7 resultados para posture

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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目的 建立能反映体位改变的单一血管血流动力学分布参数模型,探讨重力对血管中血流压力的影响.方法 在一般的血流动力学模型中引入体力项,数值模拟体位不同时,重力对血流压力的影响.结果 体位不同时,重力可引起血流压力的变化不同.结论新建的血流动力学分布参数模型可以为研究体位改变引起心血管功能指标的变化提供帮助.

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重力是体位改变过程中最基本的生物力学刺激因素.血流压力是表征心血管功能状态的一个基本指标.目前,体位改 变影响心血管系统的确切内部机制尚不清楚.为此,采用在流体和固体方程中分别引入体力项的方法,建立一个基于血流动 力学概念的三维流固耦合数学模型,用以研究体位改变,确切量化重力对血流压力的影响.通过数值计算,得到以下结果. 水平卧位条件下:a.单一血管中血流压力由无重力影响的轴对称二维分布变为重力影响下的三维不对称分布;b.随着进出 口压差由小变大,重力对压力分布和极值的影响由大变小,当压差值分别达到10 665.6 Pa(80 mmHg)和2 666.4 Pa(20 mmHg) 时,重力的影响就不再随进出口压差增大而变化;对三维单一流体,重力影响的总体趋势类似.对正、倒直立位,压力均为 二维轴对称分布,其重力影响强度约为水平卧位的2 倍以上.结果表明:基于血流动力学概念,引入体力项,建立三维流固 耦合模型为研究体位改变提供了一种新思路,重力对单一血管中血流压力分布和大小的影响因体位不同而不同,并与进出口 压差密切相关,提示,若血管进出口压差较小,忽略重力影响,不考虑体位改变,以二维轴对称模型来研究血管中血流状 态,须谨慎解释所得结果.

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Tank-reared Japanese flounder larvae, Paralichthys olivaceus, had a major feeding peak in the morning and a secondary peak in the afternoon throughout the larval development, with light being the primary factor regulating their feeding activity. The larvae consumed rotifers in preference to Artemia for up to 10 days, after which the food preference shifted to Artemia. Feeding rates of the larvae prior to 10 days post-batch depended on prey density, but in the old larvae, feeding rates were independent of prey density. Maximum feeding rate occurred at 19 degrees C. The occurrence of the attack posture, after its onset at first feeding (2 days post-hatch), increased up to 25 days, began to decrease when the larvae prepared to settle down, then disappeared after settlement. The occurrence frequency of the attack posture was positively related to fish density, but inversely related to starvation duration, and occurred most frequently at 19 degrees C. This posture depended on prey density in larvae prior to 10 days post-hatch, but became independent of prey density as the larvae developed. It was obvious that, for flounder larvae, attack posture was a behavioural character closely related to feeding and subject to larval development and environmental factors. (C) 2000 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.

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为了研究结构变形对大型六维力传感器精度的影响,基于螺旋理论及影响系数方法,并借助位姿解建立了考虑结构整体变形条件下Stewart平台六维力传感器测量误差模型,推导出并联六维力传感器测量的I,II类误差表达式,分析了在不同外载下,六维力传感器Ⅰ,Ⅱ类误差,总结了结构变形和平台自重对传感器测量精度的影响规律,为具有普通球形铰链大型Stewart平台六维力传感器标定方案的选择和精度的改善提供了理论基础。

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为实现MWCNT操作运动过程的视觉显示,本文建立了MWCNT的动力学模型,据此可推导出推动MWCNT所需施加力的大小,并根据探针的实际受力判断其能否运动;同时还建立了MWCNT的运动学模型,根据探针的实际位置可获得探针操作下MWCNT的新位置与姿态,并借助虚拟现实技术对视觉界面进行实时更新,实现了MWCNT运动过程的实时视觉显示。基于上述视觉显示,操作者可在线控制探针的作用位置与运动轨迹、以及施加在探针上作用力的大小与方向,实现对MWCNT操作过程及结果的在线控制。MWCNT的操作实验初步验证了该模型的有效性。

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在机器人越障过程中,由于重力的影响使得机器人车体水平姿态发生变化,从而机器人自主越障变得十分困难。分析了超高压输电线路障碍物的类型,提出了一种新的双臂自主越障巡检机器人构型,该构型能够跨越输电线路上的障碍物。针对这种新构型,阐述了机器人行走夹持机构的工作原理和实现形式,着重分析研究了偏心夹持机构对保持车体水平姿态的机理。最后,通过越障实验验证了行走夹持机构的可行性。

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本文介绍了一类轮式机器人的结构及其水平姿势控制方案,给出了控制系统的硬件组成、软件框图。