东方红-75拖拉机车架在垂直非对称载荷作用下的内力分布和翘曲变形

本文采用结构矩阵分析力法,对东方红-75拖拉机车架在受到翘曲变形时的内力进行了计算与分析,系统的研究了当结构参数改变时车架内力分布的变化规律。以及该种车架强度和刚度不足的主要原因。提出了改进车架强度和刚度的实施办法。

结构弛豫对Zr_(64.13)Cu_(15.75)Ni_(10.12)Al_(10)块体非晶合金硬度和剪切带特征的影响

通过接近玻璃转变温度的等温退火获得不同弛豫状态的Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10块体非晶合金样品。利用维氏显微硬度计和洛氏硬度计研究结构弛豫对合金硬度和压痕周围剪切带特征的影响规律。结果表明:在590K等温退火处理使Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10块体非晶合金发生焓弛豫行为,其维氏显微硬度随退火时间的延长较快增加后趋于稳定,而大载荷洛氏硬度对结构弛豫不敏感。通过洛氏压痕周围剪切带特征的研究,定量比较了结构弛豫对剪切带间距、数量的影响规律。

75 mW robust single frequency Yb-doped DFB fiber Bragg grating laser

Incorporating the shielded method and post-processing method, a 75 mW single frequency Yb-doped DFB fiber laser was obtained with a 250 mW laser diode pump source at 978 nm. The threshold of the laser is 2 mW. The laser is single-polarization operation and the output power fluctuation is less than 0.2 mW in one hour when the pump power is 250 mW.

棕色固氮菌突变株DJ35 中钼铁蛋白和HBP59 蛋白的研究—纯化特性及晶体生长

我们从A. vinelandii突变株DJ35中纯化得到了ΔnifE Av1，并通过与OP Av1相比较对其特性进行了研究。虽然ΔnifE Av1以四聚体形式(α2β2)存在，但却表现出两种天然电泳行为。与OP Av1相比，ΔnifE Av1中的金属含量较低，每个蛋白分子仅含9.96个铁原子、0.36个钼原子。OP Av1和ΔnifE Av1的吸收光谱相似，均在280 nm附近出现蛋白吸收峰，在300-600 nm波长范围内光吸收普遍降低，并无特征峰出现。虽然ΔnifE Av1可见光区域CD谱的摩尔消光系数（Δε）总比OP Av1小，但在520nm区域附近摩尔消光系数减少的相对值明显大于在450nm附近摩尔消光系数减少的相对值。ΔnifE Av1的EPR信号明显与OP Av1不同，在g≈3.7处的EPR信号完全消失，在g≈4.3 和2.0处的EPR信号强度也分别降低了75%和50%以上。ΔnifE Av1不能与Fe蛋白组成活性单位，但被FeMoco激活后可与Fe蛋白组成活性单位。上述结果表明, ΔnifE Av1不含FeMoco，但具有与OP Av1相同的P-cluster。 我们在纯化ΔnifE Av1的过程中，发现一个类似OP Av1的β亚基的污染蛋白，经MALDI-TOF质谱鉴定这种蛋白是棕色固氮菌中一预测基因的产物。通过改进纯化方法, 我们首次得到80%电泳纯的蛋白，并将其命名为HBP59蛋白。HBP59为一单体蛋白，分子量约为59k Da。金属测定结果表明每个蛋白分子中含有0.42个铁原子。HBP59蛋白的可见光谱表现出典型的血红素蛋白光谱特征，还原态的HBP59蛋白在421nm处有最大吸收峰，同时在517nm、556nm处有两个伴随肩峰出现, A421/A280仅为0.146。HBP59蛋白氧化后，吸收峰发生蓝移，最大吸收峰从421nm移到413nm，517nm和556nm处的肩峰消失，A413/A280为0.168。HBP59蛋白的可见光区圆二色谱比较复杂，正峰出现在420nm, 406nm, 379nm 和364nm; 其摩尔消光系数分别为0.75, 0.94, 0.68 和 0.99;负峰出现在433 nm 和392nm，其摩尔消光系数分别为-1.13 和-0.78。血红素滴定实验结果说明每个HBP59蛋白分子结合了0.1个血红素，但每个蛋白分子具有最大结合1个血红素的能力。这低结合能力与这低比率的比率是非常一致的。该蛋白对温度相对敏感，高于40℃蛋白开始沉淀。上述结果说明HBP59是一个结合具有低自旋和不对称的血红素的蛋白，它在菌体内可能并未扮演贮藏血红素的角色，而是可能参与血红素的运输或附着。 此外，经过结晶条件的大量筛选后获得了ΔnifE Av1和ΔnifH Av1的优质小单晶,并对HBP59的晶体培养进行了初步探索。

池塘养殖环境下滇池金线鲃仔稚鱼的食性转化与生长

下载PDF阅读器2008年3月-2009年3月,把35 000尾滇池金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus grahami)仔稚鱼分别饲养于3个池塘进行对比饲养研究.密度分别是:P1为208尾/m3;P2为167尾/m3;P3为41尾/m3.饲养期间采用相同的管理措施.每天数据收集采用:在仔鱼孵化后的5～16d的每天8:00和18:00从每个育苗池中捞取5～8尾仔鱼进行测量分析.仔鱼开口30d后,每月从培育池各捞取15尾,测量全长和体重.研究发现,滇池金线鲃仔鱼的开口时间为孵化后的5 d,混合营养期3～5d,这与初孵的演池金线鲃仔鱼的全长和卵黄囊较大有关.在容易造成仔鱼大量死亡的混合营养期,通过采用浆状物-轮虫-人工混合饲料的方式,大幅度提高了滇池金线鲃仔稚鱼的存活率,孵化一年后的滇池会线鲃稚鱼存活率可达82.7%.经过一周年的饲养,滇池金线鲃稚鱼的体重由(0.027±0.01)g(0.003～1.22)增长到(8.83±0.54)g (3.7～16.7),月均增重为0.73 g;全长由(15.8±0.30)mm (11.5～20.0)增长到(91.6±1.67)mm (75.0～16.0),全长月均增长6.32 mm.滇池金线鲃稚鱼全年全长的增长呈线性相关,y=9.82+7.05month(R2=0.9891);全年体重的增长呈指数关系,y=0.0158month2.54(R2=0.9939).

鳜和乌鳢最适温度的研究

研究了体重 47 2— 5 4 0 2g的鳜和 45 0— 5 4 6 2g的乌鳢的最适摄食和生长温度。结果表明 ,鳜的最大摄食率随温度的上升而增大 ,在 2 5— 35℃之间形成“最适温度平台” ;低温 ( 1 0—2 5℃ )时 ,乌鳢的最大摄食率随温度的上升而增加 ,在 2 5— 30℃之间形成“最适温度平台” ,之后随温度的增加而下降 ;鳜的特定生长率随温度的增加而加快 ,在 2 5— 35℃形成“最适温度平台” ;乌鳢的特定生长率受体重和温度的交互影响。

Genomic organization and expression analysis of Toll-like receptor 3 in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) participates in the innate immune response by recognizing viral pathogens. To investigate grass carp immune system responding to GCRV (grass carp reovirus) infection, the full-length cDNA sequence and genomic organization of grass carp TLR3 (CiTLR3) was identified and characterized. The full-length genome sequence of CiTLR3 is composed of 5668 nucleotides, including five exons and four introns. The full-length of CiTLR3 cDNA is 3681 bp in length and encodes a polypeptide of 904 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 102,765 Da and a predicted isoelectric point of 8.35. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence indicated that CiTLR3 has four main structural domains, including a signal peptide sequence, 14 LRR (leucine-rich repeat) motifs, a transmembrane region and a TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain. It is most similar to the crucian carp (Carassius auratus) TLR3 amino acid sequence with an identity of 99%. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that CiTLR3 transcripts were significantly up-regulated starting at day 1 and continued through day 7 following GCRV infection (P < 0.05). These data implied that CiTLR3 is involved in antiviral defense, provide molecular and functional information for grass carp TLR3, and implicate their role in mediating immune protection against grass carp viral diseases. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

ROLE OF PHOSPHORUS CYCLING IN ALGAL METABOLISM AND ALGAL SUCCESSION IN LAKE DONGHU, CHINA

The role of phosphorus cycling in algal metabolism was studied in a shallow lake, Donghu, in Wuhan using the methods of measuring cell quota C, N and P, and calculating nutrients uptake rate by algal photosynthesis. The mean daily phosphorus uptake rate of phytoplankton varied between 0.04-0.11 and 0.027-0.053 g/m2/d in station I and station II respectively. The turnover time of phosphorus in phytoplankton metabolism ranged from 0.75-5.0 days during 1979-1986. The available P was 0.176 (+/- 0.156) g/m3 (mean +/- SD) in 1982 and 0.591 (+/- 0.24) g/m3 in 1986. The relationship between P/B ratio (Y) and TP (X: mg/l) was described by the following regression equation Y = 1.163 + 0.512logX (r = 0.731, P < 0.001). The dynamics of algal biomass and algal species succession were monitored as the indicators of environmental enrichment. The small-sized algae have replaced the blue-green algae as the dominant species during 1979-1986. The small-sized algae include Merismopedia glauca, Cryptomonas ovata, Cryptomonas erosa, several species Cyclotella. There has been drastic decrease in algal biomass and an obvious increase in P/B ratio. A nutrient competition hypothesis is proposed to explain the reason of the disappearance of blue-green algae bloom. The drastic change in algal size and the results in high P/B ratio (reaching a maximum mean daily ratio of 1.09 in 1986) may suggest a transition of algal species from K-selection to r-selection in Lake Donghu.

Metamorphic InGaAs p-i-n Photodetectors with 1.75 mu m Cut-Off Wavelength Grown on GaAs

Top-illuminated metamorphic InGaAs p-i-n photodetectors (PDs) with 50% cut-off wavelength of 1.75 mu m at room temperature are fabricated on GaAs substrates. The PDs are grown by a solid-source molecular beam epitaxy system. The large lattice mismatch strain is accommodated by growth of a linearly graded buffer layer to create a high quality virtual InP substrate indium content in the metamorphic buffer layer linearly changes from 2% to 60%. The dark current densities are typically 5 x 10(-6) A/cm(2) at 0 V bias and 2.24 x 10(-4) A/cm(2) at a reverse bias of 5 V. At a wavelength of 1.55 mu m, the PDs have an optical responsivity of 0.48 A/W, a linear photoresponse up to 5 mW optical power at -4 V bias. The measured -3 dB bandwidth of a 32 mu m diameter device is 7 GHz. This work proves that InGaAs buffer layers grown by solid source MBE are promising candidates for GaAs-based long wavelength devices.

Passively mode-locking Nd : Gd0.5Y0.5VO4 laser with an In(0.25)Ga(0.75)Aa absorber grown at low temperature

We have demonstrated stable self-starting passive mode locking in a diode-end-pumped Nd:Gd-0.8-Y0.5VO4 laser by using an In0.25Ga0.75As absorber grown at low temperature (LT In0.25Ga0.75As absorber). An In0.25Ga0.75As single-quantum-well absorber, which was grown directly on the GaAs buffer by use of the metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition technique, acts simultaneously as a passive mode-locking device and as an output coupler. Continuous-wave mode-locked pulses were obtained at 1063.5 nm. We achieved a pulse duration of 2.6 ps and an average output power of 2.15 W at a repetition rate of 96.4 MHz. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.

黄土高原不同降水类型区旱作玉米田土壤干燥化效应与土壤水分承载力模拟研究

在模拟精度验证基础上,应用WinEPIC模型模拟研究了黄土高原不同降水类型区1960～2000年期间不同肥力水平下连作春玉米的产量变化和土壤水分效应。模拟结果表明:(1)洛川、延安、寿阳、榆林连作春玉米产量地区间差异显著,其年平均值分别为4.40、3.75、2.50、1.75t/hm2。施肥增产率和水分利用效率地区间差异均显著,均表现为洛川>延安>寿阳>榆林;同一地区水分利用效率随施肥量的增加而提高,不同地区施肥增产率最大值范围不同。(2)0～7m土层逐月土壤有效含水量地区间差异显著,洛川>延安>寿阳>榆林;同一地区内肥力水平越高,春玉米耗水量越大,逐月土壤有效含水量平均值越低。在春玉米生育期内0～7m土层年度土壤有效水分增减量地区间差异显著,洛川<延安<寿阳<榆林;不同肥力处理间的差异在模拟前期为显著,在模拟后期为不显著。(3)所有地区的春玉米在连作期间0～7m土层土壤湿度剖面分布,在经历了土壤湿度逐年降低、土壤干层逐年加厚的干燥化过程后,均出现了稳定的土壤干层。土壤干燥化速度地区间差异显著,洛川<延安<寿阳<榆林;不同肥力处理间随着施肥水平的提高土壤干燥化速度加快。(4)洛川、延安、寿阳、榆林连作春玉米的...