陕北丘陵区农村经济发展战略研究

按照新的生态和经济建设思路 ,必须研究与之相适应的农村经济发展战略。笔者在学习江总书记和朱总理重要指示的基础上 ,通过对陕北农村抽样调查及其现状特征的分析 ,研究了陕北丘陵区农村经济发展的战略思路、布局和措施

陆地三分量三维地震勘探技术研究与应用

With the development of oil and gas field exploration, it becomes harder to search new reserves. So a higher demand of seismic exploration comes up. Now 3C3D seismic exploration technology has been applied in petroleum exploration domains abroad. Comparing with the traditional P-wave exploration, the seismic attributes information which provided by 3C3D seismic exploration will increase quickly. And it can derive various combined parameters. The precision of information about lithology, porosity, fracture, oil-bearing properties, etc which estimated by above parameters was higher than that of pure P-wave exploration. These advantages mentioned above lead to fast development of 3C3D seismic technology recently. Therefore, how to apply the technology in petroleum exploration field in China, how to obtain high quality seismic data, and how to process and interpret real data, become frontier topics in geophysical field nowadays, which have important practical significance in research and application. In this paper, according to the propagation properties of P-wave and converted wave, a study of 3C3D acquisition parameters design method was completed. Main parameters included: trace interval, shot interval, maximum offset, bin size, the interval of receiving lines, the interval of shooting lines, migration aperture, maximum cross line distance, etc. Their determination principle was given. The type of 3C3D seismic exploration geometry was studied. By calculating bin attributes and analyzing parameters of geometry, some useful conclusions were drawn. With the method in this paper, real geometries for continental lithology stratum gas reservoir and fractured gas reservoir were studied and determined. In the static method of multi-wave, the near surface P-wave, S-wave parameter investigation method has been advanced, and this method has been applied for the patent successfully; the near surface P-wave, S-wave parameter investigation method and the converted refraction wave first arrival static techniques have been integrally used to improve the effectiveness of converted wave static. In the aspect of converted wave procession, the rotation of horizontal component data, the calculation of converted wave common conversion bin, the residual static of converted wave, the velocity analysis of the common conversion point (CCP), the Kirchhoff pre-stack time migration of converted wave techniques have been applied for setting up the various 3C3D seismic data processing flows based on different geologic targets, and the high quality P-wave, converted-wave profiles have been acquired in the actual data processing. In the aspect of P-wave and converted-wave comprehensive interpretation, the thoughts and methods of using zero-offset S-wave VSP data to calibrate horizon have been proposed; the method of using P-wave and S-wave amplitude ratio to predict the areas of oil and gas enrichment has been studied; the method of inversion using P-wave combined with S-wave has been studied; the various P-wave, S-wave parameters(velocity ratio, amplitude ratio, poisson ratio) have been used to predict the depth, physical properties, gas-bearing properties of reservoirs; the method of predicting the continental stratum lithology gas reservoir has been built. The above techniques have all been used in various 3D3C seismic exploration projects in China, and the better effects have been gotten. By using these techniques, the 3C3D seismic exploration level has been improved.

最优烃类指标方法的研究与应用

Nowadays, with the development of reservoir exploration, the method of exploration is growing. Together with well information and laboratory results, seismic information with high quality can predict reservoir successfully. Hydrocarbon Indicator is a method, which picks the most sensitive rock properties of hydrocarbons, scans the aim area with rock physics tools, and then indicates the area of reservoir. Obviously, the more is the difference between brine and oil/gas, the better this method works. Which parameter can be used as the Optimal Hydrocarbon Indicators is still in discussion. The author introduced several kinds of Hydrocarbon Indicators in this thesis. After analyzing the response of different parameter to reservoir, together with seismic information, the reservoir can be predicted. In this paper, the reservoir of Zhunge’er is studied to prove this kind of method is suitable for real exploration in China. Besides, the author chose Haila’er reservoir to testify whether this method could be used in metamorphic reservoir other than sandstone reservoir. The results highlighted the meaning of Optimal Hydrocarbon Indicators on reservoir identification. The author also mentioned some thoughts for the development of hydrocarbon indicators in the future.

波动方程叠前深度偏移辛算法及速度建模

On 70~(th) SEG Annual meeting, many author have announced their result on the wave equation prestack depth migration. The methods of the wave-field imaging base on wave equation becomes mature and the main direction of seismic imaging. The direction of imaging the complex media has been the main one of the projects that the national "85" and "95" reservoir geophysics key projects and "Knowledge innovation key project of Chinese Academy of Science" have been supported. Furthermore, we began the study for special oil field situation of our nation with the international research groups. Under the background, the author combined the thoughts of symplectic with wave equation pre-stack depth migration, and develops and efficient wave equation pre-stack depth migration method. The purpose of this work is to find out a way to imaging the complex geological goals of Chinese oilfields and form a procedure of seismic data processing. The paper gives the approximation of one way wave equation operator, and shows the numerical results. The comparisons have been made between split-step phase method, Kirchhoff and Ray+FD methods on the pulse response, simple model and Marmousi model. The results shows that the method in this paper has an higher accuracy. Four field data examples have also be given in this paper. The results of field data demonstrate that the method can be usable. The velocity estimation is an important part of the wave equation pre-stack depth migration. A parallel velocity estimation program has been written and tested on the Beowulf clusters. The program can establish a velocity profile automatically. An example on Marmousi model has shown in the third part of the paper to demonstrate the method. Another field data was also given in the paper. Beowulf cluster is the converge of the high performance computer architecture. Today, Beowulf Cluster is a good choice for institutes and small companies to finish their task. The paper gives some comparison results the computation of the wave equation pre-stack migration on Beowulf cluster, IBM-SP2 (24 nodes) in Daqing and Shuguang 3000, and the comparison of their prize. The results show that the Beowulf cluster is an efficient way to finish the large amount computation of the wave equation pre-stack depth migration, especially for 3D.

辛格式波动方程叠前深度偏移及速度建模

On 70~(th) SEG Annual meeting, many author have announced their result on the wave equation pre-stack depth migration. The methods of the wave-field imaging base on wave equation becomes mature and the main direction of seismic imaging. The direction of imaging the complex media has been the main one of the projects that the national "85" and "95" reservoir geophysics key projects and "Knowledge innovation key project of Chinese Academy of Science" have been supported. Furthermore, we began the study for special oil field situation of our nation with the international research groups. Under the background, the author combined the thoughts of symplectic with wave equation pre-stack depth migration, and develops and efficient wave equation pre-stack depth migration method. The purpose of this work is to find out a way to imaging the complex geological goals of Chinese oilfields and form a procedure of seismic data processing. The paper gives the approximation of one way wave equation operator, and shows the numerical results. The comparisons have been made between split-step phase method, Kirchhoff and Ray+FD methods on the pulse response, simple model and Marmousi model. The result shows that the method in this paper has an higher accuracy. Four field data examples have also be given in this paper. The results of field data demonstrate that the method can be usable. The velocity estimation is an important part of the wave equation pre-stack depth migration. A. parallel velocity estimation program has been written and tested on the Beowulf clusters. The program can establish a velocity profile automatically. An example on Marmousi model has shown in the third part of the paper to demonstrate the method. Another field data was also given in the paper. Beowulf cluster is the converge of the high performance computer architecture. Today, Beowulf Cluster is a good choice for institutes and small companies to finish their task. The paper gives some comparison results the computation of the wave equation pre-stack migration on Beowulf cluster, IBM-SP2 (24 nodes) in Daqing and Shuguang3000, and the comparison of their prize. The results show that the Beowulf cluster is an efficient way to finish the large amount computation of the wave equation pre-stack depth migration, especially for 3D.

学习不良少年的自我意识情绪研究

Self-conscious emotions (guilt, shame, embarrassment, pride, etc) are social emotions, and involve complex appraisals of how one’s behavior has been evaluated by the self and other people according to some value standards. Self-conscious emotions play an important role in human life by arousing and regulating human action tendencies, feeling and thoughts, which can promote people to work hard in achievement and task fields, maintain good interpersonal relationship according with social morality and expectation. The present study aimed to examine complex self-conscious emotional understanding capabilities in junior middle school students with and without learning disabilities, how the self-conscious emotions generate, and relationship between self-conscious emotions and self-representation in academic and interpersonal fields. Situational experimental methods were used in this research, and the results would give further supports for learning disabilities intervention. The main results of present research are as follows. 1. The study included 4 parts and 6 experiments. The aim of study 1 was to explore whether juveniles with learning disabilities understood complex self-conscious emotions differently from juveniles without learning disabilities. We surveyed the self-conscious emotions understanding of 37 learning disabilities and 45 non-learning disabilities with the emotional situation stories. The results indicated that the self-conscious emotional recognition in others for learning disabilities was lower than that of non-learning disabilities in different emotional recognition tasks. Moreover, children with learning disabilities were more inclined to recognize emotions in themselves as elemental emotions, however, children without learning disabilities were more inclined to recognize emotions in themselves as self-conscious emotions. 2. The aim of study 2 was to explore the generative mechanism of self-conscious emotions in academic and interpersonal fields with the method of situational experiments, namely to examine whether the self-discrepancy could cause self-conscious emotions for learning disabilities. 84 learning disabilities (in experiment 1) and 80 learning disabilities (in experiment 2) participated in the research, and the results were as follows. (1) Self discrepancy caused participants’ self-conscious emotions effectively in academic and interpersonal fields. One’s own and parents’ perspercive on the actual-ideal self-discrepancy both produced dejection-related emotions (shame、embarrassment) and agitation-related emotions (guilt). （2）In academic fields, children with learning disabilities caused higher level negative self-conscious emotions (embarrassment, shame, and guilt) and lower level positive self-conscious emotion (pride). However, there were no differences of self-conscious emotions for children with and without learning disabilities in non-academic fields. 3. The aim of study 3 was to explore what influence had self-conscious emotions on self-representation for learning disabilities with the method of situational experiments. 57 learning disabilities (in experiment 1) and 67 learning disabilities (in experiment 2) participated in the research, and the results were as follows. （1）The negative self-conscious for learning disabilities could influence their positive or negative academic and positive interpersonal self-representation stability, the ways in which self-evaluation of ability mediate these effects. However, there was no significant effect for the negative self-conscious and self-evaluation of ability predicting negative interpersonal self-representation stability. （2）The stability level of positive academic and interpersonal self-representation for learning disabilities was lower than that of non-learning disabilities. There was no significant difference of the negative interpersonal self-representation stability for children with and without learning disabilities in the positive self-conscious valence condition. However, the stability level of negative interpersonal self-representation for learning disabilities was lower than that of non-learning disabilities in the negative self-conscious valence condition. 4. The aim of study 4 was to explore the intervention effects for self-conscious emotions training course on emotional comprehension cability. 65 learning disabilities (34 in experimental group, and 31 in control group) participated in the research. The results showed that self-conscious emotions course boosted the self-conscious emotions apprehensive level for children with learning disabilities.

中学生强迫症状及其心理、环境危险因素和整合模型研究

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms, which are one of common factors effected on mental health of secondary school students, have been rarely studied at home and abroad. In accordance with the problems existed in these literature up till now, the thesis had mainly studied the measured tool, contents and structure, developmental features, psychosocial risk factors and integrated model of obsessive-compulsive symptoms from them by means of investigation with quetionnaires. The entire research was divided into three phases. 3185 students(age 14.68±1.75 years) were firstly measured with the 20-item Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version(LOI-CV) at four secondary schools including six grades in Beijing city, which was applied to revise LOI-CV, and to study the structure and contents, developmental features and screen of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Then, 216 subjects with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, paired with controls in the light of school, grade and gender, were investigated with 10 self-rating scales on obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anxiety, depression, personality, coping and attributional style, negative life events, parent's rearing style, family environment and life adaptation in school, and with an inventory on social demography. The results were used to explore psychosocial risk factors and integrated model of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The third survey was only carried out, about two months after the second, among 264 subjects with obsessive-compulsive symptoms through MMOCI and Negative Life Event Scale for Adolescents, in order to probe into the integrated model. The research had mainly found: (1) LOI-CV can be used as a screen tool for obsessive-compulsive symptoms in urban adolescents in China; (2) Total screening-out ratio of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was 13.6% (male:15.0%, female:12.2%). The most common manifestations of obsessive-compulsive symptoms were hating dirt and contamination, doing things in exact manner, angry if someone messes desk, bad conscience but no one else, worry about cleanliness, repeated thoughts or words; the least were favorite or special number, spending extra time on homework, special number or words to avoid, talking or moving to avoid bad luck, fussy about hands. The checking and repetition, cleanliness and tidiness, general obsessions were more common forms than numbers-luck; (3) No differences were existed in serious degree of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but the screening-out ratio in male was higher than it in female; (4) No differences were detected in the serious degree of obsessive-compulsive symptoms except the scores of cleanliness and tidiness among grades, but the screening-out ratio of the grades justly entering secondary school or going to graduate were higher than other ones; (5) The main psychosocial risk factors for obsessive-compulsive symptoms included anxiety, mother's over-protecting and over-interfering, fantasy, flexibility, self-actualization, peers relationship, sense of responsibility, negative life events, mother's occupation, help-seeking, and (6) The integrated model on psychosocial risk factors suggested that the possible developed and sustained mechanism of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was that personality, coping and attributional styles constructed the developmental diathesis foundation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms; negative life events were promoting factors of them. There was a dynamic interaction between personality and environmental factors. Negative emotion played a core role in the developmental process of them. The continued existence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was related to pre-existed obsessive-compulsive symptoms and negative life events experienced by an individual. Therefore, this research not only let us get a deeper understanding of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and more entirely find out psychosocial risk factors, firstly applied diathesis-stress theory to comprehend the psychological mechanism of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and, moreover, elaborate and expand it, but also has more important practice significance of treatment, prevent and education for obsessive-compulsive symptoms in secondary school students.