In-situ flexural OPV measurements on flexible glass substrate

In-situ dark and light IV characteristics of inverted P3HT-PCBM devices on flexible glass substrates were measured while bending. Bending set up was simple and home built with servo controlled 2 parallel plate movements. ITO was sputter coated onto the thin flexible glass sheets of 25mmx25mm size in the lab. OPV devices were fabricated inside the glove box and conversion efficiency measured was about 2.8%. Bending of the device substrates and simultaneous PV measurements were carried out in ambient conditions. It was observed that the J(SC) and efficiency increased until the substrate breaking point but the V-OC and fill factor remained unchanged.

Distributed Nonparametric Sequential Spectrum Sensing under Electromagnetic Interference

We propose a distributed sequential algorithm for quick detection of spectral holes in a Cognitive Radio set up. Two or more local nodes make decisions and inform the fusion centre (FC) over a reporting Multiple Access Channel (MAC), which then makes the final decision. The local nodes use energy detection and the FC uses mean detection in the presence of fading, heavy-tailed electromagnetic interference (EMI) and outliers. The statistics of the primary signal, channel gain and the EMI is not known. Different nonparametric sequential algorithms are compared to choose appropriate algorithms to be used at the local nodes and the Fe. Modification of a recently developed random walk test is selected for the local nodes for energy detection as well as at the fusion centre for mean detection. We show via simulations and analysis that the nonparametric distributed algorithm developed performs well in the presence of fading, EMI and outliers. The algorithm is iterative in nature making the computation and storage requirements minimal.