Cross spectral purity and its influence on ghost imaging experiments

Pseudo-thermal light has been widely used in ghost imaging experiments. In order to understand the differences between the pseudo-thermal source and thermal source, we propose a method to investigate whether a light source has cross spectral purity (CSP), and experimentally measure the cross spectral properties of the pseudo-thermal light source in near-field and far-field zones. Moreover we present a theoretical analysis of the cross spectral influence on ghost imaging. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Resolution and noise in ghost imaging with classical thermal light

The resolution and classical noise in ghost imaging with a classical thermal light are investigated theoretically. For ghost imaging with a Gaussian Schell model source, the dependences of the resolution and noise on the spatial coherence of the source and the aperture in the imaging system are discussed and demonstrated by using numerical simulations. The results show that an incoherent source and a large aperture will lead to a good image quality and small noise.

Ghost imaging with thermal light by third-order correlation

Ghost imaging with classical incoherent light by third-order correlation is investigated. We discuss the similarities and the differences between ghost imaging by third-order correlation and by second-order correlation, and analyze the effect from each correlation part of the third-order correlation function on the imaging process. It is shown that the third-order correlated imaging includes richer correlated imaging effects than the second-order correlated one, while the imaging information originates mainly from the correlation of the intensity fluctuations between the test detector and each reference detector, as does ghost imaging by second-order correlation.

Solution-processible multi-component cyclometalated iridium phosphors for high-efficiency orange-emitting OLEDs and their potential use as white light sources

The synthesis and photophysical studies of several multifunctional phosphorescent iridium(III) cyclometalated complexes consisting of the hole-transporting carbazole and fluorene-based 2-phenylpyridine moieties are reported. All of them are isolated as thermally and morphological stable amorphous solids. Extension of the pi-conjugation through incorporation of electron- pushing carbazole units to the fluorene fragment leads to bathochromic shifts in the emission profile, increases the highest oc- cupied molecular orbital levels and improves the charge balance in the resulting complexes because of the propensity of the carbazole unit to facilitate hole transport. These iridium-based triplet emitters give a strong orange phosphorescence light at room temperature with relatively short lifetimes in the solution phase. The photo- and electroluminescence properties of these phosphorescent carbazolylfluorene-functionalized metalated complexes have been studied in terms of the coordinating position of carbazole to the fluorene unit. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using these complexes as the solution-processed emissive layers have been fabricated which show very high efficiencies even without the need for the typical hole-transporting layer.I These orange-emitting devices can produce a maximum current efficiency of similar to 30 cd A(-1) corresponding to an external quantum efficiency of similar to 10 % ph/el (photons per electron) and a power efficiency of similar to 14 Im W-1.

Effects of different light sources and illumination methods on growth and body color of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei with initial body weight of 2.108 +/- 0.036 g were sampled for specific growth rates (SGR) and body color measurements for 50 days under different light sources (incandescent lamp, IL; cool-white fluorescent lamp, FL; metal halide lamp, MHL; and control without lamp) and different illumination methods (illumination only in day, IOD, and illumination day and night, IDN). Body color of L. vannamei was measured according to the free astaxanthin concentration (FAC) of shrimp. The SGR, food intake (FI), feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and FAC of shrimps showed significant differences among the experimental treatment groups (P < 0.05). Maximum and minimum SGR occurred under IOD by MHL and IDN by FL, respectively (difference 56.34%). The FI of shrimp for the control group did not rank lowest among treatments, confirming that shrimp primarily use scent, not vision, to search for food. FI and FCE of shrimps were both the lowest among treatment groups under IDN by FL and growth was slow, thus FL is not a preferred light source for shrimp culture. Under IOD by MHL, shrimps had the highest FCE and the third highest FI among treatment groups ensuring rapid growth. FAC of shrimp were about 3.31 +/- 0.20 mg/kg. When under IOD by MHL and IDN by FL, FAC was significantly higher than the other treatments (P < 0.05). To summarize, when illuminated by MHL, L. vannamei had not only vivid body color due to high astaxanthin concentration but also rapid growth. Therefore, MHL is an appropriate indoor light source for shrimp super-intensive culture. SGR of shrimp was in significantly negative correlation to FAC of shrimp (P < 0.05). Thus, when FAC increased, SGR did not always follow, suggesting that the purpose of astaxanthin accumulation was not for growth promotion but for protection against intense light. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

White light emission from ultraviolet laser diode

A phosphor-conversion white light using an InGaN laser diode that emits 405 nm near-ultraviolet (n-UV) light and phosphors that emit in the red/green/blue region when excited by the n-UV light was fabricated. The relationship of the luminous flux and the luminous efficacy of the white light with injection current were discussed. Based on the evaluation method for luminous efficacy of light sources established by the Commission International de I'Eclairage (CIE) and the phosphor used in this experiment, a theoretical analysis of the experiment results and the maximum luminous efficacy of this white light fabrication method were also presented.

Analysis on the high luminous flux white light from GaN-based laser diode

We fabricated a phosphor-conversion white light using an InGaN laser diode that emits 445 nm and phosphor that emits in the yellow region when excited by the blue laser light. At 500 mA injection current the luminous flux and the luminous efficacy were 113 lm and 44 lm/W, respectively. The relationship of the luminous flux and the luminous efficacy of the white light with an injection current were discussed. Based on the evaluation method for luminous efficacy of light sources established by the Commission International de I'Eclairage (CIE) and the phosphor used in this experiment, a theoretical analysis of the experiment results and the maximum luminous efficacy of this white light fabrication method were also presented.

Classical correlated imaging from the perspective of coherent-mode representation

We use coherent-mode representation of partially coherent fields to analyze correlated imaging with classical light sources. This formalism is very useful to study the imaging quality. By decomposing the unknown object as the superposition of different coherent modes, the components corresponding to small eigenvalues cannot be well imaged. The generated images depend crucially on the distribution of the eigenvalues of the coherent-mode representation of the source and the decomposition coefficients of the objects. Three kinds of correlated imaging schemes are analyzed numerically.

基于统计光学的无透镜鬼成像数值模拟与实验验证

作为量子信息领域分支的鬼成像,由于物体的像将出现在不包含物体的光路上的特点,使得这一领域的研究引人入胜。一度认为,只有基于纠缠态双光子的纠缠光源,才能实现鬼成像;但近年来的研究表明,经典热光场也能实现这一过程。从经典统计光学入手,建立了热光场的数值模型,模拟符合热光特性的光场变化、光场传播、以及物体透射函数对热光场的调制,进而从光强度起伏的关联函数中,分别重现振幅型物体和纯相位型物体的傅里叶变换图像;通过与真实实验结果的对比,表明基于统计光学原理的该数值模型所预测的实验结果,与真实的实验结果完全一致。

尘埃粒子计数器中光源对传感器光通量的影响分析

在Mie散射理论基础上，由单分散射的光强表达式导出在偏振光的入射条件下一定立体角内的散射光通量的表达式，并与自然光入射作比较。计算了在相同强度不同光源入射下，尘埃粒子计数器的两种常用散射光收集系统收集的散射光通量。结果表明：采用近前向散射光收集系统得到的光通量相等；而采用直角方向散射光收集系统时两者并不相等，且在平面偏振光入射时，收集的散射光通量还跟探测器中心与入射光偏振方向夹角有关。用MATLAB编程计算，得出了在探测器中心与偏振方向的夹角成90°或270°位置时，收集的散射光通量有极值的结论，为激光尘

双频激光干涉仪的最大可测量速度研究

现代制造业对双频激光干涉仪的最大可测量速度提出了越来越高的要求。最大可测量速度是双频激光干涉仪的一项重要指标，它主要受双频激光光源所输出的频差、干涉仪的光学结构以及电子带宽等因素的限制。本文从理论和实验两方面对干涉仪的最大可测量速度进行了研究，搭建了基于自由落体运动的实验装置。实验结果表明，实际最大可测量速度略低于其理论值。另外，文中还分析了上述三种因素对最大可测量速度的影响。实验装置和结果可供工业应用提供参考。