Time-Resolved Resonance Raman Studies on Proton-Induced Electron-Transfer Reaction from Triplet Excited State of 2-Methoxynaphthalene to Decafluorobenzophenone

In this paper time-resolved resonance Raman (TR3) spectra of intermediates generated by proton induced electron-transfer reaction between triplet 2-methoxynaphthalene ((ROMe)-R-3) and decafluorobenzophenone (DFBP) are presented The TR3 vibrational spectra and structure of 2-methoxynaphthalene cation radical (ROMe+) have been analyzed by density functional theory (DFT) calculation It is observed that the structure of naphthalene ring of ROMe+ deviates from the structure of cation radical of naphthalene

A furnace for in situ synchrotron Laue diffraction and its application to studies of solid-state phase transformations

The design of a new microfurnace for use for Laue diffraction studies of solid-state transformations is described. The furnace operates in the temperature range 298-573 K with a thermal stability of about ± 0.1 K. The potential of the synchrotron-radiation Laue diffraction technique for studies of structural phase transitions is demonstrated. Experimental data on phase transitions in caesium periodate, potassium tetrachlorozincate and pentaerythritol are presented.

An electron spectroscopic study of the adsorption of nitrogen on a Ni/TiO2 catalyst prepared in situ in the spectrometer: evidence for dissociative adsorption in the strong-metal-support-interaction (SMSI) state

Nitrogen is dissociatively adsorbed on an annealed Ni/TiO2 surface just as on a Ti–Ni alloy surface while it is molecularly adsorbed on a Ni/Al2O3 surface.

An infrared spectroscopic study of the low-spin-high-spin transition in FexMn1-x(Phen)2(NCS)2: A composition-induced change in the order of the spin-state transition

Infrared spectroscopy provides a valuable tool to investigate the spin-state transition in Fe(II) complexes of the type Fe(Phen)2(NCS)2. With progressive substitution of Fe by Mn, the first-order transition changes over to a second-order transition, with a high residual population of the high-spin state even at very low temperatures

Solid State Electrochemical Sensors in Process Control

The basic principles of operation of gas sensors based on solid-state galvanic cells are described. The polarisation of the electrodes can be minimised by the use of point electrodes made of the solid electrolyte, the use of a reference system with chemical potential close to that of the sample system and the use of graded condensed phase reference electrodes. Factors affecting the speed of response of galvanic sensors in equilibrium and non-equilibrium gas mixtures are considered with reference to products of combustion of fossil fuels. An expression for the emf of non-isothermal galvanic sensors and the criterion for the design of temperature compensated reference electrodes for non-isothermal galvanic sensors are briefly outlined. Non-isothermal sensors are useful for the continuous monitoring of concentrations or chemical potentials in reactive systems at high temperatures. Sensors for oxygen, carbon, and alloying elements (Zn and Si) in liquid metals and alloys are discussed. The use of auxiliary electrodes permits the detection of chemical species in the gas phase which are not mobile in the solid electrolyte. Finally, the cause of common errors in galvanic measurements, and tests for correct functioning of galvanic sensors are given. 60 ref.--AA

1, 2-Bis (diphenylphosphino) etane bridged dinuclear copper (I) complexes: Investigations of solid state and solution structures by CP/MAS31P NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, IR spectroscopy and solution 31P NMR and 63Cu NMR spectroscopy

Three different complexes of copper (I) with bridging 1, 2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe), namely [Cu2 (mu-dppe) (CH3CN)6] (ClO4)2 (1), [Cu2 (mu-dppe)2 (CH3 CN)2] (ClO4)2 (2), and [Cu2 (mu-dppe) (dppe)2 (CH3CN)2] (ClO4)2 (3) have been prepared. The structure of [Cu2 (mu-dppe) (dPPe)2 (CH3CH)2] (ClO4)2 has been determined by X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in the space group PT with a=12.984(6) angstrom, b=13.180(6) angstrom, c=14.001(3) angstrom, alpha=105.23(3), beta=105.60(2), gamma=112.53 (4), V=1944 (3) angstrom3, and Z=1. The structure was refined by least-squares method with R=0.0365; R(w)=0.0451 for 6321 reflections with F0 greater-than-or-equal-to 3 sigma (F0). The CP/MAS P-31 and IR spectra of the complexes have been analysed in the light of available crystallographic data. IR spectroscopy is particularly helpful in identifying the presence of chelating dppe. P-31 chemical shifts observed in solid state are very different from those observed in solution, and change significantly with slight changes in structure. In solution, complex 1 remains undissociated but complexes 2 and 3 undergo extensive dissociation. With a combination of room temperature H-1, Cu-63, and variable temperature P-31 NMR spectra, it is possible to understand the various processes occurring in solution.

Four decades of research in solid state chemistry

Solid state chemistry was in its infancy when the author got interested in the subject. In this article, the author outlines the manner in which the subject has grown over the last four decades, citing representative examples from his own contributions to the different facets of the subject. The various aspects covered include synthesis, structure, defects, phase transitions, transition metal oxides, catalysts, superconductors, metal clusters and fullerenes. In an effort to demonstrate the breadth and vitality of the subject, the author shares his own experiences and aspirations and gives expression to the agony and ecstacy in carrying out experimental research in such a frontier area in India.

Denumerable state stochastic games with limiting average payoff

We study stochastic games with countable state space, compact action spaces, and limiting average payoff. ForN-person games, the existence of an equilibrium in stationary strategies is established under a certain Liapunov stability condition. For two-person zero-sum games, the existence of a value and optimal strategies for both players are established under the same stability condition.

Influence of state of stress on the processing map for hot working of stainless steel type AISI 304L: compression vs. torsion

Processing maps for hot working of stainless steel of type AISI 304L have been developed on the basis of the flow stress data generated by compression and torsion in the temperature range 600–1200 °C and strain rate range 0.1–100 s−1. The efficiency of power dissipation given by 2m/(m+1) where m is the strain rate sensitivity is plotted as a function of temperature and strain rate to obtain a processing map, which is interpreted on the basis of the Dynamic Materials Model. The maps obtained by compression as well as torsion exhibited a domain of dynamic recrystallization with its peak efficiency occurring at 1200 °C and 0.1 s−1. These are the optimum hot-working parameters which may be obtained by either of the test techniques. The peak efficiency for the dynamic recrystallization is apparently higher (64%) than that obtained in constant-true-strain-rate compression (41%) and the difference in explained on the basis of strain rate variations occurring across the section of solid torsion bar. A region of flow instability has occurred at lower temperatures (below 1000 °C) and higher strain rates (above 1 s−1) and is wider in torsion than in compression. To achieve complete microstructure control in a component, the state of stress will have to be considered.

Interaction of C60 and C70 with aromatic amines in the ground and excited states. Evindence for fullerene—benzene interaction in the ground state

While C60 interacts with aromatic amines such as dimethylaniline in the ground state, C70 does not. Fluorescence spectroscopic studies, including lifetime measurements, show the formation of exciplexes of both C60 and C70 with aromatic amines in nonaromatic solvents such as methylcyclohexane. Exciplexes are however not formed in benzene solvent, due to π—π interaction between benzene and the fullerene. Based on spectroscopic absorption measurements, it is shown that both C60 and C70 do indeed interact with benzene in the ground state.