grupo de comparação (26 crianças). O plano experimental inclui uma avaliação de pré-teste e pósteste com provas cognitivas e de leitura. Igualmente foi considerado o rendimento escolar das crianças, acrescentando-se no grupo experimental uma avaliação mais qualitativa assente nas funções cognitivas, atitudes e comportamentos das crianças ao longo da realização das atividades propostas no programa de estimulação cognitiva. Os resultados obtidos apontam para um efeito benéfico do programa quando comparamos as crianças do grupo experimental e de controlo no pós-teste em termos das habilidades cognitivas e numa das provas de leitura. Igualmente se observam melhorias nas suas funções cognitivas, atitudes e comportamentos de implicação na realização das tarefas ao longo do programa, registando-se uma melhoria do pré-teste para o pós-teste no rendimento académico, contudo esta melhoria ocorre igualmente no grupo de controlo. Estes resultados são discutidos à luz da investigação sobre os programas de treino cognitivo, e em particular do PEI, retirando-se ilações para a prática educativa e para a continuidade da investigação nesta área.

Cognitive functioning and efficacy of cognitive intervention in Multiple Sclerosis

Tese de Doutoramento em Psicologia Clínica / Psicologia

Reprogramming energy metabolism and inducing angiogenesis : co-expression of monocarboxylate transporters with VEGF family members in cervical adenocarcinomas

Reprogramming energy metabolism and inducing angiogenesis: co-expression of monocarboxylate transporters with VEGF family members in cervical adenocarcinomas.

Repeated assessment and practice effects of the written symbol digit modalities test using a short inter-test interval

The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is a widely used instrument to assess information processing speed, attention, visual scanning, and tracking. Considering that repeated evaluations are a common need in neuropsychological assessment routines, we explored test–retest reliability and practice effects of two alternate SDMT forms with a short inter-assessment interval. A total of 123 university students completed the written SDMT version in two different time points separated by a 150-min interval. Half of the participants accomplished the same form in both occasions, while the other half filled different forms. Overall, reasonable test–retest reliabilities were found (r = .70), and the subjects that completed the same form revealed significant practice effects (p < .001, dz = 1.61), which were almost non-existent in those filling different forms. These forms were found to be moderately reliable and to elicit a similar performance across participants, suggesting their utility in repeated cognitive assessments when brief inter-assessment intervals are required.

Age effects on EEG correlates of the Wisconsin card sorting test

Body and brain undergo several changes with aging. One of the domains in which these changes are more remarkable relates with cognitive performance. In the present work, electroencephalogram (EEG) markers (power spectral density and spectral coherence) of age-related cognitive decline were sought whilst the subjects performed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Considering the expected age-related cognitive deficits, WCST was applied to young, mid-age and elderly participants, and the theta and alpha frequency bands were analyzed. From the results herein presented, higher theta and alpha power were found to be associated with a good performance in the WCST of younger subjects. Additionally, higher theta and alpha coherence were also associated with good performance and were shown to decline with age and a decrease in alpha peak frequency seems to be associated with aging. Additionally, inter-hemispheric long-range coherences and parietal theta power were identified as age-independent EEG correlates of cognitive performance. In summary, these data reveals age-dependent as well as age-independent EEG correlates of cognitive performance that contribute to the understanding of brain aging and related cognitive deficits.

Self-esteem, assertiveness and resilience in adolescents institutionalized

The institutionalization of children and adolescents has been an increasingly visible problem in modern society. Unfavourable socio-economic conditions have been joining the behavior problems and school absenteeism. When the family fails in its competence for education, social security or the Court withdraws the child or adolescent to a host institution. The aim of this research was to characterize self-esteem, assertiveness and resilience of institutionalized adolescents in the northern region of Portugal and to establish associations with these dependent variables and gender, scholar level and duration of the institutionalization. For the purpose of this study a wider questionnaire was carried out, and validated with a smaller group. It was a transversal study following a predominantly quantitative methodology, with a convenience sample. The sample included 101 adolescents (55 female and 46 males) from eight institutions, aged between 11 to 21 years old (average 15.45). For self-esteem the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), already validate for Portuguese adolescents, was used. For assertiveness and resilience it was applied the Global Evaluation Scale of Assertiveness and the Global Evaluation Scale of Resilience (Jardim & Pereira, 2006) we previously adapted and validated for adolescents. Collected data was introduced in a SPSS database. A descriptive analysis was done to characterize the sample concerning all the variables. To establish associations between individual factors and dependent variables t test, correlations and non-parametric test were applied. Results indicated a relatively low self-esteem (28.03), with girls having a lower value than boys, without significant differences. No correlations were found between self-esteem and the time in the institution. Assertiveness of the sample is average (23.97) and higher for girls than boys, with a positive significant correlation with the scholar grade. Also the resilience is average (25.97), having girls a little lower mean than boys and no significant differences or correlations were found.

The family haloplasmataceae

Haloplasmataceae is a family within the order Haloplasmatales, which currently includes one single genus and species: Haloplasma contractile. This family has unusual phenotypic features the most noticeable being a unique morphology and cellular contractility cycle and a distinct phylogenetic position between the Firmicutes and the Tenericutes (Mollicutes). Members of the Haloplasmataceae have been isolated from the upper sediments of a deep-sea anoxic brine in the Red Sea, but cultivation-independent studies have found related sequences in a wide range of biotopes including other extreme environments, contaminated soils and marine sediments, as well as intestinal samples. The isolation and description of new representatives of this family might therefore result in significant changes to the current description.

The Family Salinisphaeraceae

The family Salinisphaeraceae (Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Salinisphaerales) comprises a single genus, Salinisphaera, and six species: S. shabanensis, S. hydrothermalis, S. dokdonensis, S. orenii, S. halophila, and S. japonica. All members of the family Salinisphaeraceae were isolated from marine/oceanic and high-salinity environments. These bacteria have coccoid or short rod morphologies and are halophilic or halotolerant. All known members of the family Salinisphaeraceae are heterotrophic, mesophilic aerobes, although S. hydrothermalis was shown to be a facultative chemolithoautotroph. Isolation and characterization of new members of the Salinisphaeraceae, as well as in-depth studies of the currently known species, will allow for a better understanding of this family.

Understanding adaptation to pH in an industrially relevant glycoside hydrolase family 8 xylanase

Dissertação de mestrado em Genética Molecular

Pais por inteiro: avaliação preliminar da eficácia de uma intervenção em grupo para pais divorciados

O artigo trata da avaliação preliminar da eficácia do Pais por Inteiro (PApi), uma intervenção em grupo com pais divorciados, implementada com a finalidade de melhorar a adaptação ao divórcio, a coparentalidade e a binuclearidade familiar. Os participantes (n= 16) foram equitativamente distribuídos em um grupo experimental (sujeito a intervenção) e um grupo de controlo. Os grupos mostraram-se semelhantes nas medidas dependentes pré-intervenção. Os resultados evidenciaram uma melhoria entre o pré e pós-teste no ajustamento ao divórcio e na qualidade da coparentalidade no grupo experimental, e uma melhoria no pós-teste no ajustamento também no grupo experimental. Estas melhorias não existiram no grupo de controlo. Estes resultados sugerem a eficácia do PApi em termos do melhor ajustamento pósdivórcio e coparentalidade.

A realização do sujeito em complementos infinitivos de verbos causativos e percetivos no português língua de herança

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Linguagem