3 resultados para PORCELAIN

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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The earliest Chinese ancient glasses before the West Han Dynasty (200 BC) from different regions are studied. The glass samples were unearthed from Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangdong and Xinjiang of China. The chemical composition of these glasses samples is analyzed by proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) method and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). It is shown that the glass chemical compositions belong to barium-lead silicate BaO-PbO-SiO2, potash soda lime silicate K2O (Na2O)-CaO-SiO2 (K2O/Na2O > 1), soda potash lime silicate Na2O (K2O)-CaO-SiO2 (K2O/Na2O < 1) and potash silicate K2O-SiO2 glass systems, respectively. The origins of the earliest Chinese ancient glasses are discussed from the archaeological and historical points of view. These four types of Chinese ancient glasses were all made in Chinese territory using local raw materials. The glass preparation technology was related to the Chinese ancient bronze metallurgy and proto-porcelain glaze technology. The glass technology relationship between the East and the West is analyzed at the same time.

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采用传统的玻璃熔融法制备了组成为60Bi2O3-20B2O3-15SiO2-5La2O3(mol%)的铋酸盐玻璃, 系统研究了不同工艺过程对玻璃性能的影响. 分析了样品ICP的成分,扫描电镜,X-射线衍射谱, 差热分析和紫外-可见-近红外透过光谱测试. 结果表明:使用刚玉坩埚能提高玻璃的抗析晶稳定性 和透过率,陶瓷坩埚和白金坩埚均受到严重腐蚀,玻璃组分也随之发生很大变化. 当熔制温度从1 100 ℃变化到1 300 ℃时,玻璃的颜色从浅黄色变到深红棕色. 尤其是白金粒子被腐蚀进入玻璃液 后,玻璃中很容易形成纳米颗粒或者团聚形成胶体粒子,在玻璃中形成色散源,加深玻璃的颜色, 降低透过率. 1 300 ℃下,白金粒子起到晶核剂的作用,生成Bi2Pt2O7和BiB3O6晶相,导致玻璃失透.

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以矿物学理论为基础,采用XRD、AAS、TEM和OM等分析仪器,对国产70kN、日本120kN和210kN高强度瓷绝缘子的化学成分、显微结构等特征进行了分析,找出造成国内外瓷绝缘子性能差异的主要因素。并对贵州地区的高强瓷非金属矿物原料进行了较系统的矿物学研究,确定了6个主要原料基地。在以上研究的基础上,优化设计了420kN和300kN高强度瓷绝缘子的配方及相关生产工艺。并对烧结出420kN高强度瓷绝缘子的化学成分与显微结构进行了研究分析。得到的主要结论如下: (1)对比国内外高强瓷得出,造成国内高强瓷性能差的主要因素是化学成分和显微结构。国内70kN样品含有较高的K2O和TiO2,严重超过了高强瓷标准配方值,而国外配方恰好落在标准值范围内;国内70kN样品晶相含量仅为35%,而国外210kN样品的晶相含量为48%,且晶粒细小分布均匀,玻璃相和气孔相含量也比国内产品少且分布均匀。 (2)采用XRD对贵州地区矿物原料进行分析,最终选定了毕节、大方6个高强瓷原材料产地。这些基地粘土类矿物原料,具有可塑性好,有害矿物含量少,化学成分中Si、Al比适中,Fe、Ti等杂质元素含量低的特点;铝氧类矿物具有含Al2O3含量高且杂质元素少的特点,是制备高强度瓷绝缘子的优质原料。 (3)在主要使用贵州所产的矿物原料基础上,结合国内外高强瓷的性能差异,优化设计了300kN和420kN高强瓷的配方和工艺。其中将坯料的颗粒度组成设定在:≥5µm43-48%,≥10µm25-31%,≥20µm5-12%,并采用合理烧结制度下烧结出420kN高强瓷,其烧结温度范围在13001400℃,最终产品通过IEC检测且显微结构较好。